骨髓间充质干细胞尾静脉移植脊髓损伤大鼠脑源性神经营养因子及神经生长因子的表达

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞移植对脊髓损伤有治疗作用,但其机制尚不完全清楚。 目的：应用免疫组织化学方法观察骨髓间充质干细胞静脉移植损伤脊髓局部脑源性神经营养因子及神经生长因子的表达,分析骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的作用途径。 方法：运用改良Allen法制备T10脊髓外伤性截瘫大鼠模型,假手术组6只,脊髓损伤组24只随机分为对照组和骨髓间充质干细胞移植组。骨髓间充质干细胞移植组、假手术组接受骨髓间充质干细胞单细胞悬液1 mL(1×106 cells)自大鼠尾静脉缓慢注射移植,对照组静脉注射PBS 1 mL。 结果与结论：脊髓损伤后损伤局部的脑源性神经营养因子、神经生长因子表达增加,骨髓间充质干细胞静脉注射移植后能促进脊髓损伤局部脑源性神经营养因子、神经生长因子更进一步的表达,这可能是促进神经结构及神经功能恢复的因素之一。     

骨髓间充质干细胞联合脑源性神经营养因子治疗脊髓损伤的实验研究(作者希望在明年3月份之前出版或能够拿到清样)

目的：观察静脉移植骨髓间充质干细胞（bone marrow stroma cells,BMSC）和局部连续注射脑源性神经营养因子（brain derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF）联合促进损伤脊髓结构及功能的恢复情况。方法：将兔随机分为对照组（A组）8只、BMSC组（B组）12只、BMSC＋BMSC组（C组）12只。脊髓损伤模型制造成功后观察3天,分别进行干预,且各组兔分别于干预后1周、3周、5周应用免疫荧光组化技术检测BMSC在脊髓内存活、分化情况;改良Tarlov评分法及HRP逆行示踪检测移植后神经功能恢复情况;HE染色法了解脊髓的结构情况。结果：移植后1周内,A、B、C三组间无显著差异（P>0.1）,移植后3、5周,移植的BMSC在损伤脊髓内存活并分化成为神经元样细胞,且C组脊髓功能的恢复要好于A、B两组,具有显著性差异（P<0.01）,B组功能恢复略好于A组;C组脊髓结构的修复要明显好于A、B两组,B组要好于A组。结论：BMSC与BDNF联合更有助于BMSC局部存活、分化,促进损伤脊髓结构和功能的恢复。     

脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓间充质干细胞治疗坐骨神经损伤

背景：对周围神经损伤的治疗,目前希望能提高损伤局部的脑源性神经营养因子浓度来促进神经的修复再生。 目的：观察坐骨神经损伤大鼠体内植入脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰的骨髓间充质干细胞后神经纤维的再通及运动功能的恢复情况。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验,于2007-05/2008-05在福建省神经病学研究所完成。 材料：无菌条件下取2月龄F344雄性大鼠股骨、胫骨制备骨髓间充质干细胞。利用构建好的慢病毒载体PNL-BDNF-IRES2-EGFP制备脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰的骨髓间质干细胞。 方法：将60只成年SD大鼠经钳夹制作成右坐骨神经损伤模型,随机分为磷酸盐缓冲液组,骨髓间质干细胞组,脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓间质干细胞组。在损伤处分别注射磷酸盐缓冲液2 μL,骨髓间质干细胞混悬液2 μL和脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓间质干细胞混悬液2 μL。 主要观察指标：在术后2,4周,通过辣根过氧化物酶示踪观察损伤侧L4,5脊髓前角存活的神经细胞数目,通过测量坐骨神经功能指数值观察大鼠损伤侧肢体运动功能恢复情况,同时应用荧光激发及免疫组化技术检测骨髓间质干细胞存活和脑源性神经营养因子表达情况。 结果：脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓间质干细胞组损伤侧L4,5脊髓前角细胞的存活数目多于磷酸盐缓冲液组和骨髓间质干细胞组,并且神经功能恢复也比其他两组好。骨髓间质干细胞组和脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓间质干细胞组可观察到神经损伤处有较多的骨髓间质干细胞存活,并且脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓间质干细胞组脑源性神经营养因子表达明显比骨髓间质干细胞组多。 结论：脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓间质干细胞对周围神经损伤后神经纤维的再通及功能恢复有促进作用。     

慢病毒转染胶质细胞源性神经营养因子基因的胎儿骨髓间充质干细胞的研究

目的 探讨胎儿骨髓间充质干细胞(fBMMSCs)经慢病毒转染胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)基因后GDNF的表达情况.方法 利用贴壁培养法,从流产胎儿的股骨骨髓中分离培养fBMMSCs,并进行扩增.取第5代fBMMSCs,用慢病毒载体转染GDNF基因.应用免疫组化法及ELISA法检测被转染的fBMMSCs GDNF的表达情况.结果 被转染GDNF基因的fBMMSCs GDNF表达阳性,且培养液中GDNF含量随培养时间延长而增高.结论 被慢病毒转染GDNF基因的fBMMSCs能表达GDNF.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植对大鼠脊髓损伤后脑神经生长因子表达影响的研究

背景: 近年来关于骨髓间充质干细胞移植对脊髓损伤修复方面的研究较多,但目前相关机制尚不清楚。 目的：观察间充质干细胞移植对大鼠脊髓损伤后脑源性神经营养因子表达的影响。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验,于2003-04/07在中国医科大学神经解剖学实验室完成。 材料：选取鼠龄3个月的SD大鼠64只,雌雄不拘,体质量250~300 g,随机抽取4只大鼠用于骨髓间充质干细胞的分离与培养,其余60只用于制备脊髓横断损伤模型。 方法：60只大鼠随机抽签法分为3组,细胞移植组(n=24)：脊髓损伤后第7天,无菌条件下以微量注射缓慢注入含骨髓间充质干细胞(1×109 L-1)的培养液5 μL至脊髓损伤区;PBS组(n=24)：注入等量(5 μL)磷酸盐缓冲液体;空白对照组(n=12)：注入生理盐水5 μL。 主要观察指标：分别于造模后7,14,28 d取材,观察骨髓间充质干细胞的形态变化;免疫组织化学法检测间充质干细胞移植后大鼠脊髓损伤区脑源性神经营养因子的表达。 结果：60只SD大鼠均进入结果分析。10代以后细胞增殖能力有所减弱,胞体变得扁平,若加入碱性成纤维细胞生长因子,则可维持其增殖能力和形态。大鼠脑源性神经营养因子在正常大鼠脊髓组织中有一定表达,细胞移植后第7,14,28天,细胞移植组脑源性神经营养因子表达均高于PBS组和空白对照组(P < 0.05);空白对照组与PBS组脑源性神经营养因子表达无明显差异(P > 0.05)。 结论：骨髓间充质干细胞在移植后通过上调脑源性神经营养因子的表达从而促进轴突的再生,可能是治疗脊髓损伤的重要机制。     

脑源性神经营养因子和睫状神经营养因子单独或联合体外诱导人脐带血来源的间充质干细胞向神经样细胞分化

背景：体外培养条件下脐血间充质干细胞可向神经样细胞诱导分化,一定浓度范围的脑源性神经营养因子和睫状神经营养因子联合体外诱导可获得较高的神经元分化比例。 目的：观察脑源性神经营养因子和睫状神经营养因子单独或联合体外诱导人脐带血来源的间充质干细胞分化成神经样细胞的可行性。 方法：取第5代的脐血间充质干细胞,分别用5,10,20 μg/L的脑源性神经营养因子和5,10,20 μg/L睫状神经营养因子单独或联合诱导脐血源间充质干细胞向神经样细胞分化,另设空白对照组无任何干预措施。倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态变化,于实验第1,3,6天分别进行神经元特异性烯醇化酶和胶质纤维酸性蛋白免疫细胞化学染色,并计数分化为神经元样细胞及神经胶质细胞的比例。 结果与结论：①向神经细胞诱导后,人脐血源间充质干细胞形态明显改变,胞体收缩,胞核部分折光性增强,出现类似于树突及轴突样结构。②与空白对照组相比,脑源性神经营养因子和睫状神经营养因子能显著提高人脐血源间充质干细胞分化为神经元的比例。其中20 μg/L的脑源性神经营养因子联合20 μg/L睫状神经营养因子诱导人脐血源间充质干细胞分化为神经样细胞的比例最高。提示人脐血间充质干细胞经脑源性神经营养因子和睫状神经营养因子体外诱导,均能够分化为神经样细胞。     

常用脊髓损伤模型与骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤

脊髓损伤的病理生理机制非常复杂,建立适宜的脊髓损伤模型,对模型进行骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗,并分析其治疗脊髓损伤的机制,是进行临床脊髓损伤治疗的前提。目前常用的脊髓损伤模型包括挫伤型模型、牵张损伤模型、压迫损伤模型、切割或吸除型模型、缺血损伤模型等。常用的骨髓间充质干细胞移植方法有细胞悬液立体定位注射法、腰穿细胞悬液注射法、静脉内细胞悬液输入法等。骨髓间充质干细胞治疗脊髓损伤的机制可能有以下几方面：①骨髓间充质干细胞能向损伤处迁移,并向神经细胞表型分化。②发挥桥梁介导作用。③骨髓间充质干细胞移植后能够抑制神经细胞的凋亡。大量动物实验结果证明,骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的临床应用前景是广阔的。     

脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓间质干细胞移植对痴呆大鼠记忆功能的影响

背景：一些研究已显示，重组脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰的骨髓间质干细胞具有向神经样细胞分化的潜能，且能提高脑缺血模型鼠的神经缺失功能。 目的：拟进一步观察脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰的骨髓间质干细胞移植对阿尔茨海默病鼠学习记忆能力的改善。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物观察，于2006-01/2007-06在中山大学一附院神经病学实验室完成。 材料：清洁级8周龄雄性SD大鼠48只，随机分为正常对照组、损伤模型组、基因修饰细胞组、未修饰细胞组，12只/组。另取出生3 d的清洁级SD大鼠10只，用于骨髓间质干细胞的分离培养。 方法：取传至第6代的骨髓间质干细胞，双酶切后亚克隆至pcDNA3质粒，行增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因转染，采用电穿孔法得到重组腺病毒Ad-BDNF，转染293细胞进行病毒包装。除正常对照组外，其余3组大鼠均建立阿尔茨海默病模型。造模后12 d，基因修饰细胞组取重组腺病毒脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰的不含血清骨髓间质干细胞悬液，于伤侧侧脑室坐标前囟后1.6 mm、外侧1.5 mm、腹侧4.0 mm注入8 μL；未修饰细胞组移植等量的单纯骨髓间质干细胞悬液。 主要观察指标：Western blotting法鉴定重组病毒在骨髓间质干细胞中表达，流式细胞仪检测基因感染效率。细胞移植后2周采用Morris水迷宫检测大鼠学习记忆能力。 结果：Ad-BDNF感染的骨髓间质干细胞存在Mr14 000的脑源性神经营养因子蛋白条带，2 d后约34%骨髓间质干细胞被感染。基因修饰细胞组、未修饰细胞组大鼠平均逃避潜伏期均明显低于损伤模型组（P < 0.01），且前者基本达到正常水平。与损伤模型组寻找平台的运动策略比较，基因修饰细胞组与未修饰细胞组趋向式、直线式显著增多（P < 0.01），边缘式、随机式明显减少（P < 0.01），且前者基本达到正常水平。 结论：移植的骨髓间质干细胞经脑源性神经营养因子基因修饰后，可明显改善阿尔茨海默病模型鼠的记忆能力。     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞源性神经元促进脊髓横断性损伤的神经功能恢复

目的探讨干细胞治疗外伤性脊髓损伤的策略。方法体外分离纯化成年SD大鼠骨髓MSCs,并在体外培养过程中加入麝香多肽(Musk-1)将其诱导分化为神经前体细胞,再定向将神经前体细胞植入经显微外科手术建立的大鼠横断性脊髓损伤病灶中。结果与对照组大鼠相比,植入的rMSCs源性神经元可明显促进脊髓损伤后的神经功能恢复(P<0．05;有效观察期90 d)。组织学和免疫细胞组化分析进一步证实了植入rMSCs源性神经元在移植区域大量成活,并向损伤区域四周的邻近组织迁移约6 mm。荧光金逆行追踪分析显示在大鼠脊髓头侧、中脑红核和大脑感觉运动皮层等区域均可检测到荧光金标记阳性的运动神经元,推测脊髓损伤侧的皮层脊髓束发生了再生并穿越横断性病灶达到了脊髓尾侧。结论作为干细胞替代治疗的新策略,rMSCs源性神经元可在横断性脊髓损伤病灶中成活、迁移、整合,以及具备修补脊髓功能的潜在可能性。     

骨髓间质干细胞源性早期神经元与控释神经营养因子移植治疗猴脊髓损伤的研究

对于脊髓损伤（spinal cord injury，SCI），目前临床上仍无有效的治疗方法。研究发现，应用外源性神经营养因子（neurotrophic factors，NTFs）可以促进神经元修复、轴突再生。骨髓间质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs）是骨髓中的一种非造血类成体干细胞，易于获取和增殖，可诱导分化为神经元细胞。本实验以恒河猴为研究对象，将自体MSC在体外诱导为早期神经元细胞，并应用可降解生物材料单甲氧基聚乙二醇聚乳酸嵌共聚体（mPEG—b—PLA）作为胶质细胞源性神经营养因子（glial cell line—derived neurotrophic factor，GDNF）的控释载体，将两者联合移植到脊髓损伤处，探讨其修复脊髓结构、恢复猴下肢运动功能的作用。     

Combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and brain-derived neurotrophic factor for treating spinal cord injury

BACKGROUND:Because bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) do not secrete sufficient brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the use of exogenous BDNF could improve microenvironments in injured regions for BMSCs differentiation. OBJECTIVE:To analyze recovery of the injured spinal cord following BMSCs venous transplantation in combination with consecutive injections of BDNF. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING:A randomized, controlled animal experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of First Hospital and Anatomical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University from October 2004 to May 2006.MATERIALS:Human BDNF was purchased from Sigma, USA. METHODS:A total of 44 New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to model (n = 8), BDNF (n = 12), BMSC (n = 12), and BMSC+BDNF (n = 12) groups. Spinal cord (L2) injury was established with the dropping method. The model group rabbits were injected with 1 mL normal saline via the ear margin vein; the BDNF group was subdurally injected with 100 μg/d human BDNF for 1 week; the BMSC group was injected with 1 mL BMSCs suspension (2 × 106/mL) via the ear margin vein; and the BMSC+BDNF group rabbits were subdurally injected with 100 μg/d BDNF for 1 week, in addition to BMSCs suspension via the ear margin vein. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:BMSCs surface markers were detected by flow cytometry. BMSCs differentiation in the injured spinal cord was detected by immunofluorescence histochemistry. Functional and structural recovery, as well as morphological changes, in the injured spinal cord were respectively detected by Tarlov score, horseradish peroxidase retrograde tracing, and hematoxylin & eosin staining methods at 1, 3, and 5 weeks following transplantation. RESULTS:Transplanted BMSCs differentiated into neuronal-like cells in the injured spinal cord at 3 and 5 weeks following transplantation. Neurological function and pathological damage improved following BMSC + BDNF treatment compared with BDNF or BMSC alone (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:BMSCs venous transplantation in combination with BDNF subdural injection benefits neuronal-like cell differentiation and significantly improves structural and function of injured spinal cord compared with BMSCs or BDNF alone.     

成人骨髓间充质干细胞向甲状腺细胞的诱导分化

背景：促甲状腺素、胰岛素或类胰岛素生长因子等对甲状腺细胞的发育分化、特异基因的表达及功能的产生等起着重要作用,故实验模拟甲状腺的体内胚胎发生过程逐步加入以上刺激因子对骨髓间充质干细胞进一步诱导。 目的：探讨在特定环境下体外定向诱导成人骨髓间充质干细胞分化为甲状腺细胞的可行性。 方法：采用密度梯度法分离培养骨髓间充质干细胞,应用促甲状腺素、胰岛素等试剂进行诱导。利用倒置光学显微镜、透射电镜观察细胞分化过程的形态学变化,免疫荧光等检测方法研究成人骨髓间充质干细胞的分化情况。 结果与结论：诱导组培养第3天可见骨髓间充质干细胞由长梭形变为圆形、椭圆形或三角形,不规则形生长,边界欠清晰。从第8天开始可见贴壁的胚胎体逐渐呈扁平状。诱导培养第7天可见分化细胞中有甲状腺细胞的特有基因如TSHr的表达;第9天检测到分化细胞中甲状腺细胞标记物TTF-1的表达。结果初步表明骨髓间充质干细胞可以在体外诱导分化为甲状腺细胞,是研究甲状腺疾病组织工程治疗的理想种子细胞。     

Factors affecting directional migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to the injured spinal cord

Microtubule-associated protein 1B plays an important role in axon guidance and neuronal migration. In the present study, we sought to discover the mechanisms underlying microtu- bule-associated protein 1B mediation of axon guidance and neuronal migration. We exposed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to okadaic acid or N-acetyl-D-erythro-sphingosine （an inhibitor and stimulator, respectively, of protein phosphatase 2A） for 24 hours. The expression of the phosphorylated form of type I microtubule-associated protein 1B in the cells was greater after exposure to okadaic acid and lower after N-acetyl-D-erythro-sphingosine. We then injected the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the ear vein into rabbit models of spinal cord contusion. The migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells towards the injured spinal cord was poorer in cells exposed to okadaic acid- and N-acetyl-D-erythro-sphingosine than in non-treated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Finally, we blocked phosphatidylinosi- tol 3-kinase （PI3K） and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2） pathways in rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using the inhibitors LY294002 and U0126, respectively. LY294002 resulted in an elevated expression of phosphorylated type I microtubule-associated protein 1B, whereas U0126 caused a reduction in expression. The present data indicate that PI3K and ERKI/2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells modulate the phosphorylation of micro- tubule-associated protein 1B via a cross-signaling network, and affect the migratory efficiency of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells towards injured spinal cord.     

Adenovirus-mediated human brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for spinal cord injury

Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells expressing brain-derived neurotrophic factor were successfully obtained using a gene transfection method,then intravenously transplanted into rats with spinal cord injury.At 1,3,and 5 weeks after transplantation,the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurofilament-200 was upregulated in the injured spinal cord,spinal cord injury was alleviated,and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores of hindlimb motor function were significantly increased.This evidence suggested that intravenous transplantation of adenovirus-mediated brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene-modified rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could play a dual role,simultaneously providing neural stem cells and neurotrophic factors.     

40001/胶原-壳聚糖支架材料与间充质干细胞的组织相容性研究

目的： 研究兔骨髓间充质干细胞（MSC）在“胶原蛋白-壳聚糖”复合支架材料表面生长及分化情况,为察修复神经损伤提供组织相容性数据。方法：分离培养兔MSC,无血清培养液培养,流式细胞仪检查细胞表型;然后,将其接种到凝胶支架材料表面（实验组）及多聚赖氨酸包被的盖玻片表面（对照组）,神经诱导培养基内培养,倒置相差显微镜观察干细胞的生长及分化情况。结果：细胞表型为CD29 、CD44 、CD166 。倒置相差显微镜观察：实验组中,接种的MSC生长良好,7d后可见有突起神经细胞。生长情况与对照组未见有明显差别。结论：“胶原蛋白-壳聚糖”复合支架材料对MSC有良好细胞相容性,可作为神经组织工程支架材料。     

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells reduces lesion volume and induces axonal regrowth of injured spinal cord

It has been demonstrated that transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) improves recovery of injured spinal cord in animal models. However, the mechanism of how BMSCs promote repair of injured spinal cord remains under investigation. The present study investigated the neural differentiation of BMSCs, the lesion volume and axonal regrowth of injured spinal cord after transplantation. Seven days after spinal cord injury, 3 × 10⁵ BMSCs or PBS (control) was delivered into the injury epicenter of the spinal cord. At 8 weeks after spinal cord injury, transplantation of BMSCs reduced the volume of cavity and increased spared white matter as compared to the control. BMSCs did not express the cell marker of neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in injured spinal cord. Transmission electron microscopic examination displayed an increase in the number of axons in BMSC rats. The effect of BMSCs on growth of neuronal process was further investigated by using a coculture system. The length and the number of neurites from spinal neurons significantly increased when they cocultured with BMSCs. PCR and immunochemical analysis showed that BMSCs expressed brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glia cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). These findings demonstrate that transplantation of BMSCs reduces lesion volume and promotes axonal regrowth of injured spinal cord.     

Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells protect the injured spinal cord by inhibiting pericyte pyroptosis

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is a promising treatment strategy for spinal cord injury, but immunological rejection and possible tumor formation limit its application. The therapeutic effects of MSCs mainly depend on their release of soluble paracrine factors. Exosomes are essential for the secretion of these paracrine effectors. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-EXOs) can be substituted for BMSCs in cell transplantation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, a rat model of T10 spinal cord injury was established using the impact method. Then, 30 minutes and 1 day after spinal cord injury, the rats were administered 200 μL exosomes via the tail vein (200 μg/mL; approximately 1 × 10⁶ BMSCs). Treatment with BMSC-EXOs greatly reduced neuronal cell death, improved myelin arrangement and reduced myelin loss, increased pericyte/endothelial cell coverage on the vascular wall, decreased blood-spinal cord barrier leakage, reduced caspase 1 expression, inhibited interleukin-1β release, and accelerated locomotor functional recovery in rats with spinal cord injury. In the cell culture experiment, pericytes were treated with interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. Then, Lipofectamine 3000 was used to deliver lipopolysaccharide into the cells, and the cells were co-incubated with adenosine triphosphate to simulate injury in vitro. Pre-treatment with BMSC-EXOs for 8 hours greatly reduced pericyte pyroptosis and increased pericyte survival rate. These findings suggest that BMSC-EXOs may protect pericytes by inhibiting pyroptosis and by improving blood-spinal cord barrier integrity, thereby promoting the survival of neurons and the extension of nerve fibers, and ultimately improving motor function in rats with spinal cord injury. All protocols were conducted with the approval of the Animal Ethics Committee of Zhengzhou University on March 16, 2019.

Chinese Library Classification No. R456; R745.4; R363     

PKH67示踪骨髓间充质干细胞迁移至损伤脊髓的实验研究

目的 探讨SCI后体外移植PKH67标记的BMSCs迁移至脊髓损伤处并进行增值和分化的动员情况。方法 用梯度离心法分离和培养出SD 大鼠第3代BMSCs,用绿色荧光染料PKH67标记; 采用钳夹法制备脊髓损伤(SCI)模型,分为实验组(n=15)、对照组(n=16)、假手术组(n=16); SCI术后对脊髓损伤组织进行HE染色,实验组和假手术组于术后尾静脉移植含有1×10⁷个BMSCs的0.5 mL生理盐水,对照组注射等量生理盐水; 分别于术后1、7、14、21 d观察大鼠后肢运动功能恢复情况,并做BBB分; 术后21 d后取脊髓组织,行免疫荧光染色,观察BMSCs的迁移,增值和分化情况。结果(1)镜下可见损伤脊髓形成的空洞、坏死及炎性细胞的增多;(2)共聚焦荧光显微镜观察显示术后21 d实验组脊髓损伤部位可见移植的BMSCs, 部分BMSCs呈GFAP和Nestin阳性表达; 假手术组无 PKH67标记的BMSCs; 实验组GFAP和Nestin阳性细胞数较对照组和假手术组明显增加(P<0.05),对照组较假手术组增加不明显(P>0.05);(3)实验组和对照组BBB评分均有增加,但实验组BBB评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 PKH67示踪的BMSCs可迁移至损伤脊髓部位,进行增值并分化为神经元样细胞,促进损伤脊髓的神经功能恢复。