Aspects biologiques des interactions de l’exercice et de la récupération

Subject

The use of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry technique (FT-IR) as a pitch technique of the biological control of short and intense exercises close to those of Rugby matches.

Material and method

In reference to 28 rugbymen of international level, the biological results of three short and intense exercises and two periods of recovery were analyzed by TF-IR. The exercises are: (1) sprints; (2) 12 × 20 m of swerve running; (3) 6 × 30 s of shuttle run.

Results

Lactate, glucose, urea, and to a lesser degree, triglycerides showed a significant evolution. If the evolution of the two first was in conformity with the literature, the increase of urea probably results from the activation of the purins–nucleotides cycle, whereas the evolution of triglycerides is explained by their probable muscular use during periods of active recovery. Among proteins related to the healthy sportsman, only haptoglobin presents a significant variation difficult to explain whereas CRP, orosomucoid and immunoglobulins A, G and M remain close to their rest values.

Conclusion

With the use of FT-IR technique, it is possible to intervene directly on the pitches of the sporting practice to control the biological incidences and to adjust the loads individually. It is also possible to detect inflammatory and immunological problems related to the biomechanical and physiological stresses.     

Facteurs de la variation de la fréquence cardiaque maximale: hypothèse «enképhalinique

To try to explain the decrease in maximal heart rate under different situations (ie, chronic hypoxia, ageing, proteino-energetic malnutrition), cardiac concentration and flow of leucine-encephalin peptide in isolated and perfused hearts were studied in rats. The heart leucine-encephalin concentration which was 301 ± 60 fmol/g before perfusion, increased up to 543 ± 125 fmol/g after perfusion (1 h). The total release during perfusion was four times the initial concentration. Concerning the antagonism of leucine-encephalin on cardiotropic adrenergic effects on isolated cardiomyocytes, it is possible to propose this mechanism to explain totally or partially the decrease in maximal heart rate under particular situations.     

Técnicas de recanalización vertebrobasilar antes de la introducción de las endoprótesis recuperadoras: la reapertura no es sinónimo de buena evolución

Objectives

To evaluate the recanalization rate and clinical outcome three months after endovascular treatment for vertebrobasilar occlusion before the placement of stentrievers.

Material and methods

We reviewed all cases of basilar thrombosis treated with endovascular techniques at our center. We reviewed the clinical outcomes with the main objective of determining the recanalization rate and the secondary objective of evaluating the outcome using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) three months after treatment. We assessed clinical and angiographic variables and correlated them with outcome and complications.

Results

We reviewed a total of 27 consecutive patients (mean age, 58.1 ± 15.5 y; median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), 21, interquartile range, 18-29; median Glasgow coma score (GCS) 7, interquartile range, 4-9.5). The mean time between the onset of symptoms and endovascular treatment was 26.3 ± 41.7 hours. Complete or partial recanalization was achieved in 23 (85.1%) patients. Three months after treatment, 16 (59.2%) had died and 6 (22.2%) had good outcome (mRS ≤ 2).

Conclusion

Endovascular treatment achieved a high rate of recanalization of occlusions of the basilar artery. Nevertheless, a high percentage of the patients did not have a good outcome. New materials might improve the prognosis in these patients.     

Effets de la reprise d’une activité physique régulière sur les capacités physiques et la qualité de vie d’hommes atteints du syndrome métabolique

Objective

To assess the effects of aerobic training on physical capacities and quality of life in men with metabolic syndrome (Mets), using field evaluation tools.

Synthesis

The physical capacities and the quality of life of eight men with Mets (59.5 ± 4.8 years old) was assessed before and after 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training by the 6 minutes walking test and the quality of life, obesity and dietetics scale.

Conclusion

Aerobic exercise training of 8 weeks improves physical capacities and the psychosocial impact dimension of quality of life in men with Mets, without generating anthropometric modification.     

Effet de l'entraînement sur l'anabolisme musculaire : analyse de la réceptivité à la testostérone

This study analysed consequences of testosteronemia changes on anabolic process after endurance physical training. During 8 weeks, rats were physically trained in endurance tests. Plasmatic testosterone concentrations were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), weight of three skeletal muscles (soleus, EDL, tibialis anterior) and total muscular protein concentrations were significantly increased (P < 0.05). After endurance physical training muscular hypertrophy was well evidenced (P < 0.05). The analyse of testosterone muscular receptor was performed, permitting two essentials conclusions: according to fibre histological profiles, hormonal receptivity was more profound on fast-twitch muscles (P < 0.05); this hormonal receptivity persists as well as testosteronemia, which was significantly diminished with endurance training.