华支睾吸虫cDNA表达文库的构建及初步筛选

目的　构建华支睾吸虫cDNA表达文库 ,为筛选特异诊断抗原和疫苗候选抗原奠定基础。　方法　提取华支睾吸虫总RNA ;用Clontech公司SMARTTMcDNA文库构建试剂盒操作方法 ,进行反转录合成双链cDNA ;PCR产物纯化后 ,进行SfiI酶切 ;用ChromaSpin 40 0柱将酶切产物进行分级分离 ,回收 0 .4～ 4kb的组分 ,并与λTriplEx2载体连接、体外蛋白包装 ,产生未扩增文库 ;检测未扩增文库滴度和重组效率后 ,进行文库的扩增 ,并测定扩增文库的滴度及鉴定。　结果　未扩增文库滴度达 7.5× 10 7pfu/ml ,扩增文库滴度达 2 .7× 10 8pfu/ml ;用载体两端的引物进行PCR鉴定 ,显示 :所选噬菌体中均含有重组的cDNA ,大小在 5 0 0bp以上。　结论　已成功地获得一高质量的华支睾吸虫cD NA表达文库     

人乙型肝炎肝硬化组织cDNA文库的构建及鉴定

目的:构建人乙型肝炎肝硬化组织cDNA文库,为筛查与乙型肝炎肝硬化的发生特异相关的基因及探讨乙型肝炎肝硬化的发病机制奠定基础.方法:用Trizol方法提取人乙型肝炎肝硬化组织总RNA,并用mRNA纯化试剂盒进行mRNA纯化;反转录合成单链cDNA,长距离PCR方法合成双链cDNA;PCR产物经蛋白酶K水解、纯化后,用Sfi I酶切;将酶切产物进行分级分离,回收0.4 kb以上的cDNA组分,并与λTripl Ex2载体连接;连接产物经体外蛋白包装,产生未扩增文库;鉴定文库的滴度和重组效率后,进行文库扩增;鉴定扩增文库的滴度和重组效率;随机挑取11个噬菌斑,用载体克隆位点两端的通用引物进行PCR扩增,以检测所构建的cDNA文库的质量.结果:未扩增文库滴度为1.03×106 pfu/ml,重组效率为97.24%,扩增后文库滴度为1.36×109 pfu/ml,重组效率为99.02%;用载体两端的通用引物进行PCR鉴定,插入片段平均长度为1.02 kb,含1 kb以上的占36.36%,0.5～1 kb的占63.64%.结论:已成功构建一高质量的人乙型肝炎肝硬化组织cDNA文库,为筛查与乙型肝炎肝硬化的发生特异相关的基因及探讨乙型肝炎肝硬化的发病机制奠定了基础.     

屋尘螨cDNA表达文库的构建及初步鉴定

目的构建屋尘螨cDNA表达文库. 方法用RNAiso Reagent试剂盒提取屋尘螨Total RNA,用Poly AT tract mRNA分离试剂盒提取mRNA,用Clontech公司SMARTTM PCR cDNA library kit反转录合成第1链cDNA,用LD-PCR合成第2链cDNA并扩增,PCR产物与MaxPlax TM试剂盒体外连接包装,建成未扩增的cDNA文库,计算其滴度和重组效率后进行文库扩增并测定扩增文库的滴度. 结果cDNA文库未扩增时滴度为9.148×106,重组效率达93.88%以上,文库扩增后滴度为7.628×109,插入片段平均1.63 kb. 结论成功地构建了高质量的屋尘螨cDNA表达文库.     

铁皮石斛互补脱氧核糖核酸表达文库的构建及分析

构建铁皮石斛互补脱氧核糖核酸(cDNA)表达文库,为克隆石斛活性成分生物合成相关功能基因的全长奠定基础。【方法】以Trizol一步法从4年生的铁皮石斛中提取总RNA,分离纯化mRNA,LD-PCR(long distance polymerase chain reaction)法反转录合成双链cDNA,以λTripIEX2为载体,构建铁皮石斛cDNA文库,文库滴度以每mL含噬菌斑形成单位 (pfu)的数目来表示,PCR扩增鉴定插入片段。【结果】成功地构建了铁皮石斛cDNA表达文库,原始文库的噬菌斑滴度为 4．3×105pfu/mL,总克隆数为3．1×105,重组率为97．6％,扩增后文库总滴度为6．8×109 pfu／mL,对随机挑取的噬菌斑进行 PCR鉴定,结果插入片段多分布在0．5～2．0kb之间,绝大部分在1．2～1．7 kb左右。【结论】文库质量鉴定结果表明,所构建的铁皮石斛cDNA文库具有较好的库容量、较高的重组率以及较大的插入片段。     

人上皮性卵巢癌组织cDNA表达文库的构建

目的为进一步获得人卵巢癌相关抗原基因,构建人上皮性卵巢癌组织cDNA表达文库.方法从人上皮性卵巢癌组织提取总RNA,分离纯化mRNA,并以此为模板合成第1链cDNA,用置换法合成第2链cDNA.双链cDNA经末端削平、EcoR Ⅰ接头连接、XhoⅠ酶切、过柱分级分离,除去<400 bp片段,收集符合需要的cDNA片段与噬菌体ZAP Express载体连接,体外包装后获得人卵巢癌组织cDNA表达文库.结果经检测该原始文库滴度为5.5×106 pfu/ml,扩增后文库滴度为3.0×1011 pfu/ml,重组率96%.插入片段平均大小1.0 kb以上.结论所构建的人上皮性卵巢癌组织cDNA表达文库质量合格,为以后筛选获取卵巢癌特异性相关抗原基因或其它相关基因奠定了基础.     

恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)肝脏cDNA文库的构建

目的 构建正常恒河猴的肝脏组织cDNA表达文库,以筛选恒河猴的相关基因并提供其作为医学研究动物模型的遗传学依据.方法 提取正常恒河猴肝脏组织总RNA,纯化的mRNA反转录合成cDNA,连接EcoR Ⅰ接头,经XhoⅠ酶切并用CHROMA SPIN-400分离cDNA,将大于500 bp的cDNA片段连接于λ ZAP表达载体,体外包装后转染至XL1-Blue MRF'宿主菌中,再扩增文库.对cDNA文库的滴度、重组率和插入片段的大小进行检测.结果 初始文库的库容量为1.2×106 pfu,初始文库和扩增文库的滴度分别为1.1×106 pfu/mL、 7.7×109 pfu/mL,重组率分别为99.3%、98.2%,插入片段平均长度分别为2.0 kb、2.3 kb.结论 成功构建了恒河猴肝脏组织的cDNA表达文库,为同种和异种移植以及移植相关药物临床前研究奠定了良好的基础.     

原发型肝癌组织cDNA文库的构建及抗原基因的筛选

目的 构建人原发型肝癌组织cDNA文库,以SEREX方法从cDNA文库中筛选肝癌抗原基因.方法 采用确诊的原发型肝癌患者新鲜手术切除癌组织构建cDNA文库,测定原始文库滴度,进行蓝白筛选以确定文库的重组率.以肝癌患者的血清,采用血清学方法筛选所构建的cDNA文库,阳性克隆经PCR检测鉴定后进行序列分析.结果 成功构建了混合原发型肝癌cDNA文库经测定原始文库滴度为7.42X106pfu/mL,含3.96×106个重组子,重组率为93%,扩增文库滴度为3.92×109pfu/mL,cDNA插入片段大小在0.5～3.0 kb之间.文库经3轮血清学筛选共获得31个阳性克隆,分别代表了24个独立的cDNA插入片段(抗原基因).其中17个与已知基因高度同源,另外7个基因与GenBank中已知基因的部分同源,其中有3个是新基因.利用SMART技术构建了高质量的人原发型肝癌组织cDNA表达文库,有利于以cDNA文库为基础的进一步的实验研究.结论 应用SEREX技术初步筛选原发型肝癌组织cDNA文库,共得到17个原发型肝癌相关抗原基因,其中有3个是新基因,可能为原发型肝癌的免疫学研究提供新的研究分子.     

抗华支睾吸虫抗体Fab段基因的克隆及重组表达载体的构建

为了制备抗华支睾吸虫基因工程抗体,本文从感染华支睾吸虫患者的淋巴细胞中提取总RNA,逆转录成cDNA。用相应的引物进行PCR,扩增出约700bp的重链Fd段和轻链κ、λ基因,经Xho　I和Spe　I,SacI和 Xba　I双酶切后,分别和质粒载体pComb3连接,再经电穿孔转化大肠杆菌XL 1-blue菌株,将轻链和重链Fd基因先后克隆人pComb3中,成功地构建了抗华支睾吸虫Fab段抗体基因的表达载体,为进一步构建噬菌体抗体库奠定基础。     

斯氏肺吸虫和华支睾吸虫基因组态DNA的初步分析

目的 比较分析斯氏肺吸虫和华支睾吸虫基因组多态ＤＮＡ的多态性和探讨两吸虫间的相似基因。方法 应用随机扩增多态性（Ｒａｎｄｏｍ ａｍｐｌｉｆｉｅｄ ｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｃ ＤＮＡ，ＲＡＰＤ）技术对斯氏肺吸虫和华支睾吸虫的基因组多态ＤＮＡ进行扩增，扩增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后分析结果。结果 引物Ｐ１和Ｐ２扩增产生斯氏肺吸虫和华支睾吸虫的成虫ＤＮＡ图谱，而Ｐ３引物未扩增出产物。斯氏肺吸虫和华支睾吸虫的Ｐ１     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.