Technical characteristics of laparoscopic appendectomy for acute destructive appendicitis

Efficacy of application of laparoscopic technologies in the treatment of destructive forms of an acute appendicitis was estimated. Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) was performed in 197 patients. The reduction of duration of the patients stationary treatment was noted, as well as of the wound infectioning rate comparing with such indexes, obtained after open appendectomy performance. The efficacy and security of LA in the treatment of patients, suffering destructive forms of an acute appendicitis, was proved.     

Generalized suppurative peritonitis in patients with destructive forms of acute appendicitis]

The authors undertook comparative analysis of the results of treatment, the number and intensity of postoperative pyo-inflammatory complications, and the mortality rate in a group of 51 patients with generalized purulent peritonitis of appendicular origin in various methods of abdominal cavity cleansing: closed drainage of the abdominal cavity (group I, 10 patients); continuous peritoneal lavage (group II, 15 patients), cleansing of the abdominal cavity in stages (group III, 26 patients). Any type of cleansing did not exclude the development of purulent complications during treatment, the whose number grew with the increase in the period between the appendectomy and the onset of the disease. Complications developed in 23 patients (45%). Their frequency and intensity were, however, much less when the abdominal cavity was lavaged in stages, which enable the number of cases of adhesive obstruction and the formation of abscesses between the loops to be reduced markedly. A progressive septic process and poly-organic insufficiency were the main causes of death. The mortality rate was 30; 26.6 and 11.5%, respectively, in groups I, II, and III.     

引起肠梗阻的急性阑尾炎诊治分析（附12例报告）

目的 探讨表现为肠梗阻的阑尾炎的临床规律。方法 收集以肠梗阻为临床表现的阑尾炎病例的临床资料并回顾性分析其临床和解剖学特点。结果 在术后诊断为急性化脓性阑尾炎的182例患者中，以肠梗阻收住人院的有12例，这12例病人就诊前病程3～5天，12例病人回盲部周围炎症均严重，伴有回盲部水肿，回肠后位阑尾6例。结论 （1）以肠梗阻为临床表现的不典型阑尾炎术前常常不易确诊，早期即有体温和血象升高的肠梗阻应警惕阑尾炎；（2）及时手术探查有助于正确诊断和治疗；（3）回肠后位阑尾的炎症容易波及回盲瓣而引起引起肠梗阻。     

Combined topical and systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in acute appendicitis

Two hundred forty-six patients with acute appendicitis were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group of 120 patients received systemic clindamycin preoperatively. Another group of 126 patients received, in addition to systemic clindamycin, a solution of topical ampicillin applied to subcutaneous tissues. No differences were found in the characteristics of the two groups. Combined prophylaxis with clindamycin and ampicillin significantly reduced wound infection to 4%, compared with clindamycin alone (p less than 0.02). A decrease in the surgical wound infection rate in the group treated with clindamycin and ampicillin was mainly observed in patients with advanced (gangrenous and perforated) appendicitis (p less than 0.05). A significant decrease in wound infection rates in patients with positive culture results was also found. We conclude that prophylaxis with a combination of systemic clindamycin and topical ampicillin solution, when compared with clindamycin alone, more effectively prevents wound infection after emergency appendectomy, especially in patients with serious wound contamination.