胸腺五肽在白血病患者治疗过程中免疫调节方面的临床研究

目的观察胸腺五肽在急性白血病患者治疗过程中免疫调节方面的作用。方法将60例急性白血病患者随机分为观察组和对照组(各30例)。观察组患者在化疗期内配合应用胸腺五肽进行治疗,对照组患者仅进行常规化疗治疗。结果观察组同期CD3 细胞(T淋巴细胞)、CD4 细胞(辅助性T细胞或Th)细胞水平及CD4 /CD8 比值(Th/Ts比值)明显高于对照组(P<0.01),且化疗期间并发感染的程度减轻,抗生素应用天数减少,感染容易得到控制。结论胸腺五肽能明显改善患者T淋巴细胞功能,达到免疫调节的作用。     

苦参素联合胸腺五肽抗乙型肝炎病毒疗效观察

目的：观察苦参素联合胸腺五肽抗乙型肝炎病毒的疗效。方法：将慢性乙型肝炎100例随机分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组采用护肝、降酶及一般对症治疗;观察组在对照组治疗基础上,加用苦参素和胸腺五肽治疗,比较两组治疗有效率,两组治疗前后丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）和总胆红素（TBil）水平变化。结果：观察组有效16例,有效率32.0%;对照组有效6例,有效率12.0%,两组比较,差异显著（P＆lt;0.05）。两组治疗前后ALT、TBil水平比较,差异显著（P＆lt;0.05）;治疗后两组ALT、TBil水平比较,同样差异显著（P＆lt;0.05）。结论：苦参素联合胸腺五肽治疗慢性乙型肝炎有一定疗效。     

胸腺因子D治疗复发性口疮的疗效观察

目的 观察胸腺因子D对复发性口疮的疗效。方法 采用双盲法,将106例复发性口疮患者随机分为两组。治疗组隔日肌注一次胸腺因子D,用量5 mg,连续60 d。对照组肌注核酪2 ml,治疗后3个月、半年及1年复查。结果 胸腺因子D治疗后病人的充血、疼痛减轻,愈合时间缩短,复发间歇期延长,与核酪治疗组比较差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论 胸腺因子D对复发性口疮有良好的疗效。     

复方抗生素液治疗复发性口腔溃疡疗效观察

目的:采用复方抗生素液对复发性口腔溃疡进行治疗的临床疗效观察。方法抽取78例在我院就诊的患有复发性口腔溃疡的临床确诊患者病例,将其分为A、B两组,平均每组39例。分别采用复方抗生素液和冰硼散进行治疗。对两组患者的临床治疗效果、并发症和不良反应现象、再复发情况进行比较分析。结果两组患者的临床治疗效果比较,其A组的有效率明显高于B组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);该组患者出现再复发现象的人数明显少于B组患者,有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论采用复方抗生素液对复发性口腔溃疡的临床治疗效果满意,值得推广。     

中医辩证与咪唑斯汀治疗慢性荨麻疹疗效观察

目的 探讨中医辩证论治联合咪唑斯汀治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床疗效.方法 选用140例慢性荨麻疹患者进行观察,随机分为观察组和西药组,观察组采用中药汤剂玉屏风散联合咪唑斯汀治疗,西药组单纯采用咪唑斯汀治疗.对比观察两组患者临床治疗总有效率、不良反应和复发情况.结果 观察组临床治疗总有效率明显优于西药组,观察组的不良反应发生率和复发率明显低于西药组,两组数据对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 对慢性荨麻疹患者采用中医辩证论治联合咪唑斯汀治可以提高治疗效果,减少不良反应,复发率较低,适合慢性荨麻疹患者使用.     

抗生素联合糖皮质激素治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿64例疗效分析

目的:探讨抗生素联合糖皮质激素治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿的临床效果.方法:将我院收治的64例慢性阻塞性肺气肿患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组给予常规卧床休息、持续低流量吸氧、化痰、解痉、平喘、抗生素等对症支持治疗.观察组在对照组的基础上加用糖皮质激素治疗,分析两组治疗效果及不良反应发生情况.结果:对照组总有效率71.9％,观察组总有效率90.6％.两组总有效率经统计学分析,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).对照组出现1例恶心,1例胸痛患者,观察组出现1例腹泻,1例呕吐患者,两组不良反应发生情况经统计学分析,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:采用抗生素联合糖皮质激素治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿,疗效优于抗生素治疗,不良反应少,使用方便,值得临床推广应用.     

胸腺五肽对肺结核合并糖尿病免疫状态的影响

目的探讨胸腺五肽对肺结核合并糖尿病患者免疫状态的影响。方法将患者按随机数字表法分为两组,研究组和对照组各75例。所有患者均给予常规控制血糖和抗结核治疗。研究组在此基础上加用胸腺五肽注射液静脉滴注,2个月后观察和比较相关指标。结果两组患者治疗前外周血T淋巴细胞亚群检验指标比较无统计学差异(P>0.05),治疗后CD+4、CD+8和CD+4/CD+8均明显升高,研究组各指标改善效果明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗2个月后,研究组阴转67例(89.3%),对照组阴转52例(69.3%),两组间阴转率比较,有显著统计学差异(χ2=9.148,P<0.01)。研究组的治疗总有效率为96.0%,明显高于对照组的81.3%(χ2=8.027,P<0.01)。结论胸腺五肽应用于肺结核合并糖尿病患者的临床治疗有利于促进外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD+4、CD+8的增殖,提高机体免疫水平。     

拉米夫定联合胸腺五肽治疗慢性乙肝疗效观察

近年来 ,拉米夫定已广泛应用于治疗慢性乙型肝炎 (乙肝 ) ,并取得良好效果。但欲进一步提高清除病毒的有效方法须机体免疫系统参与。为此 ,我们于 2 0 0 0年 2～ 12月用免疫调节剂胸腺五肽对乙肝病人的免疫功能进行调节 ,将拉米夫定联合胸腺五肽与单独应用拉米夫定进行了疗效对比 ,前者效果较佳。1　对象和方法1 1　对象　按 1995年全国病毒性肝炎会议标准确诊为慢性乙肝轻、中、重度 ,ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢＡ ＤＮＡ均为阳性。分为拉米夫定、胸腺五肽 (联合 )组30例 ,男 19例 ,女 11例。拉米夫定 (单用 )组 30例 ,男 17例 ,女 13例…     

康复新液联合利多卡因辅以氧疗治疗复发性口腔溃疡疗效分析

目的 观察分析康复新液联合利多卡因辅以氧疗治疗复发性口腔溃疡的临床效果.方法 选取2019年10月至2020年10月焦作市五官医院收治的108例复发性口腔溃疡患者作为研究对象,并按照随机数表法将其随机分为研究组与常规组,每组54例,常规组患者予以利多卡因联合氧疗治疗,研究组患者在常规组治疗的基础上联合应用康复新液治疗,...     

部分脾动脉栓塞联合胸腺五肽对乙型肝炎肝硬化脾功能亢进患者细胞免疫和肝纤维化的作用北大核心CSCD

目的探讨部分脾动脉栓塞术(PSE)联合胸腺五肽对乙型肝炎(乙肝)肝硬化脾功能亢进患者细胞免疫、肝纤维化标记物和肝脏硬度值(LSM)的改善作用。方法选取84例乙肝肝硬化脾功能亢进患者,采用随机数字法分为对照组(n=42)和观察组(n=42)。均行PSE术,术后对照组予以护肝、抗感染、抗病毒及对症支持治疗,观察组在此基础上另予以胸腺五肽肌内注射,疗程24周。6个月后比较两组外周血淋巴细胞亚群(CD^(3+)、CD^(4+)、CD^(8+)、CD^(4+)/CD^(8+))、血清肝纤维化标记物[层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(C-Ⅳ)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)]水平及LSM(肝脏超声瞬时弹性成像测定)变化。结果6个月后,两组CD^(3+)、CD^(4+)计数百分率和CD^(4+)/CD^(8+)比率较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),CD^(8+)计数百分率较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),而观察组CD^(3+)、CD^(4+)计数百分率和CD^(4+)/CD^(8+)比率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),CD8+计数百分率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组LN、C-Ⅳ、HA、PCⅢ水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),而观察组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);对照组LSM较治疗前无显著降低(P>0.05),观察组LSM显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),且低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论乙肝肝硬化脾功能亢进患者PSE术后使用胸腺五肽可改善细胞免疫功能,降低肝纤维化标记物水平,降低肝脏硬度,综合疗效优于单独PSE,具有较好的临床推广价值。     

尿液分析仪(UF-1000i)检测参数对尿路感染的诊断价值

目的评价尿液分析仪(UF-1000i)检测参数细菌计数以及WBC计数对尿路感染的诊断价值。方法前瞻性分析78例具有尿频、尿急和尿痛的患者尿液WBC计数和细菌计数,以及尿液干化学亚硝酸盐检测结果。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线法分析WBC计数和细菌计数对尿路感染的诊断价值。以logisitic回归分析上述三个指标与尿路感染的关系是否独立。结果 WBC计数以及细菌计数诊断尿路感染的曲线下面积(95%可信区间)分别为0.90(0.83～0.97)和0.95(0.91～0.99),两者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。WBC计数的最佳诊断界值为46.45个/μl,此时的诊断敏感性(95%可信区间)以及特异性(95%可信区间)分别为0.79(0.61～0.91)和0.91(0.79～0.98)。细菌计数的最佳诊断界值为251.20个/ml,此时的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为0.91(0.76～0.98)和0.84(0.71～0.94)。亚硝酸盐的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为0.45和0.98。WBC计数、细菌计数和亚硝酸盐检测结果均与尿路感染独立相关。结论WBC计数、细菌计数和亚硝酸盐检测对尿路感染均有一定益处。其中WBC计数与细菌计数对尿路感染的诊断效能相似。三者对尿路感染的诊断价值互不重叠,联合检测可能有助于提高尿路感染的诊断准确性。     

唐山地震脊髓损伤并发尿路感染患者流行病学调查

目的 探讨脊髓损伤并发尿路感染患者的特点及危险因素。方法 随机抽取唐山地震脊髓损伤患者96例，经细菌培养检查和药物敏感试验，其中并发尿路感染79例为感染组，无尿路感染17例为对照组，分别进行超声测量残余尿量。对两组患者问各参数进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 尿路感染共79例（82％），其中单种细菌感染76例（79％），混合感染3例（3％）。革兰阴性菌感染54例（56％）[其中大肠杆菌感染27例（28％）]，革兰阳性菌感染14例（15％），真菌感染8例（8％）。细菌对15种常见抗生素的敏感率均较低。男性尿路感染发生率明显高于女性，感染组完全性脊髓损伤发生率和残余尿量明显高于对照组，而两组年龄、居住地点和脊髓损伤的阶段发生率相比，差异无统计学意义。Logistic逐步回归统计分析结果显示，残余尿量是筛选出的惟一危险因素。结论 减少脊髓损伤患者的残余尿量，并合理应用抗生素是防止尿路感染的有效方法。     

Ultrasound of the pelvis and renal tract combined with a plain film of abdomen in young women with urinary tract infection: can it replace intravenous urography? A prospective study

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in women and intravenous urography (IVU) is a frequently requested radiological investigation for recurrent UTI. The aim of this study was to assess whether pelvic and renal ultrasound combined with a plain film of the abdomen (KUB) could replace IVU as the initial radiological investigation in young women with recurrent UTI. Ninety-four young women with recurrent UTI who were referred for IVU were studied. Ultrasound of the pelvis and renal tract was performed, and information obtained from ultrasound and KUB was compared with that obtained from the IVU examination. Patient management was altered as a result of radiological investigation in eight cases. A case of staghorn calculus and a case of pelviureteric junction obstruction were diagnosed by both IVU and ultrasound with KUB. An intrarenal abscess was diagnosed by ultrasound in a patient with a normal IVU. In addition ultrasound demonstrated significant findings in the pelvis, including ovarian and uterine abnormalities and an ectopic and an intrauterine pregnancy. In all cases the patient had symptoms referable to the urinary tract and a history of documented UTI. The KUB did not yield any unsuspected finding not diagnosed by ultrasound, but did serve to delineate more clearly the extent of calculus disease in two patients. We suggest that ultrasound of the pelvis and renal tract combined with a KUB should be the radiological investigation of choice in young women with UTI.     

About the influence of factors of military service on the progress of urinary tract infections in women in conditions of North

Results of hospital check-up and treatment of female soldiers, female members of servicemen's family and retirees of Ministry of Defence of Russian Federation were analyzed for the purpose of improvement of prophylaxis, treatment of urinary tract infections and estimation of factors of military service in the progress of UTI in female soldiers in conditions of North. It was determined that in the structure of UTI in female soldiers aged before 40 prevail acute cystitis and acute pyelonephritis combined with phologistic gynaecological abnormality, aged after 40 - chronic pyelonephritis combined with concomitant urolithiasis and chronic cystitis. Factors of military service influence on the progress of acute UTI and early approach of chronic UTI in female soldiers.     

30例急性脊髓损伤病人合并霉菌尿分析

对３０例急性脊髓损伤出现霉菌尿的病人进行分析，发现有长期留置导尿、使用抗生素不合理、使用糖皮质固醇类激素和血糖升高等诱发霉菌尿的危险因素存在。笔者还就急性脊髓损伤病人出现霉菌尿的病理机制、临床意义、预防和治疗进行了讨论。     

Vesicoureteral reflux in adults.

Vesicoureteral reflux was detected in 200 adults seen in a 4 year period. In group 1 (no history of urinary tract infection and negative urine cultures), all patients had abnormalities on excretory urograms that were suggestive of reflux. In patients with a history of recurrent urinary tract infection (groups 2 and 3), the excretory urograms showed an abnormality in 79 per cent of those with negative cultures and in 83 per cent of those with positive cultures. Thus, reflux should be suspected in patients with a history of recurrent urinary tract infection even if infection cannot be documented with urine culture. Urographic evidence of renal parenchymal scarring, ureteral dilatation, or mucosal striations should also suggest the possibility of vesicoureteral reflux even when the patient may have no urinary tract symptoms. Voiding cystourethrography should be performed in all adults with these findings to exclude the possibility of vesicoureteral reflux.     

Gallium-67 scintigraphy in the detection of infected polycystic kidneys in renal transplant recipients

Renal transplant recipients with underlying polycystic kidney disease (PKD) may present with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). This is often due to persistent infection in one or both of the native polycystic kidneys. It may be necessary to remove the infected kidney in order to remove the source of persistent infection. Gallium-67 scintigraphy was performed in 11 renal transplant recipients with underlying PKD. Positive studies were obtained in four recipients who had recurrent UTI. The scan also localized which of the kidneys (native or transplant) was the site of persistent infection. These four recipients subsequently had nephrectomy of the infected polycystic kidneys as suggested by the scan. Negative scans were obtained in seven recipients who did not have recurrent UTI. Gallium scintigraphy is a useful test for detecting and localizing the site of persistent UTI in renal transplant recipients with underlying PKD who present with recurrent UTI.     

Radiological imaging of urinary tract infection in Malaysian children--a private hospital experience.

The results of radiological investigations performed on 81 children with urinary tract infection (UTI) were reviewed. Investigations included 91 voiding cystourethrograms (VCU), 59 intravenous urograms (IVU) and 36 ultrasonograms (US). The aim was to study the local spectrum of renal tract abnormalities in childhood UTI and to compare the diagnostic yield of combining US and VCU against IVU and VCU. Renal tract abnormalities were detected in 37%. Vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) was the commonest, detected in 26%, with renal scarring found in 9% of refluxing units. Ultrasound should replace IVU in the initial diagnostic work-up of these children.     

Imaging in urinary tract infections: current strategies and new trends

The aim of imaging in a child with urinary tract infection (UTI) is to detect abnormalities that require appropriate treatment or findings that can be acted on to prevent development of complications (hypertension, chronic renal failure or pregnancy-related complications). Imaging protocols in pediatric urinary tract infections are evolving. From strategies based on extensive investigations in all children younger than 7 years of age, we are slowly moving to imaging strategies focused on children at risk of developing renal damage and possibly long-term complications. The article provides an overview on urinary tract infections, their complications and the use of imaging in their management. The different imaging strategies in children with UTIs (including the recommendation of excluding from imaging certain groups of patients) still needs full evaluation. It is interesting to note, however, a slow move from wide use of cystography in all children with UTI, which has been standard practice for many years but was probably not based on solid scientific evidence, toward a more focused use of cystograms in specific groups of children.