蛇毒抗栓酶对血糖的影响

蛇毒抗栓酶(Svate)是一种治疗血栓形成性疾病的新药,我院自1985年用于临床治疗心肌梗塞、脑血栓、高粘血症取得满意疗效。经临床治疗观察其对血糖有一定的下降作用,将其临床观察结果报告如下。 1 对象与方法:①病例选择:高血压合并糖尿病29例,高血压冠心病合并糖尿病46例,男64例,女62例,年龄25岁～79岁,平均54.7岁。诊断糖尿病的依据用联合国卫生组织     

蛇毒抗栓酶对四种诱导剂诱导血小板聚集作用影响的实验研究

血小板是一种结构复杂并具有多种功能的细胞,它的粘附、聚集和释放功能是其完成止血、凝血等生理功能的生物学基础。在血栓的形成和发展中血小板起着重要的作用。血管内皮损伤后,暴露内皮下胶原组织能诱导血小板粘附和聚集,并释放出ADP、肾上腺素和5—HT等活性物质,这些活性物质可进一步促使血小板的活化,构成了血小板血栓形成的前提。所以抗血小板的药物已经引起了医学工作者的广泛重视。蛇毒抗栓酶(Svate)作为抗凝溶栓制剂在临床上已广泛应用,但对血小板功能的影响报道很少,且结果不一致。本实验观察了不同浓度Svate对四种诱导剂致聚作用的影响,为临床应用     

蛇毒抗栓酶—3号治疗血栓性静脉炎20例临床观察

我科自1990年3月至1991年11月应用中国医科大学老年病防治研究中心研制的蛇毒抗栓酶—3号治疗血栓性静脉炎,总有效率90％。现报告如下:     

量子化血液疗法配合蛇毒抗栓酶治疗脑血栓形成疗效观察

本文选择我院内科1991至1992年间收治30例脑血栓形成病人，予以量子化血液疗法配合蛇毒抗栓酶治疗，取得满意疗效，现报告如下。资料与方法一、病例选择：全部病例诊断均符合第二届全国神经精神学术会议制定的《各类脑血管病诊断要点）｝有关脑血栓形成的诊断标准，并经头颅CT扫描证实。光量子组：30例，男25例，女5例，年龄50～78岁，平均667；对照组：26例，男19例，女7例，年龄55～80岁，平均66岁。二、病情分期与分级：分期：急性期发病至1月内；恢复期发病1月至l年内；后遗症期发病1年以上。光量子组急性期17例，恢复期12例，后遗症期…     

蛇毒抗栓酶治疗高粘血症的护理

动脉硬化、高血压等病人往往血粘度高。我科自1987年以来,应用蛇毒抗栓酶治疗动脉硬化、高血压并高粘血症患者72例(男69例,女3例),疗效显著,现将护理经验介绍如下。 1 治疗前准备工作及护理:①该药系生物蛋白酶制剂,对于特异性体质或过敏状态患者可能产生变态反应。所以应用前必须做过敏试验,阴性者方可使用。②耐心向患者解释清楚蛇毒治疗的优越性及可能出现的反应、防治措施,使患者对该治疗有所了     

蛇毒抗栓酶治疗高粘血症56例疗效观察

本文总结不同病因所致高粘血症56例,用蛇毒抗栓酶1.0u/d治疗,2周后血液流变学指标改变、全血粘度(比)、全血还原粘度、血浆粘度(比)、压积均明显降低(p<0.01),以全血粘度(比)降低最明显,低切粘度t值为10.22,为防治高粘血症理想药物。     

蛇毒抗栓酶治疗视网膜动静脉阻塞（附33例报告）

蛇毒抗栓酶是从蛇毒中提取的生物活性物质，具有去纤、降脂、降低血液粘稠度，改善微循环等作用。我科干199o年4月至1995年4月用蛇毒抗栓酶治疗眼底动、静脉阻塞33例，现报告如下。临床资料本组33例中，门诊病人为］4例，住院病人为19例。其中男23例，女Ic例；年龄ZI～68岁，平均44．5岁，4O岁以下ZI例（占66％）。检查视力33例，眼前指数24例，4．0～4．5者9例。12例视野呈向心性缩小，18例鼻侧缺损，15例眼底阻塞网膜可见贫血状态，视神经乳头色谈。视网膜静脉阻塞眼底动脉细，呈铜丝状反光，静脉迂曲，颞倒视网膜可见浅表大片状放射状…     

纳洛酮治疗脑血栓的临床效果观察

目的：探讨纳洛酮治疗脑血栓的临床效果。方法选取本院2012年1月~2014年1月收治的脑血栓患者60例,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组在常规治疗的基础上加用纳洛酮治疗,对照组在常规治疗的基础上加用复方丹参治疗,比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组治疗总有效率为93.3%,高于对照组的76.7%;平均起效时间为（7.65±2.43） d,短于对照组的（10.18±2.65） d;治疗后的 NIHSS 评分为（6.15±1.26）分,低于对照组的（12.48±2.88）分;两组上述指标差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组治疗期间均未见明显不良反应。结论纳洛酮治疗脑血栓效果显著,对快速改善症状、提高治疗效果、改善预后具有重要作用。     

拔罐治疗仪在毒蛇咬伤早期的应用与研究

目的：探讨拔罐治疗仪负压吸引法在毒蛇咬伤患者治疗中的作用。方法：将100例毒蛇咬伤患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各50例,两组均给予中西医结合治疗,治疗组在原治疗基础上加用拔罐治疗仪负压吸弓l法,观察两组患者肿胀开始消退时间,肿胀完全消退时间,住院时间,痊愈情况等指标。结果：治疗组起效快,疗程短,较对照组显著。肿胀开始消退时间,肿胀完全消退时间,住院时间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组临床疗效相当（P〉0．05）。结论：使用拔罐治疗仪治疗毒蛇咬伤患者疗效显著,安全可靠,可缩短住院时间,节省费用。值得在临床中广泛推广应用。     

犬肾小球铸型的扫描电镜观察及其临床意义

本文采用 ABS 铸型的方法,对16只成犬的左右肾进行了扫描电镜观察。结果表明成犬肾小球血管的外部构筑为球型。绝大部分肾小球的输入和输出小动脉均为一支,未见有两支或两支以上输入或输出小动脉的肾小球。但有的肾小球的输出小动脉有分支现象。有时2～4支输入小动脉共干起源于同一小叶间动脉。输入小动脉和输出小动脉的粗细约为2:1或大致相等.在输入小动脉和输出小动脉始末两端均可见到环形缩窄。     

蒲黄煎液的抗大鼠实验性血栓作用

目的研究蒲黄对大鼠血栓形成的影响。方法分别采用大鼠动静脉吻合血栓形成模型和电刺激损伤颈总动脉血栓模型实验方法,将SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、阿司匹林阳性对照组(0.3 g/kg)、蒲黄煎液高剂量组(8 g/kg)、中剂量组(4 g/kg)、低剂量组(2 g/kg),各组动物连续灌胃给药7 d,末次给药后1 h建立模型,测定各组动物血栓湿重及血栓栓塞率;测定血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)及凝血酶时间(TT)。结果蒲黄能抑制动静脉吻合血栓的形成,使血栓湿重降低,血栓抑制率达15%~43%;同时蒲黄降低了大鼠电刺激动脉血栓栓塞率,使大鼠APTT、PT、TT明显延长,且具有剂量依赖关系。结论蒲黄能够对抗在体实验性血栓的形成,其抗血栓机制可能与APTT、PT、TT指标的改变有关。     

依那普利治疗脑血栓形成64例疗效分析

目的 观察依那普利对脑血栓的临床疗效。方法 选择128例脑血栓病人，随机分为治疗组64例与对照组64例进行比较。结果 治疗4周后依那普利组总有效率为93．7％，对照组为78．1％，两组比—较差异有显著意义(P＜0．05)。结论 依那普利治疗脑血栓形成疗效确切。     

应用利伐沙班预防人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效观察

目的 探讨应用口服利伐沙班预防人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效.方法 所有人工髋关节术后的患者,在术后6h开始口服利伐沙班10mg,1次/d,连续10d.结果 所有口服利伐沙班的人工髋关节置换术后的患者,术后无患肢肿胀、疼痛、活动受限的发生,经术后下肢彩色多普勒检测,无1例发生下肢深静脉血栓.结论 利伐沙班是一种高选择性抑制凝血因子Xa的口服抗凝药物,术后早期应用,具有良好的安全性和有效性,临床使用方便,效果显著.     

Stenosis and vascular damage as a cause of thrombosis in the dog femoral artery

Summary We describe here an experimental model of peripheral arterial thrombosis and the effect of several drugs which are known to affect vessel and platelet biological functions. A similar method has been previously applied by us and others on dog coronary arteries. Male Beagle dogs, under pentobarbital anesthesia, were instrumented to measure arterial pressure, heart rate, ECG, femoral blood flow and expired CO₂. A segment of the femoral artery was squeezed with forceps to damage the endothelium, and a plastic cylinder was placed around the vessel in the area of the damage. The cylinders had a length of 2 mm and an internal diameter of 1.6–1.8 mm. Under these circumstances blood flow in the stenosed artery was reduced by about 60–70% from control value and showed cyclic blood flow variations (CBFV). CBFV eventually led either to a total occlusion of the vessel (documented by blood flow measurement and by angiographic analysis), or to a spontaneous partial restoration of flow, followed by another decrease, in a repetitive fashion. Drug effect was monitored by observing the changes in frequency and amplitude of CBFV. Ketanserin (0.25 mg/kg), dazmegrel (0.5 mg/kg), and chlorpromazine (0.5 mg/kg), abolished or greatly reduced CBFV in all the experiments, while acetylsalycilic acid (ASA, 10 mg/kg) reduced or abolished CBFV in 60% of the treated dogs. Heparin (50 I.U./kg), dipyridamole (1.0 mg/kg) and prazosin (0.1 mg/kg) did not change CBFV. These results emphasize the importance of serotonin and thromboxane as mediators of vascular occlusion in this particular experimental model. This approach provides a reproducible in vivo preparation to study the pharmacological control of peripheral arterial thrombosis.Send offprint requests to M. Prosdocimi at the above address     

The effect of Bitis gabonica (Gaboon viper) snake venom on external iliac and mesenteric arterial circulation in the dog

The effects of Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica) venom on external iliac and mesenteric arterial blood flow and resistance were investigated in eight anaesthetized, close-chest dogs. Venom doses in the range 0.125 – 0.5 mg/kg produced a profound fall in external iliac and mesenteric arterial resistance, which recovered to control values after 30 min. After a third dose of venom, the mean arterial blood pressure failed to recover and the animals died after a period of severe hypotension. External iliac arterial blood flow rose concomitantly with the fall in external iliac resistance and decreased to a value significantly below control after 30 min. Paradoxically, mesenteric blood flow fell during the period of vasodilation. The results suggest that widespread vasodilation of muscle vascular beds (of which the external iliac circulation is representative) leads to shunting of blood away from the less-dilated mesenteric circulation. Venom-induced peritoneal haemorrhage caused a fall in blood volume and increase in viscosity. These undoubtedly contributed to the severe haemodynamic deterioration of the preparations after the third injection of the venom.     

骨科大手术后深静脉血栓形成的观察、预防及护理分析

目的对应用全面护理模式对接受大手术治疗后出现深静脉血栓的骨科患者实施护理的临床效果进行研究分析。方法选择82例接受大手术治疗后出现深静脉血栓的骨科患者,将其分为对照组和干预组,每组41例。对照组患者在术后接受常规护理;干预组患者在术后接受全面护理干预。结果干预组患者手术治疗成功率（97．6％）明显高于对照组（80．5％）;手术结束后住院时间[（15．27＋2．85）d]明显短于对照组[（21．68±2．14）d];住院治疗费用和术后并发症率明显低于对照组。结论应用全面护理模式对接受大手术治疗后出现深静脉血栓的骨科患者实施护理的临床效果非常明显。     

The inhibitory effect of tachyplesin I on thrombosis and its mechanisms

Thrombotic diseases are major cause of cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to investigate the effect of tachyplesin I on platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Platelet aggregation was analysed with a whole blood aggregometer. The mice were employed to investigate the effect of tachyplesin I on thrombosis in vivo. Tachyplesin I inhibited thrombin‐induced platelet aggregation in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, tachyplesin I significantly reduced thrombosis in carrageenan‐induced tail thrombosis model by intraperitoneal injection (0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg) or intragastric administration (15, 30 or 60 mg/kg). Tachyplesin I also prolonged the bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT). The results revealed that tachyplesin I inhibited platelet aggregation and thrombosis by interfering the PI3K/AKT pathway. Tachyplesin I did not show significantly toxicity to mice under 300 mg/kg via intravenous injection. The results show that tachyplesin I inhibits thrombosis and has low toxicity. It is suggested that tachyplesin I has the potential to develop a new anti‐thrombotic drug.