Fas配体基因在肾细胞癌中的表达及其意义

目的 探讨Ｆａｓ配体（ｒａｓ ｌｉｇａｎｄ,ＦａｓＬ）基因在肾细胞癌中的表达及临床临床。方法 应用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）及免疫组织技术化学分别检测ＦａｓＬ ｍＲＮＡ及蛋白在５１例肾细胞癌中的表达。结果 ５１例肿瘤 ３２例ＦａｓＬ基因阳性表达。其中１、２、３级肿瘤中ＦａｓＬ的阳性表达率分别为２５．０％、６３．６％、８８．２％,１、２、３、４期肿瘤肿瘤中Ｆａｓｌ的阳性表达率分别为３１．６     

肾癌表皮生长因子受体和增殖细胞核抗原表达的研究

采用免疫组化法对４０例肾癌组织中表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）及增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）进行检测，取２０例远离癌组织的旁肾组织作为对照。发现肾癌组织ＧＥＦＲ阳性表达显著高于对照组，ＥＧＦＲ表达与肿瘤分级分期无相关性。肾癌组织的ＰＣＮＡ增殖指数随肿瘤分级的上升而增高。ＰＣＮＡ高表达组（增殖指数大于１０％）术后生存时间显著较ＰＣＮＡ低表达组（小于或等于１０％）短，强调指出那些临床低分期但ＰＣＮＡ高表达     

血管内皮细胞生长因子mRNA在肾细胞癌中的表达

用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴＰＣＲ）方法检测２０例肾细胞癌组织和癌周组织血管内皮细胞生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）ｍＲＮＡ的表达，有１８例癌组织表达ＶＥＧＦｍＲＮＡ，表达率为９０％；２例无表达。癌周组织仅有３例表达ＶＥＧＦｍＲＮＡ，表达率为１５％，两组间有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明，ＶＥＧＦ在肾细胞癌的生长和进展过程中起重要作用，通过诱导血管内皮细胞通透性和内皮细胞的增生，促进肿瘤生长。以ＶＥＧＦ作为靶分子的基因治疗将提高防治肾癌进展和转移的水平。     

肾癌浸润淋巴细胞凋亡与Fas及其配基表达

为探讨肾癌Ｆａｓ、Ｆａｓ配基 (ＦａｓＬ)异常与免疫逃避的关系 ,应用免疫组织化学技术检测 4 4例肾癌组织的Ｆａｓ、ＦａｓＬ、Ｋｉ6 7表达以及肿瘤周围浸润淋巴细胞(ＴＩＬ)凋亡 ,将肾癌细胞株 786 0、ＧＲＣ 1与ＪｕｒｋａｔＴ淋巴细胞共培养以检测肿瘤ＦａｓＬ功能。一、资料和方法肾癌患者 4 4例的组织标本 ,12例取远离肾癌的正常肾组织 12份作为对照。患者平均 4 9岁。其中透明细胞癌 30例 ,颗粒细胞癌 14例。按Ｒｏｂｓｏｎ分期 ,各分期例数见表 1。ＧＲＣ 1为肾颗粒细胞癌细胞株 ,786 0为肾透明细胞癌细胞株 ,Ｊｕｒｋａｔ细胞为…     

Fas/APO-1 在泌尿系肿瘤细胞中的表达

为了探讨Ｆａｓ／ＡＰＯ１在泌尿系恶性肿瘤发生发展中的作用，采用免疫细胞化学方法对６种泌尿系肿瘤细胞，膀胱癌（Ｔ２４，ＥＪ，ＢＩＵ８７），肾癌（ＧＲＣ１，ＲＣＣ９４９），前列腺癌（ＰＣ３Ｍ）和一种原代培养正常肾间质成纤维细胞Ｆａｓ／ＡＰＯ１分子的表达进行了检测。结果显示原代培养正常肾间质成纤维细胞和Ｔ２４细胞系Ｆａｓ／ＡＰＯ１分子表达较强，ＰＣ３Ｍ属中等强度表达，ＲＣＣ９４９与ＢＩＵ８７属微弱表达，而ＥＪ及ＧＲＣ１则不表达。Ｆａｓ／ＡＰＯ１在泌尿系恶性肿瘤培养细胞中的表达强度偏低或完全不表达，可能参与了泌尿系恶性肿瘤的发生和发展。     

nm23-H1基因mRNA在人肝细胞癌中的表达

目的　研究人肝细胞癌中肿瘤转移抑制基因ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ 的ｍＲＮＡ表达状况,并探讨其表达水平与肿瘤各项临床病理指标间的相关性。方法　应用半定量ＲＴＰＣＲ 方法检测分析人肝细胞癌组织、相应癌旁肝组织中ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ 的ｍＲＮＡ表达。结果　１５ 例肝癌及癌旁肝组织ＲＴＰＣＲ结果均为阳性,未见ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ 基因表达缺失或较大变异;肝癌组织中ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ ｍＲＮＡ表达水平明显高于相应癌旁组织（ Ｐ＝ ０－０３５）;ＡＦＰ阳性组ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ ｍＲＮＡ表达水平明显高于ＡＦＰ阴性组（ Ｐ＝０－００５） 。结论　人肝细胞癌中ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ 基因ｍＲＮＡ的异常表达可能与肿瘤的恶性生物学特征密切相关。     

Fas配体在泌尿生殖肿瘤细胞系及肾癌组织中的表达

目的 明确Ｆａｓ配体在泌尿生殖肿瘤细胞系及肾癌组织中的表达情况。方法 采用免疫细胞化学和反转录ＰＣＲ（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）法检测膀胱癌（Ｔ２４、ＢＩＵ－８７、ＥＪ）、肾癌（ＧＲＣ－１、ＲＣＣ－９４９）、前列腺癌（ＰＣ－３Ｍ）及１０例肾癌组织上Ｆａｓ配体的表达。结果 免疫细胞化学方法检测细胞系中Ｆａｓ配体表达于ＢＩＵ－８７、ＲＣＣ－９４９和ＧＲＣ－１细胞,而以ＢＩＵ－８７和ＲＣＣ－９４９细胞系表达较强,在     

肉瘤样肾细胞癌组织中P53基因突变

为了明确Ｐ５３基因突变与肾癌发生发展的关系，采用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ方法和免疫组织化学方法对３７例肾癌新鲜标本进行Ｐ５３基因检测。结果显示：７例Ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ表达明显高于正常对照，９例（２４．３％）Ｐ５３蛋白过表达；３７例肾癌组织中３例为肉瘤样肾细胞癌或组织中含肉瘤样癌细胞成分，此３例（１００．０％）均有Ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ和Ｐ５３蛋白过表达，都有肾门或腹膜后淋巴结转移；３４例透明细胞和颗粒细胞癌中４例（１１．８％）Ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ高表达，６例（１７．６％）Ｐ５３蛋白过表达，其中１例有肾静脉癌栓，１例有肾门淋巴结转移，另１例取自切口转移癌组织。结果表明：肉瘤样肾细胞癌中有频繁的Ｐ５３基因突变，可能是肾癌细胞向肉瘤样癌细胞转化的关键因素之一。     

Fas在正常睾丸组织及精原细胞瘤中的表达

采用免疫组化、原位杂交、反转录ＰＣＲ（ＲＴＰＣＲ）法检测正常睾丸及精原细胞瘤组织中Ｆａｓ蛋白及ＦａｓｍＲＮＡ的表达,以明确Ｆａｓ在正常睾丸组织及精原细胞瘤中的表达情况。材料与方法　精原细胞瘤石蜡标本为１９８７年至１９９７年本所病理室存档蜡块,均经病理确诊。正常睾丸组织蜡块共７例,病理切片证明均有正常睾丸发育。正常新鲜睾丸组织１例,来源于意外伤亡的健康青年,液氮冻存。免疫组化方法检测Ｆａｓ蛋白表达所用的一抗为亲和纯化的兔抗人Ｆａｓ多克隆抗体,Ｆａｓ（Ｃ２０）（购自美国ＳａｎｔａＣｒｕｚ生物技术…     

转化生长因子和表皮生长因子受体在人膀胱癌中的表达

通过分子杂交方法，对膀胱癌产体肿瘤（人）进行ＴＧＦα，ＴＧＦβ和ＥＧＦＲ ｍＲＮＡ表达的研究。结果显示：９例膀胱癌均有ＴＧＦαｍＲＮＡ不同程度的表达，１例癌０旁正常对照未见表达。５对样品（肿瘤和癌旁正常组织自身对照）ＴＧＦββｍＲＮＡ均有表达，其中４例肿瘤样品比自身癌旁正常组织对照量更高。９例肿瘤样品中４例ＥＧＦＲ高表达，均为恶性程度高的肿瘤。由此推测：ＴＧＦαｍＲＮＡ高表达是肿瘤发生发展的早期表     

Fas和FasL蛋白在肾癌组织中的表达及意义

目的　探讨凋亡相关基因产物Fas和FasL蛋白在肾癌发生中的作用以及与转移、预后的关系。方法　采用免疫组织化学方法对46例肾癌组织和15例正常肾组织Fas和FasL蛋白的表达进行检测。结果　肾癌组织Fas表达率为18.14%,低于正常肾组织（46.15%,P<0.05）,随肾癌分级的增加,表达强度下降。肾癌组织FasL蛋白表达率为70.26%,高于正常肾组织（10.32%,P<0.05）,随肾癌分级的增加,表达强度增高。正常肾组织Fas与FasL的表达有相关性（r=0.689,P<0.05）,肾癌组织无相关性（r=0.143,P>0.05）,有淋巴结转移组FasL(89.42%)与无淋巴结转移组(60.39%)比较,差别有显著性意义(P<0.01)。生存率>5年组Fas(25.39%)和FasL(61.26%)与生存率<5年组Fas(15.24%)和FasL(85.35%)的差别均有显著性意义(P均<0.05)。结论　Fas和FasL蛋白相互作用失衡在肾癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,表达情况与肾癌病理分级及转移、预后有一定关系。     

Referral pattern of urological malignancy in Indonesia

In the 10 years between 1976 and 1985, 202,111 patients were admitted to Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Of these, 211 (0.1%) had a urological malignancy. Bladder tumours were commonest and constituted 39%. Testicular tumours accounted for 24%, renal tumours 18%, prostatic carcinoma 13% and penile tumours 6%. Bladder tumours were predominantly transitional cell carcinoma; only 2 patients presented with squamous cell tumours associated with bladder stones. In 50 cases of testicular tumour, 72% were seminomas and 22% were embryonal cell carcinomas. Wilms' tumours accounted for 21 of 39 cases of renal malignancy; the other 18 were renal carcinomas. No urogenital malignant disease was sufficiently common to be included in either the top 10 malignancy list or the male top 10 malignant diseases in Indonesia.     

FasmRNA在增生性瘢痕中的表达

目的：探讨FasmRNA在增生性瘢痕中的表达情况,方法：原位杂交法检测42例增生性瘢痕和42例正常皮肤组织中FasmRNA的表达,采用逆转录PCR检测42例增生性瘢痕中FasmRNA的表达。结果：原位杂交法检出42例增生性瘢痕和42例正常皮肤组织中FasmRNA表达率分别为23％和64％,差异有显著性（P＜0．01）;RT－PCR法检出42例增生性瘢痕中FasmRNA阳性表达25例,阳性率为59．5％,阳性表达组中无缺失突变,结论：FasmRNA在增生性瘢痕中表达明显减少,可能是瘢痕形成的重要原因之一。     

肾移植术后并发泌尿系统恶性肿瘤22例

目的 分析肾移植受者泌尿系统恶性肿瘤的发病情况,并探讨其发病机理及治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析1978年至2010年12月间肾移植受者发生泌尿系统恶性肿瘤22例的资料.结果 22例的病理检查结果分别为膀胱移行上皮细胞癌9例(其中1例第3次手术后发现转化为腺癌),膀胱鳞状细胞癌1例,膀胱腺癌1例,肾透明细胞癌3例(其中2例为双侧肾癌),肾低分化癌1例,肾盂移行细胞癌1例,肾盂+膀胱移行细胞癌1例,输尿管移行细胞癌2例,输尿管+膀胱移行细胞癌2例,输尿管移行细胞癌+膀胱腺癌1例.肾癌及输尿管癌均发生在患者原肾及输尿管.11例膀胱癌患者中9例存活,均保有全部或部分肾功能;4例肾癌患者均在发病后半年内死亡;肾盂癌、输尿管癌除2例术后早期死亡外,其余5例存活.22例发现肿瘤后1年存活率为73.7%.结论 肾移植后泌尿系统恶性肿瘤可见少见的病理类型.治疗中应注意免疫抑制剂的使用和移植肾功能保护的问题.肾实质性恶性肿瘤预后很差.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the incidence of urological malignancy in renal allograft recipients and explore the mechanism of increased incidence in China and the management. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 22 patients with urological malignancy in renal allograft recipients between 1978 and 2010. Results Twenty-two cases of urological malignancy were diagnosed by pathologic evidence, including 9 cases of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of bladder, 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma of bladder, 1 case of adenocarcinoma of bladder, 1 case of TCC of pelvis, 1 case of TCC of bladder and pelvis, 1 case of TCC of ureter complicated with adenocarcinoma of bladder, 2 cases of TCC of ureter, 2 cases of TCC of ureter and bladder, 3 cases of clear cell carcinoma of kidney, and 1 case of undifferentiated carcinoma of kidney. All the malignancies belonged to native organs. All the patients suffering bladder cancer had normal function of allograft. Five patients with TCC of pelvis or ureter survived and 2 cases died early after operation. All the patients suffering renal carcinoma deceased within 6 months after diagnosis. One-year survival rate was 73. 7 % after the diagnosis of urological malignancy. Conclusion Urological malignancy ranked highest in malignancy in renal allograft recipients, and rare pathological types of urological malignancy in non-renal allograft recipients are often demonstrated. The strategy of treatment should take consideration of the relationship between the usage of immunosupressive agents and the preservation of allograft function. It is critical for the therapy of malignancies to possess satisfactory allograft function. The prognosis of renal cell carcinoma is poor.     

Evaluation of survivin reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for noninvasive detection of bladder cancer

PURPOSE: Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis gene family, is expressed in most common cancers. We investigated the expression pattern of survivin in the tumors of patients with bladder cancer and assessed the diagnostic potential of RT-PCR detection of survivin mRNA in urine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: RT-PCR was used to analyze mRNA expression of survivin in 161 cases of bladder cancer, including TCC in 97, SCC in 53 and adenocarcinoma in 11, and their matched nontumor tissues. Urine specimens (50 ml) were collected from 84 patients in whom bladder cancer was documented by transurethral resection or biopsy, 41 with nonbladder cancer urological diseases and 42 healthy volunteers. Total RNA was extracted from urine sediments and RT-PCR was performed for survivin. RESULTS: Survivin expression was detected in all bladder cancer tissues. In contrast, survivin was not detectable in normal urothelium specimens. Urinary survivin was detected in urine samples from 51 of 53 patients with TCC, 22 of 25 with SCC and 6 of 6 with adenocarcinoma. Overall sensitivity was 94%. Survivin mRNA was not detected in any healthy volunteers. Positive results were obtained in 2 patients with renal cell carcinoma, 1 with hematuria and 1 with a contracted bladder but in none with other urological diseases. Overall specificity was 95%. CONCLUSIONS: Survivin mRNA detection in urine sediment using RT-PCR shows high sensitivity and specificity for bladder cancer. It may prove useful for the routine screening and monitoring of patients.     

Detection of circulating immune complexes by polyethyleneglycol precipitations complement consumption test in urological malignant diseases

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were detected and quantitated in 49 patients with urological malignant diseases (9 cases of renal cell cancer, 3 cases of renal pelvic and ureter cancer, 21 cases of bladder cancer and 16 cases of prostatic cancer), 9 patients with urological benign diseases and in normal subjects by the polyethylene-glycol precipitation complement consumption test (PEG-CC test). The average CIC level was 2.7 +/- 3.0% in 18 normal subjects and the normal range was less than 10% of the CIC level. CIC level of patients with renal cell cancer was 14.3 +/- 20.1%, being elevated in 3 of the 9 patients, that of patients with renal pelvic and ureter cancer was 4.7 +/- 4.6%, being within the normal range in 3 cases, that of patients with bladder cancer was 4.7 +/- 4.4%, being elevated in 1 of 21 patients, and that of patients with prostatic cancer was 8.9 +/- 15.4%, being elevated in 3 of 16 patients. In urological malignant diseases such as renal cell cancer and prostatic cancer the CIC values were relatively high.     

凋亡相关基因产物Fas／APO—1和bcl—2蛋白在肾癌组织中的表达及 …

目的 研究凋亡相关基因Ｆａｓ／ＡＰＯ－１和ｂｃｌ－２在肾癌发生发展中的作用。方法 采用免疫组织化学法对３５例肾癌组织和２６例远离肾癌的正常肾组织Ｆａｓ／ＡＰＯ－１和ｂｃｌ－２蛋白的表达进行检测。结果 肾癌组织Ｆａｓ／ＡＰＯ－１蛋白表达率５７．１４％,明显低于正常肾组织中的表达率（８４．６２％,Ｐ〈０．０５）,且表达强度也明显低下;而ｂｃｌ－２蛋白表达率为８０．０％,明显高于正常肾组织中的表达率（５     

Fas在正常睾丸组织及精原细胞瘤中的表达

目的 :明确Fas在正常睾丸组织及精原细胞瘤中的表达情况。　方法 :采用免疫细胞化学、原位杂交、反转录PCR(RT PCR)法检测 8例正常睾丸组织及 34例精原细胞瘤组织中Fas蛋白及FasmRNA的表达。　结果 :免疫组织化学方法发现在正常睾丸组织中的 3类主要细胞 (Leydig细胞、Sertoli细胞及生殖细胞 )中均有Fas分子表达 ;免疫组织化学和原位杂交方法在精原细胞瘤中检测到Fas表达阳性率分别为 41.18%和 38.2 4% ,表达水平明显减低或丧失 ,多呈现小片状或点状表达 ;RT PCR方法证明正常人睾丸组织中有FasmRNA的表达。　结论 :Fas在精原细胞瘤中的表达明显减少或丧失可能是精原细胞瘤形成及进展的原因。