高金合金与镍铬合金烤瓷冠临床应用效果的比较

目的探讨和比较高金合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠共120个的临床应用效果。方法分别制作高金合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠各60个,在烤瓷冠完成时和复查时,临床检查冠的颜色、颈缘染色、边缘密合度和牙折断、折裂情况,观察3年。结果高金合金烤瓷冠没有颈缘染色,在颜色和边缘密合度方面优于镍铬合金烤瓷冠（P〈0.05）;两组都末见牙折断、折裂及组织过敏反应。结论高金合金烤瓷冠比镍铬合金烤瓷冠有更好的临床效果。     

高金基底烤瓷冠的临床修复效果观察

目的评价高金基底烤瓷修复的基本特性。方法对临床修复制作的金沉积烤瓷、高金合金烤瓷和镍铬合金烤瓷各50件,进行修复后即刻和1a后的颜色、边缘密合度和强度及对牙周健康影响的观察和比较。结果边缘适合性：金沉积基底烤瓷冠与高金合金烤瓷冠接近,均明显优于镍铬合金烤瓷冠（P〈0．001）;天然牙色的恢复：金沉积基底烤瓷冠与高金合金烤瓷冠均优于镍铬合金烤瓷冠;三者在抗折裂、折断方面无明显差异。结论高金基底烤瓷修复效果优越,在临床中值得推广。     

金属烤瓷冠颈缘密合度的临床观察

目的：评价镍铬合金、高金合金及金沉积基底烤瓷冠的颈缘密合度。方法：分别制作镍铬合金、高金合金压金沉积基底烤瓷冠各100件。修复完成时和完成后18个月临床检查烤瓷冠的颈缘密合度。结果：金沉积及高金合金基底烤瓷冠的颈缘密合度明显优于镍铬合金（P〈0．05）。结论：金沉积及高金合金基底烤瓷冠有良好的颈缘密合度，具有临床推广价值。     

高金合金基底烤瓷修复体的临床效果观察

目的:观察比较高金合金基底烤瓷修复体与镍铬合金基底烤瓷修复体的临床修复效果.方珐:选择釉质发育不全、牙体缺损、四环素牙、变色牙患者87例,分别采用镍铬合金基底烤瓷冠(80件)和高金合金基底烤瓷冠(35件)进行修复,共制作修复体115件,临床观察24个月,观察比较烤瓷冠色泽、边缘密合度、烤瓷冠崩瓷与折裂、牙龈情况及颈缘染色现象.结果:高金合金基底烤瓷冠未出现颈缘染色现象,且其色泽、边缘密合度优于镍铬合金基底烤瓷冠.2种烤瓷修复体均未出现折裂和崩瓷现象.结论:高金合金烤瓷冠的修复效果明显优于镍铬合金烤瓷冠.     

高金合金、钛合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠对牙龈健康的对比研究

目的探讨高金合金、钛合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠对牙龈健康的影响。方法分别制作高金合金、钛合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠各60个（共180个）。在烤瓷冠完成时和复查时,临床检查冠的颜色、颈缘染色、边缘密合度和基牙的牙龈指数（GI）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）,观察3年。结果高金合金烤瓷冠无颈缘染色,在颜色和边缘密合度方面均优于钛合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠（P〈0．05）,基牙的牙龈指数、龈沟出血指数均低于钛合金、镍铬合金（P〈0．05）;钛合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠在以上各项指标对比中无差异;三组都未见组织过敏反应。结论高金合金烤瓷冠比钛合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠有更好的临床效果。     

3种金属烤瓷冠的临床应用效果比较

【目的】比较镍铬合金、纯钛和高金合金基底烤瓷冠的临床应用效果。【方法】对 12 0例单个上前牙需作金属烤瓷冠修复患者 ,分别制作铸造镍铬合金 ,纯钛和高金合金烤瓷冠各 40件 ,并进行多项临床指标 3年的追踪观察。【结果】纯钛和高金合金烤瓷冠边缘密合度相似 ,均优于镍铬合金烤瓷冠 (P <0 0 5 ) ;高金合金烤瓷冠颜色效果好 ,与镍铬合金烤瓷冠比较P <0 0 5 ,与纯钛烤瓷冠比较P <0 0 1;颈缘染色和龈缘炎在镍铬合金烤瓷冠组中发生率较高 ,前者 3组之间比较P <0 0 1,后者 3组之间比较P <0 0 5 ;纯钛烤瓷冠组瓷折裂比高金合金烤瓷冠组多见 (P <0 0 5 )。【结论】纯钛和高金合金烤瓷冠具有良好的边缘适合性和生物学适应性 ,优于镍铬合金烤瓷冠 ,纯钛烤瓷冠的颜色和抗折强度有待改善。     

金合金和镍铬合金烤瓷冠临床应用效果比较

目的探讨和比较高含金量金合金、次含金量金合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠的临床效果。方法分别制作高含金量金合金、次含金量金合金、镍铬合金烤瓷冠各50个,观察修复体颜色,边缘密合度,12个月后再观察修复体龈染色,牙龈指数,瓷折袭,继发龋情况。结果高含金量金合金、次含金量金合金烤瓷冠在边缘密合度(P<0.05),龈染色,牙龈指数(P<0.01)方面与镍铬合金烤瓷冠差异有显著性;高含金量金合金烤瓷冠颜色优于次含金量金合金和镍铬合金烤瓷冠(P<0.05)。三组均未见瓷折裂、继发龋。结论高含金量金合金,次含金量金合金烤瓷冠比镍铬合金烤瓷冠有更好的临床效果。     

金沉积烤瓷冠修复前牙的临床应用评价

目的 探讨金沉积烤瓷冠的临床修复应用效果. 方法 选择要求行前牙烤瓷冠修复的患者86例,分为A、B组,A组制作金沉积烤瓷冠60颗和B组制作镍铬合金烤瓷冠60颗.2年后临床检查边缘密合度、颈缘染色、冠的颜色及折裂、崩瓷情况. 结果 A组边缘密合度、冠的颜色均优于B组(P＜0.05),A组没有发现颈缘染色现象,复查期间两组均未出现折裂、崩瓷现象. 结论 金沉积烤瓷冠边缘密合度,美观性及抗折强度高,可以满足临床要求,值得推广应用.     

钴铬合金烤瓷冠与镍铬合金烤瓷冠的临床使用效果比较与分析

目的:比较镍铬合金、钴铬合金以及金合金基底烤瓷冠的临床应用效果。方法:对80例单个上前牙金属烤瓷冠修复患者,分别制作镍铬合金、钴铬合金烤瓷冠各40件,并对多项临床指标进行为期2年的追踪观察。结果:二种烤瓷冠的颜色匹配性、边缘密合度以及长期完整性相似(P<0.05),与镍铬合金烤瓷冠比较,钴铬合金烤瓷组的颈缘返青和龈缘炎发生率较低(P<0.01)。结论:钴铬合金烤瓷冠具有良好生物相容性,其临床表现优于镍铬合金烤瓷冠。     

前牙金沉积烤瓷冠修复临床疗效观察

目的 探讨金沉积烤瓷冠应用于前牙修复的临床效果.方法 采用金沉积烤瓷冠对50例前牙牙体缺损的患者进行修复并观察戴入及戴入烤瓷冠12个月后的冠边缘的密合度、牙龈边缘染色、冠折裂、颜色,崩瓷等情况.结果 金沉积烤瓷冠在完成时,各观察项目均效果良好,12个月后,48件成功、2例发现有轻度牙龈炎症.12例原镍铬合金烤瓷冠修复颈缘有黑线的患者采用金沉积冠修复后,牙龈颜色、形态正常,无牙龈炎症.结论 金沉积烤瓷冠修复前牙具有良好的临床效果.     

金属烤瓷冠与全瓷冠的临床应用比较

目的:比较烤瓷冠桥修复体及全瓷修复体对牙周组织以及其性能方面的研究。方法:对87例患者的247颗牙分别经镍铬合金烤瓷、贵金属烤瓷和铸造全瓷冠桥修复后1年进行复查,观察修复前后牙龈色泽、牙龈指数,同时用X-ray检查冠或桥有无瓷裂及桥体断裂。结果:有69.0%的镍铬合金烤瓷修复后1年牙龈发生变色,贵金属烤瓷和铸造全瓷对牙龈色泽影响很少或没有;镍铬合金烤瓷和贵金属烤瓷修复后牙龈指数与术前有显著性差异;铸造全瓷组术前和术后无明显差异;但铸造全瓷发生瓷裂及桥体断裂者比金属烤瓷修复体明显。结论:铸造全瓷牙修复对牙周组织的影响较少,但易发生瓷裂及桥体断裂的。     

Comparison of Clinical Effects of Au-Pt Based and Ni-Cr Based Porcelain Crowns

Objective To compare the long-term clinical effects of two kinds of crowns and bridges made of porcelain fused to Au-Pt alloy and Ni-Cr alloy. Methods A total of 131 teeth (64 patients) were rehabilitated using porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns, among which 59 were rehabilitated with Au-Pt alloy metal ceramic crown and 72 with Ni-Cr alloy metal ceramic crown. The porcelain fracture, shade, marginal adaptation, gingival discoloration, and gingival status after finishing restoration and 36 months of follow-up were evaluated. Results After 36 months of restoration, porcelain fused to Au-Pt alloy crown showed better clinical effects than porcelain fused to Ni-Cr alloy crown in shade, marginal adaptation, gingival discoloration, as well as gingival status (all P<0.05). Conclusion The Au-Pt alloy ceramic crown is superior to Ni-Cr alloy ceramic crown in long-term clinical effects.     

金沉积烤瓷冠应用于前牙修复的临床价值探讨

目的探讨金沉积烤瓷冠应用于前牙修复的临床价值。方法 74例患者被随机分为实验组（n=38）和对照组（n=36）,对照组采用镍铬合金烤瓷冠修复,实验组采用金沉积烤瓷冠治疗。结果在颜色、牙龈染色、牙周组织健康,边缘适合性等方面,金沉积烤瓷冠明显优于镍铬合金烤瓷冠（P〈0.05）;在瓷崩瓷裂方面,两组差异无显著性。结论金沉积烤瓷冠应用于前牙修复安全有效,是良好的修复体,值得在临床上应用和推广。     

镍铬合金镀金烤瓷冠对牙周组织的影响分析

目的:对比分析镍铬合金镀金烤瓷冠对牙周组织的影响。方法:选择临床病例30例,采用镍铬合金烤瓷冠和镍铬合金镀金烤瓷冠修复,分别以修复前和修复6～8个月后,采集龈沟液并分析AST、ALP活性。结果:两种方法修复前,健康状况相似,各指标间无差异(P>0.05),但镍铬合金烤瓷冠修复6～8个月后,GCF量、GCF-AST、GCF-ALP的水平与修复前均有显著差异(P<0.05),而镍铬合金镀金烤瓷冠则无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:镍铬合金镀金烤瓷冠可以替代贵金属烤瓷冠在临床普及应用。     

磨牙纵折保留修复的临床观察

目的:探讨利用桩核烤瓷冠辅以牙龈切除术或牙冠延长术修复纵折至龈下的磨牙,以提高纵折磨牙保存成功率的方法。方法:对56例劈裂至龈下的第一磨牙去除牙折片后采用镍铬合金桩核加3种不同种类烤瓷冠(镍铬合金烤瓷冠、金铂合金烤瓷冠、IPS EmpressⅡ铸瓷冠)进行修复,部分配合牙冠延长术或牙龈切除术,随访观察1年,比较直接修复和配合牙周手术对修复效果的影响,以及不同种类烤瓷冠对修复效果的影响。结果:纵折磨牙拔除牙折片后采用桩核烤瓷冠直接修复和配合牙冠延长术修复,随诊观察1年后的修复有效率分别为80%和94.4%,后者治疗效果好于前者,差异有统计学意义。两种修复方法中,失败者均出现在镍铬合金烤瓷冠修复中。结论:修复劈裂至龈下的纵折磨牙采用桩核烤瓷冠配合牙冠延长术或牙龈切除术是一种有效的治疗方法,贵金属烤瓷冠和全瓷冠的应用会进一步提高修复效果。     

Influence of different post core materials on the color of Empress 2 full ceramic crowns

Background For esthetic consideration, dentin color post core materials were normally used for all-ceramic crown restorations. However, in some cases, clinicians have to consider combining a full ceramic crown with a metal post core. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to test the esthetical possibility of applying cast metal post core in a full ceramic crown restoration. Methods The color of full ceramic crowns on gold and Nickel-Chrome post cores was compared with the color of the same crowns on tooth colored post cores. Different try-in pastes were used to imitate the influence of a composite cementation on the color of different restorative combinations. The majority of patients could not detect any color difference less than △E 1.8 between the two ceramic samples. So, △E 1.8 was taken as the objective evaluative criterion for the evaluation of color matching and patients＇ satisfaction. Results When the Empress 2 crown was combined with the gold alloy post core, the color of the resulting material was similar to that of a glass fiber reinforced resin post core （△E = 0.3）. The gold alloy post core and the try-in paste did not show a perceptible color change in the full ceramic crowns, which indicated that the color of the crowns might not be susceptible to change between lab and clinic as well as during the process of composite cementation. Without an opaque covering the Ni-Cr post core would cause an unacceptable color effect on the crown （△E = 2.0）, but with opaque covering, the color effect became more clinically satisfactory （△E = 1.8）. Conclusions It may be possible to apply a gold alloy post core in the Empress 2 full ceramic crown restoration when necessary. If a non-extractible Ni-Cr post core exists in the root canal, it might be possible to restore the tooth with an Empress 2 crown after covering the labial surface of the core with one layer of opaque resin cement.     

Fatigue cyclic loading test of an auro-galvanoforming ceramic bridge

Background In dental clinics, dentition defects are commonly restored with conventional porcelain-fused-to-metal fixed bridges. However, Ni-Cr alloy ceramic fixed bridges are known to have several drawbacks such as marginal coloration of the neck, low casting precision and, most seriously, poor biocompatibility. These problems could be circumvented by using noble metal ceramic bridges; however, one negative issue related to the conventional noble metal ceramic bridges is its high price due to the use of a large amount of gold for pontic. Therefore, an auro-galvanoforming ceramic bridge would be ideal to retain the advantages of a conventional material, yet reduce the amount of noble metal used. This study aimed to investigate whether any destructive changes occur to the auro-galvanoforming ceramic bridge under a fatigue cyclic loading test. Methods On standard models which the left maxillary first premolar is lost and with the cuspid teeth and the second premolar as the fixed bridge abutment teeth, six maxillary auro-galvanoforming ceramic bridges and six corresponding nichrome ceramic jointed crowns were made as group A, six nichrome ceramic bridges and six corresponding nichrome ceramic jointed crowns were made as group B （control group）. And then all specimens were fixed and tested on a fatigue cyclic loading machine; the changes occurring to the surfaces of occlusal contact with large functional area and to the porcelain-metal interfaces of the nichrome primary copings margins were observed through a scanning electron microscope （SEM）. Results In 120 hours＇ continual observation, none of the specimens had porcelain coating fractures or scraping occurrence and all of the porcelain coatings had been kept intact under sinusoidal cyclic loading with the load range of 120-200 N and frequency of 5 Hz. Conclusions Auro-galvanoforming ceramic bridges exhibited excellent fatigue strength in the fatigue cyclic loading test and may satisfy the clinical demand in theory, while the practical application shall be     

不同金属烤瓷冠修复对牙周组织及龈沟周围细胞因子的影响

目的探究不同金属烤瓷冠修复对牙周组织及龈沟周围细胞因子的影响。方法选择90例患者共90颗牙按照烤瓷冠金属材料不同分为三组:镍铬合金组、钴铬合金组和钛合金组,每组各30例。以自身对侧同名健康的天然牙作为基准进行对照。比较三种烤瓷冠修复后12个月对牙龈组织的影响情况,检测患者修复牙和对照牙龈沟菌斑指数、龈沟出血指数、龈沟探诊深度及龈沟液中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,并进行比较。结果在修复后12个月三组修复牙与对照牙比较,菌斑指数、龈沟出血指数、龈沟探诊深度升高,镍铬合金组和钴铬合金组龈沟出血指数与龈沟探诊深度高于钛合金组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患牙VEGF、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均较对照牙升高(P<0.05),钛合金组修复牙VEGF、IL-1β、TNF-α水平低于镍铬合金组和钴铬合金组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论镍铬合金烤瓷冠对牙周组织和牙龈有比较明显的不利影响,而钛合金烤瓷冠对牙周组织和牙龈的影响较小。     

镍铬、金合金烤瓷牙修复后不同时期龈沟液IL-8含量水平探讨

目的：探讨金合金、镍铬烤瓷牙修复对牙周组织的影响。方法：选取我院2011年5月～2012年5月期间的80例前牙缺损患者,根据修复内冠材料不同将其分为金合金组、镍铬合金组,观察不同时期天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、IL-8水平、龈沟液量（GCF）、碱性磷酸（ALP）。结果：修复后1周,两种合金烤瓷在龈沟液量、IL-8总量上与修复前比较,具有统计学意义;修复后3、6个月时,金合金组上述指标明显下降,至6个月时逐渐恢复至修复前水平,而镍铬合金组上述指标在修复6个月时与修复前比较,具有统计学意义,金合金组在修复3、6个月时,上述指标明显低于镍铬合金组;在IL-8含量上,两种合金烤瓷仅在修复3个月时有统计学差异,修复6个月时,两种金属烤瓷均恢复至修复前水平;镍铬合金组修复6个月时AST、ALP与修复前比较均存在明显差异,而金合金组在修复6个月时,AST水平也比修复前显著提高,在ALP上,修复6个月时,金合金组与健康牙差异不大。结论：金合金对牙龈的刺激较小,是烤瓷压内冠的理想材料。     

IPS Empress 2全瓷冠修复的临床应用

目的评价IPS Empress 2全瓷冠修复技术修复上颌前牙的临床效果。方法将56例患者172颗牙分成两组,试验组30例86颗牙,以IPS Empress 2全瓷冠修复技术修复;对照组26例86颗牙,以镍铬合金烤瓷冠修复。采用根据美国加州牙科协会修定的评价标准,对其临床结果进行追踪评价。结果经3年的临床观察,试验组在颜色满意程度、边缘适合性、边缘变色、术后敏感、牙龈着色、牙龈反应方面均优干对照组(P<0.01或0.05),修复体完整度方面,两组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论IPS Empress 2全瓷冠修复技术治疗牙列缺损、缺失和变色的临床效果令人满意。