不典型急性心肌梗死患者心电图特点分析

目的：分析不典型急性心肌梗死（AM I）患者的心电图特点。方法对79例不典型AMI患者进行心电图检查,对不排除后壁及右室心肌梗死者,加做V7～V9导联和V3R～V5R导联,并3～4h复查1次心电图,至少3次以上,对所有79例患者均做心肌酶检查至少2次。结果79例患者中44例表现为典型AMI的心电图表现,35例心电图改变不典型,5例仅表现为高尖的T波;10例呈等位性Q波,其中6例患者胸导联小q波的宽度和深度均大于下一导联;5例表现为QRS波群起始部切迹、顿挫;R波在V 1～V 4导联递增不良,RV3〈RV2;5例表现为缺血性J波。79例患者心肌酶变化符合AMI的心肌酶谱的演变过程及规律。结论对于不典型AMI的诊断,应及时进行心电图、心肌酶以及心肌坏死生化标志物动态观察,结合患者的临床表现和病史,综合分析,才能减少漏诊和误诊。     

18导联心电图在诊断急性正后壁心肌梗死的价值分析

目的:探讨18导联心电图(18 ECG)诊断急性正后壁心肌梗死的应用价值。方法:选择80例急性正后壁心肌梗死患者作为研究对象,本组患者均在做常规12导联心电图的基础上,加做V3R、V4R、V5R(右室)及V7、V8、V9(正后壁)导联心电图,观察心电图检查结果。结果:单纯性急性正后壁心肌梗死的12导联心电图有心肌缺血图形表现,V1~V3段轻度降低、RV1轻度升高4例。下壁合并急性正后壁心肌梗死的12 ECG有下壁心肌梗死图形改变,V1~V3段降低,RV1升高,V5~V6及V3R~V5R升高。结论:在急性正后壁心肌梗死的临床诊断中,增加正后壁、右室导联心电图检查,可有效捕捉急性正后壁心肌梗死的心电图信息,降低漏诊、误诊率,值得推广应用。     

急性右心室心肌梗死48例临床分析

目的 探讨急性右心室心肌梗死(ARVI)的临床特征、诊断及治疗要点,提高对其特殊性的认识.方法 对48例急性ARVI患者临床资料进行分析.结果 与结论患者多有基础疾病、多有诱发因素,具有一般急性心肌梗死的症状,常合并其它部位心肌梗死.体征主要是低血压、颈静脉充盈、三尖瓣听诊区收缩期杂音、右心功能不全、心源性休克、心律失常.全部心电图均有V4R导联ST段抬高,52.1%抬高超过V1～3导联ST段.18例行UCG检查,均表现为右心室扩大及右心室壁节段性运动异常.治疗上要重视扩溶升压,慎用血管扩张剂,21例行溶栓治疗,46例症状缓解,血流动力学稳定,2例死于全心衰竭,抢救成功率95.8%.     

右室心肌梗死的心电图诊断探讨

目的 探讨右室心肌梗死的心电图诊断.方法 选取确诊为右室心肌梗死的患者,进行心电图追踪检查.结果 右胸V3R、V4R、V5R、V6R这四个导联中任何一个导联ST段抬高≥1 mV,为诊断右室心肌梗死的重要依据;若急性下壁心肌梗死患者,合并有V1导联ST段抬高≥1 mV,V2导联ST段压低,或Ⅲ导联ST段抬高程度大于Ⅱ导联...     

对右室心肌梗死的心电图诊断分析

目的：探究与分析右室心肌梗死的心电图诊断特征。方法：选取2011年12月至2013年12月间我院收治的右室心肌梗死患者34例作为研究对象,为其进行心电图检查,并将心电图检查结果的特点及所有患者的临床资料进行回顾性的分析。结果：在心电图检查诊断当中,对于右胸采取的V3R-V6R这四个导联中的任何一个导联出现ST段抬高在1mV以上情况均可诊断为右室心肌梗死。已经被确诊为急性下壁心肌梗死患者,在心电图检查中发现合并有V1导联ST段抬高在1mV以上,V2导联ST段压低,或结果显示Ⅲ导联较Ⅱ导联ST段抬高程度大,均可提高右室心肌梗死诊断的敏感性与特异性。结论：目前临床上主要采用常规十二导联对右室心肌梗死进行心电图诊断,在必要情况下可加做右胸导联检查,目的是为了提高右室心肌梗死的诊断准确率。     

急性右心室心肌梗死48例临床分析

目的探讨急性右心室心肌梗死（ARVI）的临床特征、诊断及治疗要点，提高对其特殊性的认识。方法对48例急性ARVI患者临床资料进行分析。结果与结论患者多有基础疾病、多有诱发因素，具有一般急性心肌梗死的症状，常合并其它部住心肌梗死。体征主要是低血压、颈静脉充盈、三尖瓣听诊区收缩期杂音、右心功能不全、心源性休克、心律失常。全部心电图均有V4R导联ST段抬高，52．1％抬高超过V1-3导联ST段。18例行UCG检查，均表现为右心室扩大及右心室壁节段性运动异常。治疗上要重视扩溶升压，慎用血管扩张剂，21例行溶栓治疗，46例症状缓解，血流动力学稳定，2例死于全心衰竭，抢救成功率95．8％。     

右胸导联变化程度在诊断下壁合并右室心肌梗死的诊断价值

目的证实用标准12导联心电图中Ⅲ导联ST段变化幅度与Ⅲ导联ST段变化幅度的比值≥1诊断下壁合并右室心肌梗死的临床诊断价值。方法对21例根据临床表现,并经冠脉造影证实的急性下壁合并右心室心肌梗死的Ⅲ导联ST段变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段变化幅度的比值,评价该比值≥1在急性下壁合并右心室心肌梗死的诊断价值。结果21例患者的临床症状除有典型的下壁心肌梗死表现外,还有低血压甚至心源性休克等右心室衰竭的症状,经冠状动脉造影证实符合下壁合并右室心肌梗死的诊断。19例心电图中Ⅲ导联ST段变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段变化幅度的比值〉1;其中16例右胸导联V3R—V6R导联ST段变化幅度〉0．1mV,3例ST段抬高但幅度〈0．1mV。2例心电图中Ⅲ导联ST段变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段变化幅度的比值：1;右胸导联V3R—V6R导联中QRS呈qr型,ST段抬高但幅度〈0．1mV。结论用常规12导联心电图中m导联ST段变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段变化幅度的比值≥1,结合临床表现、心肌酶谱的变化以及右胸导联心电图的变化对诊断下壁合并右室心肌梗死具有较好的临床应用价值。     

下壁导联变化程度在诊断下壁合并右室心肌梗死的诊断价值

目的：证实用标准12导联心电图中III导联ST段抬高变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段抬高变化幅度的比值≥1诊断下壁合并右室心肌梗死的临床诊断价值。方法：对21例根据临床表现,并经冠脉造影证实的急性下壁合并右心室心肌梗死的Ⅲ导联ST段抬高变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段抬高变化幅度的比值,评价该比值≥1在急性下壁合并右心室心肌梗死的诊断价值。结果：21例患者的临床症状除有典型的下壁心肌梗死表现外,还有低血压甚至心源性休克等右心室衰竭的症状,经冠状动脉造影证实符合下壁合并右室心肌梗死的诊断。19例心电图中Ⅲ导联ST段抬高变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段抬高变化幅度的比值〉1;其中16例右胸导联V3R～V6R导联ST段抬高变化幅度〉0.1mV,3例ST段抬高但幅度〈0.1mV。2例心电图中Ⅲ导联ST段抬高变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段抬高变化幅度的比值=1;右胸导联V3R～V6R导联中QRS呈qr型,ST段抬高但幅度〈0.1mV。结论：用常规12导联心电图中III导联ST段抬高变化幅度与Ⅱ导联ST段抬高变化幅度的比值≥1,结合临床表现、心肌酶谱的变化以及右胸导联心电图的变化对诊断下壁合并右室心肌梗死具有较好的临床应用价值。     

36例急性心肌梗死的心电图分析

目的探讨急性心肌梗死患者不典型性心电图分析。方法对我院收治的疑似急性心肌梗死患者进行12导联同步心电图检查,对其中心电图表现不具典型性的36例患者进行反复描记,分析和研究36例患者的心电图图像。结果本组36例急性心肌梗死患者心电图均表现不典型,表现形式多样,但大多出现无病理性Q波,有ST抬高,T波直立形成单向曲线,6例出现仅有非特异性ST-T改变,心肌酶谱均有明显升高。结论分析急性心肌梗死患者不典型心电图的表现,能够有效提高心电图对急性心肌梗死的临床诊断水平。     

18导联心电图在心肌梗死诊断中的临床意义

目的探讨18导联心电图在心肌梗死诊断中的临床价值。方法 71例符合ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者,在常规12导联心电图的基础上加做右室导联V3R、V4R、V5R和右胸导联V7、V8、V9,观察附加导联在诊断急性心肌梗死中的价值。结果附加右室和后壁导联提高了急性心肌梗死的敏感性。结论急性心肌梗死的心电图诊断应常规加做右室导联V3R、V4R、V5R和右胸导联V7、V8、V9。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.