B型超声检查诊断玻璃体后脱离的应用

目的探讨B型超声检查诊断玻璃体后脱离（PVD）的临床意义。方法根据术前B型超声检查结果诊断为PVD者26例和非PVD44例，玻璃体切割术中应用曲安耐德（TA）辅助玻璃体后皮质可视化，以术中所见的PVD为诊断标准，分析评估B型超声诊断PVD的价值。结果玻璃体切割术中TA辅助玻璃体后皮质可视化发现的PVD29例，非PVD41例，B型超声诊断PVD的符合率为87．14％，分型符合率为71．42％。结论B型超声检查是玻璃体后脱离的重要诊断方法，病情的多变性和黄斑区特殊结构是其诊断失误的重要原因。     

玻璃体后脱离及其所致周边视网膜裂孔的早期治疗

目的 探讨玻璃体后脱离(PVD)所致周边视网膜裂孔早期诊治对其预后的影响.方法 对25例25只眼由PVD所致周边视网膜裂孔作一临床分析.所有病例均行三面镜检查周边眼底,+90D前置镜观察眼球运动时玻璃体的状态.采用多波长激光或冷凝治疗周边视网膜裂孔,巩膜外加压与扣带治疗孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD).结果 7例(7只眼)PVD年龄高于50岁,18例(18只眼)因高度近视所致者年龄在50岁以下.18例中、青年人周边视网膜裂孔应用多波长激光光凝,6例老年人用巩膜冷凝术,唯1例老人并发RRD应用巩膜外加压及扣带术治疗,所有治疗患眼都获得了较好的视力预后.结论 由PVD患者引起的周边视网膜裂孔发生率随年龄增长或近视屈光度而增加,预防性治疗是安全、有效和必需的.     

Dispase诱发兔眼玻璃体后脱离的效果和安全性评价

目的 采用Dispase在兔眼中诱导完全性PVD形成，评价其效果和安全性。方法 选择健康成年的青紫蓝兔30只，随机分成5组，采用玻璃体内注射，分别注射Dispase0.005U,0.0125U(2组），0.025U,0.05U/0.05ml,PBS0.05ml注射到另一只内作为对照。术前术后眼底镜，裂隙灯和VOLK 90D随访观察。并进行B超和视网膜电图（ERG）检查，最后取眼球对视网膜进行扫描电镜和透射电镜观察。结果 注射Dispase≥0.0125U可见玻璃体后脱离，部分伴有不同程度的眼底出血：B型超声检查见玻璃体混浊和后脱离；术后电生理检查，0.005U和0.0125U组ERG没有变化，≥0.025U，部分出现ERG振幅下降；对照组没有以上改变。结论 Dispase0.0125U可以在兔眼中成功，安全诱发完全性玻璃体后脱离（PVD），更大剂量同样有效。但是有一定毒性作用。     

玻璃体后脱离临床和超微结构诊断

目的：通过临床、B超和扫描电镜检查玻璃体后脱离（posterior vitreous detachment,PVD)情况，评价各种检查手段诊断PVD的价值。方法：16只新西兰白兔随机分为A、B、C三组各6、6、4只兔，均以右眼 为实验眼，左眼为对照。A组实验眼玻璃体腔内注射纤溶酶0．1ml 1U联合透明质酸酶20U，B组注射0.1ml纤溶酶1U，C组注射透明质酸酶20U， 所有对照眼玻璃体腔内注射0．1mlBSS液。术后7天内裂隙灯前置镜、直接检眼镜、B超观察PVD，术后7天摘除眼球扫描电镜检查PVD。结果：A组实验眼临床诊断完全性PVD66.7%（4／6），B超诊断完全性PVD87．5％（5／6），扫描电镜确诊完全性PVD100％（6／6）。临床和B超诊断之间及它们分别与扫描电镜诊断PVD的非参数Z检验无明显差异（分别P＝0．180，P＝0．317，P＝0．157）。B组实验眼临床检查无PVD（0／6）。B超仅发现一例部分性PVD（1／6），扫描电镜确诊部分性PVD87．5％（5／6），一例完全性PVD。临床和B超诊断的非参数Z检验无明显差异（P＝0．317）， 它们分别与扫描电镜诊断部分性PVD的非参数Z检验差异显著（分别P＝0．020，P＝0．034）。C组临床、B超及扫描电镜诊断均无PVD。结论：临床结合B超检查对于诊断伴有玻璃体液化的PVD是一种安全、方便、经济及可靠性较好的手段。扫描电镜由于能精确分辨玻璃体后界膜及视网膜内界膜组成结构及粘连情况，是证实PVD最可靠的手段。     

B型超声在急性玻璃体后脱离的诊断应用

目的探讨B型超声在急性玻璃体后脱离（PVD）的诊断价值。方法应用B型超声诊断技术对434例（434只眼）急性PVD患者进行检查、分析,根据PVD的声像图特点分为完全性和不完全性PVD。结果完全性PVD 289只眼（占66.59%）,而不完全性PVD 145只眼（占33.41%）,其中有28只眼合并少量玻璃体出血,仔细寻找发现裂孔19只眼,给予裂孔周边视网膜光凝,术后随访6个月无复发。结论 B型超声检查可以准确地诊断急性PVD,在玻璃体视网膜疾病的病程和预后中起重要的作用。     

玻璃体后脱离及其并发症的发病机制

在衰老过程中,玻璃体液化和玻璃体视网膜界面改变可诱发玻璃体后脱离(posterior vitreous detachment,PVD).不完全PVD及异常PVD通过玻璃体视网膜牵拉作用以及容量和化学转移可引起视网膜裂孔、孔源性视网膜脱离、视网膜前膜、黄斑水肿、年龄相关性黄斑变性、黄斑裂孔、玻璃体黄斑牵拉综合征等一系列并发症.为防止这些并发症进一步加重,减轻疾病恶化的风险,可以提前诱导完全性PVD或者采用玻璃体切除手术.目前药物性玻璃体融解术已进入临床前期研究,非酶试剂等非侵入性的治疗方法也在探索阶段.     

2型糖尿病视网膜病变激光光凝术后玻璃体后脱离变化的观察

目的 观察2型糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者经全视网膜激光光凝(PRP)治疗前后玻璃体后脱离(PVD)情况的变化,探讨PRP治疗对玻璃体后界膜脱离的影响.方法 前瞻性对照研究对2014年1月～2014年7月在安徽医科大学附属省立医院眼科经眼底荧光素血管造影(FFA)检查确诊为重度NPDR或PDR且符合PRP指征的患者25例46只眼纳入研究.与患者年龄匹配的正常人20名40只眼作为正常对照组.所有患眼均行常规PRP治疗前,采用眼科20M高频探头B超、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)、90D前置镜裂隙灯下观察Weiss环相结合的方法,对正常对照组及PRP术前及术后3月的患眼进行检测,对比观察治疗前后患眼的PVD形成情况.应用SPSS12.0软件进行统计分析,计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用X2检验和Fisher's确切概率法.以P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 两组患者在年龄、性别、眼轴长度组间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),PRP术后1周后,PRP组玻璃体脱离明显增加,与对照组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);结论 DR患眼PRP术后1周PVD发生率明显增加,PRP是有效的促进玻璃体后界膜安全脱离的糖尿病视网膜病变患者的治疗方法.     

玻璃体后脱离及其所致周边视网膜裂孔的早期治疗

目的 探讨玻璃体后脱离(PVD)所致周边视网膜裂孔早期诊治对其预后的影响.方法 对25例25只眼由PVD所致周边视网膜裂孔作一临床分析.所有病例均行三面镜检查周边眼底,+90D前置镜观察眼球运动时玻璃体的状态.采用多波长激光或冷凝治疗周边视网膜裂孔,巩膜外加压与扣带治疗孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD).结果 7例(7只眼)PVD年龄高于50岁,18例(18只眼)因高度近视所致者年龄在50岁以下.18例中、青年人周边视网膜裂孔应用多波长激光光凝,6例老年人用巩膜冷凝术,唯1例老人并发RRD应用巩膜外加压及扣带术治疗,所有治疗患眼都获得了较好的视力预后.结论 由PVD患者引起的周边视网膜裂孔发生率随年龄增长或近视屈光度而增加,预防性治疗是安全、有效和必需的.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effect of early diagnosis and treatment on the prognosis of peripheral retinal breaks caused by posterior vitreous detachment(PVD). Methods Twenty-five cases(25 eyes)with peripheral retinal breaks caused by PVD were analyzed. The vitreous conditions of 25 eyes were examined biomicroscopically with a +90D present lens(slitlamp indirect ophthalmoscope)and a Goldman three mirror contact lens. Peripheral retinal breaks were treated with laser photocoagulation or scleral cryotherapy,and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)with explant and scleral buckling surgery. Results Seven cases(7 eyes)with PVD were related with age over 50 years old and 18 cases(18 eyes)due to their higher myopia with lower than 50 years old. Peripheral retinal breaks in 18 patients of juniority were treated by laser photocoagulation and in 6 senile patients by scleral cryotherapy. Only one senile patient complicated with RRD was treated by explant and scleral buckling surgery. All treated eyes received favorable visual prognosis on them. Conclusions The prevalence of peripheral retinal breaks caused by patient with PVD increase with patient's age and degree of myopia. Preventive treatment is safe, effective and necessary.     

纤溶酶联合透明质酸酶最佳组合诱导玻璃体后脱离的研究

目的 探讨纤溶酶联合透明质酸酶诱导大鼠玻璃体后脱离(posterior vitreous detachment,PVD)的有效性和安全性,确定纤溶酶和透明质酸酶联合应用的最佳浓度,为下一步进行药物玻璃体溶解术后白内障动物模型的药物剂量选择提供依据.方法 健康SD大鼠18只随机分为A、B、c 3组,每组6只,右眼均为实验眼,左眼为对照眼.A组实验眼玻璃体内注射纤溶酶0.15 U+透明质酸酶5 U,B组注射纤溶酶0.25 U+透明质酸酶5 U,C组注射纤溶酶0.50 U+透明质酸酶5 U,左眼玻璃体内均注射眼用平衡盐液10 μL.注药前后常规行裂隙灯、直接眼底镜检查观察眼部一般情况,7 d后处死动物并摘取眼球标本做扫描电子显微镜检查和组织病理切片检查,观察玻璃体视网膜内界膜和视网膜组织结构的情况.结果 各组实验眼裂隙灯检查均未发现明显眼内炎症反应.扫描电子显微镜结果显示,各组实验眼均有不同程度PVD的发生,其中A组出现部分性PVD占5/6,完全性PVD占1/6;B组出现部分性PVD占1/3,完全性PVD占2/3;C组均出现完全性PVD,发生率为100%;对照眼均未见PVD发生.A、B、C 3组实验眼出现完全性PVD的总发生率为61.1%(11/18),与3组对照眼(0/18)相比,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.001).C组实验眼出现完全性PVD的发生率为100%(6/6)与A组实验眼16.67%(1/6)比较,差异也有统计学意义(P=0.015).光学显微镜检查各组注射眼均未发现视网膜组织结构的异常改变.结论 玻璃体内联合注射0.50 U纤溶酶和5 U透明质酸酶诱导玻璃体液化和完全性PVD发生的效果最好,对眼内组织无明显的毒性作用.     

光学相干断层扫描评价高度近视黄斑裂孔伴视网膜脱离的玻璃体手术疗效

目的 光学相干断层扫描(Optical Coherence Tomography，OCT)评价高度近视黄斑裂孔伴视网膜脱离行玻璃体手术的疗效。方法 回顾性分析17例(17眼)高度近视黄斑裂孔伴视网膜脱离行玻璃体切除术的住院病史资料，术后平均随访10月，所有病例均行以下检查：OCT、裂隙灯生物显微镜、三面镜、90D前置镜、验光。结果 术后OCT表现有3种：黄斑裂孔闭合2眼(11．8％)，黄斑裂孔未闭合但视网膜复位12眼(70．6％)，黄斑裂孔未闭合伴视网膜浅脱离3眼(17．6％)。预后情况与黄斑区色素上皮和脉络膜的健康状况以及黄斑裂孔的大小有关。结论 高度近视黄斑裂孔伴视网膜脱离行玻璃体手术的裂孔闭合率低。OCT是术后随访的有效手段。     

孔源性视网膜脱离中玻璃体后脱离的诊断评价

Objective To investigate the prevalence of complete posterior vitreous detachment in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment （RRD） patients and to evaluate the following diagnostic tests： fundus examination， B-scan ultrasound and optical coherence tomography （OCT）. Methods Thirty patients （30 eyes） with RRD who underwent vitrectomy in Shanghai First People′s Hospital were included in this prospective case-series study. Patients received comprehensive ocular examinations that included fundus examination， B-scan ultrasound and OCT. TA stain （triamcinolone acetonide） was used to assist during the vitrectomy surgery as well as being the gold standard for PVD diagnosis. Data were analyzed using a Kappa test. Results The rate of detection for the prevalence of complete PVD was as follows： 10.0% by TA stain， 76.7% by B-scan， 36.7% by fundus examination and 13.3% by OCT. Different rates of PVD detection were found by the above examinations and， of these， the difference was most significant between B-scan and observation during surgery. Conclusion Observation during surgery with the help of TA is comparatively the most persuasive diagnostic method for PVD. Different examination methods can be selected for individual cases.     

Intravitreal triamcinolone staining observation of residual undetached cortical vitreous after posterior vitreous detachment

AIMS: To study the pattern of residual undetached cortical vitreous (RCV) after posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to examine the relationship between RCV and the development of epiretinal membrane (ERM). METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in 33 consecutive patients with clinically evident PVD who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for RRD. During vitrectomy, triamcinolone acetonide (0.2 cm(3), 10 mg/cm(3)) was applied to stain the RCV. The pattern of the staining were recorded. The formation of postoperative ERM was correlated with the staining pattern of RCV. Each case was followed for at least 6 months. RESULTS: In all, 23 of the 33 patients had RCV of variable size, with a single stain patch observed in 13 patients and multiple patches in seven patients. Large circumferential areas of staining at the mid-periphery were noted in three patients. A total of 10 cases had staining over the fovea and five patients had staining over the disc. ERM developed in seven patients during follow-up. None corresponded to RCV. CONCLUSION: RCV is common in eyes with PVD and RRD. The macula and disc area are the most frequent locations for these vitreous islands. The relationship between RCV and ERM remains to be investigated.     

Missed retinal breaks in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

AIM: To evaluate the causes and associations of missed retinal breaks (MRBs) and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). METHODS: Case sheets of patients undergoing vitreo retinal surgery for RRD at a tertiary eye care centre were evaluated retrospectively. Out of the 378 records screened, 253 were included for analysis of MRBs and 191 patients were included for analysis of PVD, depending on the inclusion criteria. Features of RRD and retinal breaks noted on examination were compared to the status of MRBs and PVD detected during surgery for possible associations. RESULTS: Overall, 27% patients had MRBs. Retinal holes were commonly missed in patients with lattice degeneration while missed retinal tears were associated with presence of complete PVD. Patients operated for cataract surgery were significantly associated with MRBs (P=0.033) with the odds of missing a retinal break being 1.91 as compared to patients with natural lens. Advanced proliferative vitreo retinopathy (PVR) and retinal bullae were the most common reasons for missing a retinal break during examination. PVD was present in 52% of the cases and was wrongly assessed in 16%. Retinal bullae, pseudophakia/aphakia, myopia, and horse shoe retinal tears were strongly associated with presence of PVD. Traumatic RRDs were rarely associated with PVD. CONCLUSION: Pseudophakic patients, and patients with retinal bullae or advanced PVR should be carefully screened for MRBs. Though Weiss ring is a good indicator of PVD, it may still be over diagnosed in some cases. PVD is associated with retinal bullae and pseudophakia, and inversely with traumatic RRD.     

玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射治疗孔源性视网膜脱离

目的 探讨玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德(TA)玻璃体腔内注射治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的临床疗效和安全性.方法 观察采用玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离15例患者(15眼),术后不再全身应用糖皮质激素,仅给予激素眼液点眼.结果 术后随访时间6～30个月,平均(19±9.5)个月.一次手术视网膜复位率100%.术后3个月硅油取出后,2例视网膜脱离复发,1例再次剥膜充填硅油后视网膜复位;另1例放弃治疗.视网膜总复位率为93.3%(14/15).术后并发症包括:4例术后眼压升高,均局部用药控制,5例出现晶状体后囊下皮质局限性混浊.结论 玻璃体切除联合(TA)玻璃体腔内注射治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离,可以明显减轻术后葡萄膜炎症反应,从而减少PVR的发生,显著提高手术的成功率.     

OCT与眼科B超联合在玻璃体后脱离检测中的应用

目的 探讨光学相干断层扫描(OCT)联合眼科B超在检测玻璃体后脱离(PVD)中的应用价值.方法 将305例(607只眼)青壮年近视患者利用OCT、眼部B超进行PVD检测,利用SPSS17.0统计软件计算两种方法单独和联合应用检出率,并对两种方法检出的差异性和一致性进行分析.结果 OCT检测PVD阳性共155只眼,检出率为25.54%,B超检测PVD阳性共83只眼,检出率为13.67%,两种方法联合共检测PVD阳性161只眼,检出率为26.52%.差异性分析中OCT法PVD检出率高于B超法,差异有统计学意义(X2=_61.714,P＜0.05).一致性分析中Kappa值为0.571,并进行U检验(u=15.077,P-0.000),显示Kappa值受机遇影响较小.结论 OCT法对青壮年近视患者PVD的检出率明显优于眼科B超,两种方法联合应用可进一步提高PVD的检出率.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the value of optical coherence tomography combined with B-scan testing in posterior vitreous detachment. Methods A total of 305 young adult cases (607 eyes)with myopia were examined for posterior vitreous detachment by optical coherence tomography and B-scan. The detection rates by single and combined method were accounted by SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis software, and the difference and the consistency between two methods were analyzed. Results Of 155 eyes were detected by OCT, and 83 eyes were detected by B-scan, whereas 161 eyes were detected by combined methods, the detection rate was 25.54%, 13.67%, 26.52%, respectively.The detection rate by OCT was higher than that by B-scan, and the difference between two methods had statistical significance in variability analysis (X2=61.714, P＜0.05). The Kappa value was 0.571 in consistency analysis, and the consequence of u test manifested that the kappa value had been seldom influenced by chance element (u =15.077, P =0.000). Conclusions OCT has more apparent advantage than B-scan in detecting PVD in young adult myopia. The two methods combined together can further rise up the detection rate of PVD.     

累及黄斑的视网膜脱离术后5a的视功能和光学相干断层扫描的分析

目的:观察累及黄斑区视网膜脱离巩膜扣带术后的黄斑光学相干断层扫描(OCT)图像及术前和术后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)之间的关系的研究。方法:回顾分析5a随访的47例47眼累及黄斑区视网膜脱离患者,并将其分成两组:黄斑脱离≤7d组和>7d组。间接眼底镜行眼底检查,并行TOPCON光学相干断层扫描。结果:患者47例术后5a较术后3mo平均术后BCVA增加1.60±0.02行。≤7d组术后5a的BCVA为0.53,>7d组为0.25,两组之间有显著差异(P=0.008)。≤7d组术后BCVA≥0.4者28例,而>7d组术后BCVA≥0.4者7例(P<0.01)。5a术后随访间接检眼镜检查表明,视网膜脱离均复位。而OCT显示视网膜下液1眼(2%),黄斑区神经上皮层组织堆积1眼(2%),这2例患者术后5a的平均视力只有0.13,明显低于其他45例,术后5a平均BCVA视力为0.54(P=0.025)。术后视网膜较厚组BCVA明显高于视网膜较薄的组,并有统计学差异(P=0.008)。结论:累及黄斑的视网膜脱离时间对术后视力的恢复有很大影响,呈负相关,同时术后视力在较长时间里仍会不同程度的提高,术后视网膜的厚度与术后视力呈正相关性。我们建议对于某些术后复位良好而视力不佳者进行OCT扫描,以便发现视力不佳的原因。本研究对临床预测评估累及黄斑的视网膜脱离复位术后,潜在视功能恢复的情况提供依据。     

玻璃体切除联合空气填充治疗下方裂孔的孔源性视网膜脱离的短期疗效

目的 尝试应用玻璃体切除联合玻璃体腔空气填充治疗下方裂孔的孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD),观察其可行性.设计 回顾性病例系列.研究对象 2017年6月至2020年10月间在南京爱尔眼科医院接受23G经睫状体平坦部三通道行微创玻璃体切除术(PPV)联合玻璃体腔无菌空气填充治疗的下方裂孔的RRD患者45例(45眼).方法 所有...     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术对青壮年近视患者玻璃体后脱离的影响

目的 探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（ LASIK）对青壮年近视患者玻璃体后脱离（PVD）的影响.方法 前瞻性系列病例研究.利用光学相干断层扫描（OCT）结合眼部B超对305例（607眼）青壮年近视患者于LASIK术前,术后1 d、1个月、3个月、6个月进行PVD检测,观察术后不同时间点PVD发生率的变化.并对术前OCT证实的PVD阳性眼进行术后黄斑周围四方位PVD高度、范围的检测与量化分析.数据采用x2检验、单因素方差分析、Friedman秩和检验进行处理.结果 LASIK术前及术后1 d、1个月、3个月、6个月,PVD发生率分别为26.5％、31.8％、32.0％、33.2％、34.7％,差异有统计学意义（x2=10.462,P＜O.05）,而术后不同时间点PVD发生率差异无统计学意义.相比术前,上方PVD高度在术后1个月开始增高,差异有统计学意义（F=4.056,P＜0.05）,其他各方位PVD高度术后差异无统计学意义.术后不同时间点之间黄斑区上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧PVD高度变化差异无统计学意义.术后黄斑区上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧方位PVD近点距（ND）均有减小（M=321.0、102.8、113.8、228.5,P均＜0.05）,远点距（FD）均有增大（M=276.1、139.8、157.6、204.7,P均＜0.05）.上方、颞侧FD在术后6个月时仍有增大趋势,其他各方位ND、FD变化趋势在术后6个月内趋于稳定.结论 青壮年近视患者LASIK术后短时期内可诱发PVD产生,并能使PVD脱离的高度增高、范围扩大.     

Anatomical findings of vitreoretinal interface in eyes with asteroid hyalosis

Purpose  To investigate the anatomical features of vitreoretinal interface in eyes with asteroid hyalosis (AH) with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TA) during vitreous surgery. Methods  This study was an interventional clinical case series. Records relating to ten eyes from ten patients who underwent a TA-assisted vitrectomy for the treatment of diverse vitreoretinal diseases complicated with AH. The posterior vitreoretinal interface was examined by preoperative OCT and by intraoperative visualization of posterior vitreous cortex utilizing TA. Results  In eight of ten AH eyes, preoperative OCT revealed abnormal vitreoretinal adhesions. In four of these eight eyes, posterior vitreoschisis could be seen on OCT. In the other four of these eight eyes, a clear no posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) pattern could be seen on OCT. Although posterior vitreous cortex could not be clearly identified with preoperative OCT in two of ten AH eyes, a complete PVD was refuted by intraoperative visualization of the posterior vitreous cortex with TA identical to the other eight eyes. Conclusion  These results indicate that complete PVD appears to be unlikely to occur in eyes with AH. In addition, spontaneous PVD in eyes with AH might lead to vitreoschisis or residual whole layer or posterior vitreous cortex, possibly due to anomalous vitreoretinal adhesion.     

玻璃体不全后脱离所致视网膜病变的光学相干断层扫描观察

目的分析玻璃体不全后脱离的光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)图像特征,探讨玻璃体不全后脱离与所引发的玻璃体视网膜病变的关系。方法对81例(86只眼)玻璃体不全后脱离患者进行眼科常规检查、B型超声检查和OCT检查,并对所获得的OCT图像进行分析,观察玻璃体视网膜界面的异常图像特征。结果27只眼显示特发性玻璃体黄斑牵引综合征;25只眼显示特发性黄斑前膜;25只眼显示后界膜牵拉导致特发性黄斑板层裂孔及全层黄斑裂孔形成;9只眼显示玻璃体后界膜与黄斑部及视盘周视网膜神经上皮层多处牵拉粘连。结论OCT能够直观的显示玻璃体不全后脱离与所引发的黄斑部视网膜病变的进展变化,并可进行定量、定性分析与鉴别诊断。