异丙酚静脉麻醉硬性膀胱镜检查的临床研究

目的　研究应用异丙酚静脉辅助麻醉下硬性膀胱镜检查的效果和安全性。方法　将 80例患者随机分为观察组 (40例 ,给予异丙酚静脉全麻加尿道表面麻醉 )与对照组 (40例 ,仅给予尿道表面麻醉 ) ,对两组患者的血压、心率、血氧饱和度、检查时间、并发症和检查后患者尿路刺激症状消失的时间和患者满意度进行观察。结果　观察组检查时间、检查后尿路刺激症状消失的时间和满意度均优于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而两组检查前、后生命体征无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　静脉麻醉下进行硬性膀胱镜检是一种操作简便、易于被患者接受、安全有效的检查方法。     

舒适护理对膀胱镜检查患者疼痛、焦虑的影响

目的探讨舒适护理方法对膀胱镜检查患者疼痛和焦虑的影响。方法将509例接受膀胱镜检查的患者,随机分为试验组（259例）和对照组（250例）。对照组实施传统的常规护理,试验组在检查前、中、后实施舒适护理,比较2组检查时疼痛程度分级和焦虑值。结果试验组疼痛程度明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）,试验组焦虑值明显低于对照组（P〈0.001）。结论舒适护理可以减轻膀胱镜检查患者疼痛和焦虑程度。     

异丙酚静脉麻醉下行硬性膀胱镜检查的观察与护理

膀胱镜检查是泌尿外科疾病诊断的重要方法,由于检查有一定痛苦,造成患者身心不适,影响操作的顺利进行[1]。我院自2004年4月起开展了异丙酚静脉麻醉下行硬性膀胱镜检查,大大减少了患者因不能耐受痛苦而引起的不适反应,有利于疾病的及时诊断和彻底治疗。在整个操作过程患者无记忆、无任何痛苦。现将异丙酚静脉麻醉下行硬性膀胱镜检查过程中的观察和护理报告如下:1临床资料48例需做硬性膀胱镜检查、自愿接受异丙酚静脉麻醉的男性患者,年龄21￣84岁,平均52.38岁;其中血尿待查19例,膀胱肿瘤16例,尿路结石6例,逆行插管7例。2观察与护理2.1术前准备…     

心理干预对膀胱镜检查患者疼痛的影响

目的探讨心理干预对膀胱镜检查患者疼痛的影响。方法选择2016年12月-2017年11月来本科室做膀胱镜检查的205例患者作为研究对象,并分为干预组和对照组,两组均接受膀胱镜检查的常规护理,干预组在接受膀胱镜检查常规护理的同时接受心理干预护理。比较两组疼痛有效率及护理满意度。结果干预组疼痛总有效率高于对照组;满意度高于对照组,两组对比差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论心理干预护理对膀胱镜检查患者疼痛有显著影响,可以帮助患者缓解疼痛,提高护理质量,提高患者的满意度,值得临床应用。     

膀胱镜检查中NBAS-APS模式的临床应用

目的探讨以护士为基础、以检查医师为督导的疼痛管理模式（NBAS-APS）在膀胱镜检查中的应用效果。方法按检查顺序将120例行膀胱镜检查患者分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用NBAS-APS管理模式。比较两组患者的疼痛强度以及对检查的满意度。结果引入NBAS-APS模式后,观察组疼痛强度明显低于对照组（z=9.16,P〈0.01）,检查满意情况明显优于对照组（z=7.97,P〈0.01）。结论 NBAS-APS管理模式能有效提高镇痛效果和患者的满意度。     

舒适护理在膀胱镜检查中的应用

[目的]探讨舒适护理在膀胱镜检查中的作用.[方法]2007年5月-2008年3月采用膀胱镜检查常规护理的77例病人作为对照组,2008年4月-2008年12月采用舒适护理的84例病人作为试验组,比较两组病人在膀胱镜检查中的疼痛程度.[结果]试验组病人疼痛程度明显低于对照组.[结论]舒适护理顺应和完善了整体护理的内涵,对膀胱镜检查病人的疼痛程度有积极的影响,值得推广应用.     

舒泰在膀胱镜检查术中的应用

目的 观察舒泰在膀胱镜检查中的麻醉效果,提高膀胱镜检查一次成功率。方法 将80例需做膀胱镜检查的患者随机分为两组各40例。实验组在插入镜鞘前5min先将4.5ml舒泰挤入尿道,然后再将0.5ml舒泰涂抹于镜鞘上缓慢插入尿道进行检查;对照组采用利多卡因麻醉,按常规方法检查。观察两组患者膀胱镜的一次插入成功率及患者行膀胱镜检查时的主观感受和满意度等指标。结果 实验组膀胱镜检查过程无严重胀痛不适,一次成功率高,患者满意率明显高于对照组。结论 舒泰可明显减轻患者膀胱镜检的痛苦反应,提高一次成功率,且安全方便。     

舒适护理对膀胱镜检查患者疼痛、焦虑的影响

目的探讨舒适护理方法对膀胱镜检查患者疼痛和焦虑的影响。方法将509例接受膀胱镜检查的患者,随机分为试验组（259例）和对照组（250例）。对照组实施传统的常规护理,试验组在检查前、中、后实施舒适护理,比较2组检查时疼痛程度分级和焦虑值。结果试验组疼痛程度明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）,试验组焦虑值明显低于对照组（P〈0.001）。结论舒适护理可以减轻膀胱镜检查患者疼痛和焦虑程度。     

个性化背景音乐在膀胱镜检查中的应用

目的 探讨个性化背景音乐护理干预在膀胱镜检查过程中的作用.方法 将门诊首次进行膀胱镜检查患者82例随机分两组,对照组40例常规护理干预,音乐组42例采用常规护理干预结合播放个性化背景音乐.比较两组患者疼痛指数,操作时间,检查前、检查中、检查后的心率、收缩压的变化情况及患者的配合程度.结果 实验组疼痛指数明显小于对照组（P＜0.05）,操作时间缩短（P＜0.05）,检查中、检查后的心率、收缩压波动幅度明显小于对照组（P＜0.05）,配合程度明显提高（P＜0.05）.结论 在膀胱镜检查中运用个性化背景音乐,可融洽护患关系,提高患者的依从性,稳定情绪,降低不适感,有利诊治过程顺利、高效完成,且简单易行,值得临床推广.     

膀胱镜检查患者舒适护理的探讨

目的 :探讨舒适护理在膀胱镜检查患者中的作用。方法 :将 96例接受膀胱镜检查的患者随机分为实验组和对照组各 48例 ,实验组在检查前、中、后实施舒适护理 ,对照组实施传统的常规护理 ,比较两组检查时疼痛程度分级和膀胱镜插入膀胱成功率的差异。结果 :实验组疼痛程度明显低于对照组 (P <0. 0 1) ,实验组插镜成功率高于对照组 (P <0 . 0 5 )。结论 :舒适护理在膀胱镜检查中的运用 ,调整了患者的身心状况 ,提高了舒适程度 ,体现了以人为本的护理宗旨     

患者参与观察对膀胱镜检疼痛的影响

目的 分析患者参与观察对门诊接受膀胱镜检患者产生的疼痛度的影响.方法 取在中南大学湘雅二医院门诊因各种原因接受硬式膀胱镜检的患者共86例,随机分为检查过程中被允许与医生一道观察术中镜检情况和不被允许两组.检查结束后,即刻使用视觉模拟评分表(VAS 0-10分)对镜检过程进行疼痛测评.结果 42例检查过程中被允许通过观看监视器观察术中镜检画面(A组),44例检查过程中不被允许观看监视器(B组).两组患者在检查结束后对镜检过程的VAS评分分别为A组平均2.02分,B组平均3.82分.结论 接受膀胱镜检的患者,在检查过程中能够被允许观察术中镜检过程图像的患者所经受的痛苦程度较不被允许术中观察的要轻.该方法简单经济,容易施行,值得推广.     

Recent onset vs. persistent pain: evidence for a distinction

Evidence for a distinction between chronic and recent onset pain on behavioural and subjective indices was reviewed. Pain behaviours and subjective indices of pain were studied in chronic and recent onset low back pain sufferers. No differences were found between chronic and acute sufferers on measures of pain behaviour, nor on subjective indices of pain. However, differences were found in the relationships between the subjective and behavioural indices of pain in these groups. Pain behaviours were found to be independent of the subjective pain experience in recent onset pain. The relationships between subjective pain experience and pain behaviour became stronger with increased pain duration. The relationships between behavioural dimensions of pain weakened with chronicity, as did the relationship between subjective pain dimensions. These findings were discussed in relation to current accounts of chronic and recent onset pain and their implications for both theory and treatment were considered.     

Semi-rigid vs rigid glass fibre casting: a biomechanical assessment

OBJECTIVES: To determine if semi-rigid synthetic casts provide any measurable advantages compared to rigid synthetic casts. BACKGROUND: Glass fibre bandages are now commonly applied immediately post-injury to provide rigid immobilisation of the limb, for both weight bearing and non-weight bearing casts. However, composite casts that have inherent flexibility are also available and it is claimed they provide some functionality. METHODS: Five members of the orthopaedic department each applied a rigid and a semi-rigid below elbow (Colles) and a below knee walking cast to a single volunteer subject. Joint immobilisation and functional movement was assessed using electrogoniometry and limb support using pressure transducers. RESULTS: Semi-rigid Colles casts provided slightly greater immobilisation at the wrist while allowing full finger function and greater support to the forearm during hand movements. Similarly, semi-rigid below knee walking casts produced greater immobilisation at the ankle while allowing more forefoot movement and were less of an impediment to walking. CONCLUSIONS: Semi-rigid casting techniques have measurable advantages compared to rigid synthetic casts and represent a further development in the conservative management of fractures and soft tissue injuries. RELEVANCE: Semi-rigid casting is a relatively new technique that can reduce some of the problems of rigid cast immobilisation and could potentially shorten the rehabilitation phase following injury. Information about the performance of these casts to assess their value in specific applications is very limited.     

Counterstimulation and pain perception: effects of electrocutaneous vs. auditory stimulation upon cold pressor pain

This study tested the hypothesis that distraction from a painful stimulus is best achieved by concurrent presentation of a similar stimulus. Specifically, it was hypothesized that pain perception would be interfered with, and thus reduced, when a stimulus similar to the sensory features of a painful stimulus was delivered concurrently. Subjects matched aversiveness thresholds for electrocutaneous or auditory stimulation so that both forms of stimulation could be judged to be subjectively of similar affective value. Subjects were then run in the cold pressor test for 2 min. While control subjects for each modality were not administered counterstimulation concurrently with cold pressor exposure, experimental subjects within each modality condition received concurrent counterstimulation. Magnitude estimation ratings of the aversiveness of counterstimulation were provided concurrently with cold pressor pain ratings, every 30 sec. The results indicated that, as predicted, subjects exposed to concurrent electrical stimulation produced lower pain ratings than subjects exposed to auditory stimulation and controls. In addition, a mutual interference effect between the cold pressor and the tactile counterstimulation was found: subjects also rated electrical stimulation as a less aversive than auditory stimulation over the duration of the cold pressor test.     

Anirolac vs. naproxen for postpartum uterine pain

Anirolac, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was evaluated for relative efficacy, safety, and time course of analgesia. In a stratified, randomized, parallel, double-blind trial, 120 hospitalized women with moderate or severe postpartum uterine pain were treated with single oral doses of anirolac, 50 or 100 mg, naproxen sodium, 550 mg, or placebo. Using verbal scales, patients rated pain intensity, pain relief, and side effects at regular intervals for 6 hours. Highest summed analgesic ratings over placebo were induced by anirolac, 100 mg (P less than or equal to 0.001), and naproxen (P less than or equal to 0.001), followed by anirolac, 50 mg (P less than or equal to 0.005). At each assessment after the first hour, anirolac, 50 and 100 mg, and naproxen induced significantly stronger analgesia than did placebo. Statistically significantly more drowsiness was reported with all three active agents than with placebo. Our results suggest that, for postpartum uterine pain, analgesia with anirolac, 50 or 100 mg, is equivalent to that with naproxen, 550 mg.     

Time course of tolerance to apomorphine in parkinsonism.

We sought to determine if tolerance developed to the antiparkinsonian effects of apomorphine and, if so, what temporal factors influenced its development. Seven patients with parkinsonism and motor fluctuations received short (6-hour) and long (22- to 31-hour) apomorphine infusions. Tolerance was evaluated by comparison of the responses to test doses of apomorphine that were administered before and after each infusion. The responses to the test doses that followed either infusion were reduced by 35% after the short infusion and by 68% after the long infusion, although plasma apomorphine levels were similar to or higher than levels achieved with preinfusion test doses. The duration of improvement in parkinsonism after discontinuation of the long infusion was briefer than that after the short infusion. We conclude that tolerance to apomorphine occurs in parkinsonism, and the loss of response is greater after longer periods of drug administration.