对比经皮椎体成形术和经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效

目的:对比经皮椎体成形术和经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析采用经皮椎体成形术(PVP)和经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗的骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折68例,其中30例采用PVP手术治疗为PVP组,38例采用PKP手术治疗为PKP组。记录手术时间、透视次数、骨水泥渗漏发生率和骨水泥灌注量;于术前和术后12个月记录VAS评分、ODI指数、Cobb角、椎体前缘百分比以及末次随访时进行Macnab疗效评价。结果:①PVP组的手术时间和透视次数显著少于PKP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);骨水泥渗漏发生率显著高于PKP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而两组的骨水泥灌注量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②与术前比较,术后两组的VAS评分和ODI指数均显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后两组的VAS评分和ODI指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③与术前比较,术后两组的Cobb角显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),椎体前缘百分比显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后PKP组的Cobb角显著低于PVP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),椎体前缘百分比显著高于PVP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的Macnab疗效等级评价差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:PVP手术和PKP手术均可有效治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,PVP的优势在于手术时间短和透视次数少,PKP的优势在于更好地恢复椎体高度和稳定性,较少发生骨水泥渗漏。     

PKP 与 PVP 在治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折中的疗效对比

目的：比较经皮椎体成形术（ PVP）和经皮椎体后凸成形术（ PKP）治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法66例骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折患者随机分为2组,36例采用PVP术,30例采用PKP术治疗,观察比较2组治疗前后疼痛视觉模拟评分（ VAS）、椎体复位情况等。结果手术均顺利,每组术后VAS及ODI与术前比较有统计学差异（P＜0．05）,同时间点组间比较无统计学差异（P＞0．05）。术后PKP组椎体压缩率和Cobb角较术前明显改善（ P＜0．05）,随访12个月以上,病椎高度恢复较理想,骨水泥少量渗漏10例（ PVP 8例,PKP 2例）。结论 PKP,PVP两种手术方法均在治疗疼痛方面效果明显,且PKP在减少骨水泥渗漏、恢复椎体高度、矫正后凸畸形方面明显要好于PVP。     

微创治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的 探讨采用经皮椎体成形术(PVP)与经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的疗效.方法 2008年3月～2010年5月微创治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折62例,其中29例(35个椎体)采用经皮椎体成形术治疗(PVP组),33例(45个椎体)采用经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗(PKP组).术前及术后3d、12m时进行疼痛视觉类比评分(VAS)和活动能力评分及测量椎体高度和后凸畸形Cobb角的变化,并记录骨水泥渗漏的情况.结果 两组术后3d、12个月时VAS评分与活动能力评分与术前比较均有显著性差异(P＜0.05);两组同时间点比较没有显著性差异(P＞0.05).两组术后3d、12个月时椎体高度与脊柱后凸畸形Cobb角度均较术前明显改善(P＜0.05).两组术后3d、12个月时椎体高度比较有差异,PKP组明显优于PVP组(P＜0.05);PKP组的脊柱后凸畸形Cobb角的矫正度优于PVP组(P＜0.05).PVP组术中骨水泥渗漏5例8个椎体,PKP组2例3个椎体,PKP组骨水泥渗漏率明显低于PVP组(P＜0.05).结论 PVP与PKP均能有效地缓解老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者的疼痛,改善生活质量;PKP能更好地恢复椎体高度与矫正后凸畸形Cobb角,骨水泥渗漏的发生率较低.     

经皮椎体后凸成形术与经皮椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的效果对比探讨

目的:探讨老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者应用经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)与经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗后的疗效。方法:采用随机数字表法将我院109例老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者分组,对照组54例应用PVP治疗,观察组55例给予PKP治疗,对比两组患者治疗后椎体压缩率、Cobb角改善情况、疼痛评分、生活质量及安全性。结果:观察组术后1、6个月Cobb角、椎体压缩率、VAS评分均低于对照组,SF-36评分高于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:PKP术能够更为有效减轻骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者疼痛,恢复脊柱序列,提升患者生活质量,安全性高。     

PKP与PVP治疗骨质疏松性腰椎压缩骨折的比较分析

目的 对比经皮椎体成形术(PVP)和椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性腰椎压缩骨折的效果.方法 对60例骨质疏松性腰椎压缩骨折患者随机分为两组,分别采用经皮椎体成形术和椎体后凸成形术手术,分析两组的VAS疼痛评分、椎体高度压缩率、Cobb角等指标.结果 两组术后各时间点VAS评分、椎体高度压缩率、Cobb角均有明显改善(P＜0.05),椎体后凸成形术组术后的椎体高度压缩率和Cobb角改善情况明显好于经皮椎体成形术组(P＜0.05).结论 经皮椎体成形术与椎体后凸成形术均可显著缓解骨质疏松性腰椎压缩骨折的疼痛,但椎体后凸成形术更有利于恢复椎体高度、后凸畸形矫正及脊柱功能和力线恢复.     

经皮椎体成形术和经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年人骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的效果观察

目的:比较经皮椎体成形术(PVP)及经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗老年人骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的效果。方法:对35例应用PVP和12例应用PKP的骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折,比较2组在VAS评分、SF-36评分、椎体高度、后凸矫正率Cobb’s角的差异。结果:2组患者术后VAS及SF-36评分均较术前明显改善(P<0.01),但2组手术前后变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PKP组患者椎体高度恢复明显优于PVP组(P<0.01),PKP组与PVP组后凸矫正Cobb’s角差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:PVP和PKP治疗老年人骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折各有利弊,可根据患者的实际情况综合考虑究竟是使用PKP还是PVP。     

2种成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折疗效分析

目的比较经皮椎体成形术(PVP)和经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)对胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折的疗效,并分析相关影响因素。方法选择解放军第188医院收治的骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折患者共176例,根据治疗方式不同将患者分为PVP组102例及PKP组74例。比较2组患者手术时间、住院时间、骨水泥注射量、Cobb角及治疗有效率,视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估2组手术前后疼痛情况,分析影响PVP治疗的相关因素。结果 PVP组患者手术时间、住院时间均显著短于PKP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组术后24 h及术后1个月VAS评分均显著低于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组术后Cobb角均较术前显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组治疗有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。行PVP治疗、病程<6个月的患者治疗有效率(98.4%)显著高于病程≥6个月的患者(73.6%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PVP治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折的疗效明显优于PKP;病程长短会影响PVP的治疗效果。     

椎体成形术与椎体后凸成形术手术在陈旧性骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效分析

目的分析椎体成形术(PVP)与椎体后凸成形术(PKP)手术在陈旧性骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效。方法选取2012年12月—2016年8月间在鹤山市中医院收治的100例陈旧性骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的患者临床资料作为研究对象,按照入院顺序随机分为PVP组与PKP组,每组患者均为50例。结果 PVP组手术时间、手术费用、骨水泥渗漏率、中柱高度恢复率、术后一年伤椎高度丢失与PKP组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术前,两组患者的视觉疼痛模拟评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);手术后1 d,PVP组视觉疼痛模拟评分与PKP组视觉疼痛模拟评分显著低于手术前(P<0.05)。结论 PVP在陈旧性骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者中的治疗效果显著高于PKP。     

经皮椎体后凸成形术骨水泥渗漏的分析

目的 研究经皮椎体后凸成形术后骨水泥渗漏与术后疼痛的关系。方法 对2013年1月至2016年11月期间接受经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗且随访成功的120例胸腰椎骨折患者进行回顾性分析,根据患者的术后X线片显示骨水泥分布情况分为渗漏组(n=34)、非渗漏组(n=86),比较两组患者手术前后的VAS疼痛评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、椎体高度以及Cobb角。结果 两组患者手术3d后VAS评分均明显低于手术前(P<0.05);渗漏组手术后1、3个月的VAS评分与非渗漏组相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);渗漏组手术后3d的VAS评分明显高于非渗漏组(P<0.05);两组手术后3个月的ODI、椎体高度、Cobb角均明显改善(P<0.05),且两组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);骨水泥渗漏与术后疼痛呈正相关(r=0.427,P<0.05),与术后ODI(r=0.152)、椎体高度(r=0.183)、Cobb角(r=0.145)均无线性相关。结论 经皮椎体后凸成形术后骨水泥渗漏可能会加重术后近期疼痛程度,但对术后远期疼痛情况、疗效均无明显的影响。     

椎体成形术与椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的效果比较

目的分析不同方法治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床效果。方法选择2011年10月至2014年11月阳江市中医医院收治的骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者122例,随机将其分成PKP组和PVP组,每组61例。PKP组患者采用椎体后凸成形术治疗,PVP组患者采用椎体成形术治疗,观察两组患者治疗效果及各项指标情况。结果两组患者疼痛评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组单个椎体手术时间、骨水泥注入量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),PVP组患者骨水泥渗漏率高于PKP组(P<0.05)。结论相比于椎体后凸成形术,椎体成形术的单个椎体手术时间、骨水泥注入时间方面更具优势,而椎体后凸成形术的骨水泥渗漏发生率较低。因此临床医生应该根据患者的具体情况选择最佳治疗方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.