介绍一种改良Masson三色染色法

为了更好地显示组织和细胞的细微结构 ,工作中常需制作 2 μm半薄切片供特殊染色用。在做Masson三色染色时 ,发现该染色方法对肌纤维、胞质、红细胞染色不够鲜艳 ,色泽偏浅 ,对比度差。针对这一现象 ,我们根据Masson三色染色原理 ,对传统染色方法进行改良 ,在丽春红 2R·酸性品     

Collagen and muscle stain obtained from Sorghum bicolor

Crude ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Sorghum bicolor L. Moench were used as stains for tissue sections. The alkaline mixtures did not stain any of the tissues used but the acidic and neutral alcoholic mixtures stained collagen fibres, muscles and red blood cells in shades of pinkish-yellow. Good contrast was obtained when nuclei were pre-stained with Weigert's haematoxylin. The ethanolic extract of S. bicolor was run through a column using silica gel (60-120 mesh) as the stationary phase and various dilutions of hexane, chloroform and ethanol as the mobile phase. Eight major fractions monitored with thin-layer chromatography were obtained but the staining compound was contained in the reddish-brown compound. Re-chromatography of this fraction showed a pure dye, which was used as a stain and subsequently eluted from the sections. Phytochemical screening of the eluted compound revealed that this is a flavonoid, previously described as apigeninidin, (3-deoxypelargonidin).     

The wright-giemsa stain. Secrets revealed

The colorful story of the development of the Wright-Giemsa stain is retold. Dramas are replayed, secrets are exposed, and laurels are properly returned to scientists long forgotten. The delicately balanced chemical composition of the stain, once enigmatic, is defined. Finally, an attempt is made to unshroud some of the mystery surrounding the staining method; tried-and-true procedures and useful snippets of laboratory lore are provided. Scientific explanations and reliable methods aside, however, the stain continues to possess a certain mystique, seemingly consisting of equal parts technical expertise, art, and magic.     

介绍一种改良的PTAH染色法

在常规病理诊断和科研中，常采用传统的磷钨酸苏木精(PTAH)染色法显示横纹肌的横纹。但此法染色时间长，所配试剂成熟期较长。为此，我们经大量实验，对该法进行了改进，收到了理想的染色效果。     

左大腿皮肤MerKel细胞瘤1例

患者男性,58岁。左大腿股内侧肿物2年余,近期显著增大伴皮肤破溃。查体:左大腿内侧腹股沟下方5cm处有大小为5cm×4cm肿物,略高出皮肤,触之稍硬,与皮肤不粘连,中央破溃,有淡黄色稀薄液体渗出。局麻下行肿物摘除术。 病理检查巨检:带皮肤肿物一个,皮肤大小3cm×2cm,表皮下有一5cm×4cm×4cm肿物,切面灰白、淡黄色,质脆。与     

Rapid screening of urine for significant bacteriuria by Gram stain,acridine orange stain,and the Autobac MTS system

Urine specimens submitted for microbiologic examination were screened for evidence of bacteriuria by three rapid methods: Gram staining, acridine orange staining, and the Autobac MTS system. The screening results were compared with those obtained by semiquantitative colony counts on agar plates. In this comparative study 1055 urine specimens were examined, of which 146 (13.8%) had colony counts of ≥1 × 10⁵/ml. All thre urine screening methods detected this level of bacteriuria at a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 55.2% (acridine orange), 66.0% (Gram stain), and 83.2% (Autobac), respectively. Of the 1055 urine specimens examined, 185 (17.5%) had colony counts of ≥1 × 10⁴/ml, at which level the sensitivity of the three methods was 93% and the specificity was 56.7% (acridine orange), 68.0% (Gram stain), and 86.0% (Autobac), respectively. For any level of sensitivity, the Autobac urine screen was shown to be more specific than either the Gram stain or the acridine orange method. The acridine orange stain was the least specific urine screen, especially at the upper limits of sensitivity.     

Optimum laser parameters for port-wine stain treatment

The choice of suitable laser parameters is important for effective treatment of port-wine stains. The considerations in the choice of laser parameters are discussed with the aim of coagulating and sealing the abnormal blood vessels and completely denaturing the associated perivascular tissues, while confining the thermal damage to the vicinity of the abnormal vessels. A mathematical model was used to simulate the volume absorbed photon intensity in skin for argon, dye, Nd:YAG, and CO 2 lasers. The model computes the number of photons absorbed within each region, and an optimum wavelength is chosen by selecting that which has the highest absorption ratio in the blood vessel compared with absorption in the epidermis and dermis. The model further computes the input energy and the corresponding pulse duration required to seal the blood vessels and hence remove the port-wine stain.     

A modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain for mycobacteria.

For the preliminary detection of mycobacteria in routine pathology specimens heavy reliance is placed on staining methods. Difficulties encountered with a cold-staining method, which had possibly gone un-noticed for several years despite a quality control check programme, are described. An alternative to the 'classical' Ziehl-Neelsen stain is described, which although devised initially as a 'stop-gap' is still in use eight years later.     

荧光染色技术检测细胞杀伤能力

目的:用羧基荧光素二醋酸盐琥珀酰亚胺酶(CFSE)及碘化丙锭(propidium iodide,PI)两种荧光染料标记方法检测小鼠脾细胞杀伤能力,并探讨其应用价值。方法:采用CFSE标记靶细胞,PI标记被杀伤细胞,并通过直接杀伤实验和双向杀伤实验验证方法可行性。分离各组C57BL/6小鼠脾细胞作为攻击细胞,Balb/c小鼠脾细胞经5μmol/LCFSE染色后作为靶细胞。将攻击细胞与靶细胞按20∶1的比例混合,培养6h后用PI染色10min,经流式细胞术分析。比较Balb/c小鼠脾细胞致敏C57BL/6小鼠组(免疫组)和地塞米松处理组的脾细胞杀伤能力。结果:CFSE及PI两种荧光染色细胞可以在流式细胞仪上明显区分。CFSE和PI双阳性细胞是被杀伤的靶细胞。免疫组与地塞米松处理组的杀伤能力差异存在显著性(P<0.05)。结论:CFSE与PI两种荧光染料染色的杀伤实验方法操作简单、方便,有良好的应用价值。     

常规HE染色中蓝化方法的改进

HE染色是病理技术人员的基本功,是生物学尤其是病理学及细胞学诊断工作中必不可少的染色方法。病理组织学的基本知识,绝大部分都是从观察HE染色标本中得来,其染色是否成功直接影响其他方法的选择与进行。但是在临床工作中我们发现,一些前期处理均好的切片,一旦进入氨水中进行蓝化时会出现个别脱片现象,尤其像脱钙后的骨组织、冷冻切片中的脂肪组织、平滑肌组织及甲状腺等纤维成分或脂肪成分多的组织更甚。为了克服其影响因素,减少或不出现脱片现象,我们对常规应用的1%氨水进行了改进,选用免疫组化染色常用的PBS(即磷酸盐缓冲液)替代氨水…     

细菌胞外糖染色显微镜检测技术

目的建立细菌胞外糖显微镜常规检测方法，确定胞外糖作为细菌定植和致病因素的实验依据。方法采用ｐＨ２５的阿利新蓝水溶液与刚果红水溶液联合对细菌胞外糖染色，以不产生胞外糖的枯草芽胞杆菌作为阴性对照，及以Ｃｏｓｔｅｒｔｏｎ的细菌胞外糖透射电镜观察法作为阳性对照。结果细菌细胞呈淡红色，胞外糖为深红色，背景呈蓝色。结论该方法简便易行，结果可靠，重复性好。比Ｃｏｓｔｅｒｔｏｎ的方法经济，更易推广     

Direct gram stain and urease test to detect Helicobacter pylori.

Antral biopsies were obtained by gastrointestinal endoscopy on 143 adult patients with dyspeptic symptoms of gastritis or peptic ulcer disease. A direct Gram stain and a direct urease test were performed on each biopsy in addition to culture. Forty-three biopsies (30%) were considered positive for Helicobacter pylori based on culture or histologic examination, or both. Thirty-one biopsies (72% sensitivity) were positive for both direct tests, whereas 95 of 100 negative cultures were negative for both tests. Thirty-eight of the 43 positive biopsies were Gram stain positive (sensitivity, 88%; specificity, 100%). The direct urease test alone was positive at 4 hr for 29 biopsies (sensitivity, 67%; specificity, 100%) and at 24 hr for 38 biopsies (sensitivity, 74%; specificity, 95%). Rapid presumptive diagnosis of H. pylori in antral biopsies was obtained when at least one direct test, Gram stain or urease, was positive.