先天性心脏病患儿Cited2基因突变分析

目的 探讨先天性心脏病(CHD)患儿Cited2基因编码链的突变情况.方法 收集120例非同源多种种类的特发性CHD患儿和100例健康儿童血液样本进行DNA抽取、目的 基因聚合酶链反应及测序,并与GeneBank进行比较以识别基因突变,对伴有突变者行家系调查,并用ClustalW软件分析突变氨基酸的保守性.结果在4例CHD患儿发现3个新的Cited2编码链突变,首次在1例镜面右位心伴法洛四联症、1例主动脉瓣狭窄患儿各自发现1个新的点突变(c.550G＞A;c.574A＞G),首次在1例室间隔缺损伴房间隔缺损及1例主动脉瓣狭窄伴肺动脉瓣狭窄患儿发现相同的缺失突变(c.573-578de16),这3种突变均导致了相应蛋白质的结构改变(P.Gly184Ser;p.Serl92Gly;P.Ser192fs),这些突变均未在对照组发现.结论在不同类型的CHD患儿中发现了新的Cited2基因突变,丝氨酸-甘氨酸富含区(SGJ)是突变的热点区域,这些突变可能是导致人类CHD发生的原因之一.     

Mutation analysis in 46 British and Irish patients with Gaucher's disease

DNA from 46 unrelated patients with Gaucher's disease was analysed for 10 known mutations: 84GG(c84 G 85ins), N370S (c1226G), L444P (c1448C), R463C (c1504T), R496H (c1604A), IVS2+1, D409H (c1342C), RecNcil (c1448C-1498C), RecTL (c1342C-1498C), and c1263del (c1264-1318del). Fifty four mutations (90%) were identified in 30 patients with type I disease. These included a previously undescribed recombinant mutation RecA456P (c1448C-1484C). Thirteen (54%) of 24 type II alleles were identified, including one new point mutation N462K (c1503G) and one new 55bp deletion also incorporating the RecTL mutations c1263del+RecTL (c1264del-1498C). All four type III patients were homozygous for the L444P point mutation. Generally, patients with one copy of the N370S mutation had mild adult onset disease, regardless of the nature of their second mutation. Three exceptions had childhood onset disease and genotypes N370S/R463C, N370S/RecA456P, and N370S/?. The L444P/L444P genotype was thought to be associated with neurological disease. Two type I patients with this genotype who exhibited no central nervous system disease were identified, however. The R463C and c1263del mutations were found to be present at a higher frequency than reported in other populations and they should be included in any mutation screen of this population. The recombinant mutations RecA456P and c1263del+RecTL have not been previously described and are the fourth and fifth recombinant mutations identified in the glucocerebrosidase gene.     

先天性巨结肠RET基因突变及相关疾病分析

先天性巨结肠（Hirschsprung‘s disease,HD)是常见的先天性消化道畸形。其病因尚未明了,最近研究表明原癌基因RET的突变在HD发病中起主要作用。方法：采集30例散发性先天性巨结肠和30例正常儿童的全血标本,提取基因组;采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和单链构象多态（SSCP）技术分析RET基因的第6、10、16外显子。结果：2例患儿存在第10外显子的突变。其中1例家庭中有MEN2A患者;1例患儿存在第16外显子的突变。结论：RET基因突变可能是导致先天性巨结肠发生的重要原因之一。MEN2A和先天性巨结肠的发生可能有一定联系。     

Mutation analysis in 46 British and Irish patients with Gaucher's disease

Accepted 18 March 1997DNA from 46 unrelated patients with Gaucher''s disease was analysed for 10 known mutations: 84GG(c84 G 85ins), N370S (c1226G), L444P (c1448C), R463C (c1504T), R496H (c1604A), IVS2+1, D409H (c1342C), RecNciI (c1448C-1498C), RecTL (c1342C-1498C), and c1263del (c1264-1318del). Fifty four mutations (90%) were identified in 30 patients with type I disease. These included a previously undescribed recombinant mutation RecA456P (c1448C-1484C). Thirteen (54%) of 24 type II alleles were identified, including one new point mutation N462K (c1503G) and one new 55bp deletion also incorporating the RecTL mutations c1263del+RecTL (c1264del-1498C). All four type III patients were homozygous for the L444P point mutation. Generally, patients with one copy of the N370S mutation had mild adult onset disease, regardless of the nature of their second mutation. Three exceptions had childhood onset disease and genotypes N370S/R463C, N370S/RecA456P, and N370S/?. The L444P/L444P genotype was thought to be associated with neurological disease. Two type I patients with this genotype who exhibited no central nervous system disease were identified, however. The R463C and c1263del mutations were found to be present at a higher frequency than reported in other populations and they should be included in any mutation screen of this population. The recombinant mutations RecA456P and c1263del+RecTL have not been previously described and are the fourth and fifth recombinant mutations identified in the glucocerebrosidase gene.     

Mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter disease) with corneal opacities

Clinically visible corneal opacities were observed in a patient with an extremely severe form of mucopolysaccharidosis II. In a second patient with an unusually mild form of mucopolysaccharidosis II, discrete corneal opacities were detected by slit-lamp examination. Thus clear corneae can no longer be regarded as a hallmark of mucopolysaccharidosis II.Supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Stiftung Volkswagenwerk     

糖原贮积症Ⅲ型基因突变的初步研究

目的　对糖原贮积症Ⅲ型(GSDⅢ)及其缺陷酶 (糖原脱支酶 )进行临床和基因突变分析。方法　对 6例临床疑诊为GSDⅢ患儿进行临床分析,并对患儿及其父母的外周血DNA,应用PCR扩增糖原脱支酶的 33个外显子,测序。结果　GSDⅢ的临床表现为肝脾肿大、低血糖、高血脂、生长迟缓、肝转氨酶升高和酸中毒,肾上腺素刺激试验符合GSDⅢ,生玉米淀粉治疗可以改善病情。对糖原脱支酶基因的外显子PCR产物直接测序:患儿 1未发现突变;患儿 2为外显子 8 (父源 1294C>T,L298L)和外显子 34(母源 4747G>T,E1450X)复合杂合突变;患儿 3为外显子 8(父源 1294C>T,L298L)和外显子 3(母源 10G>A)复合杂合突变;患儿 4为外显子 35纯合突变 (4664insCT);患儿 5为外显子 16(父源 2341delGCCATAGA,移码突变)和外显子 10(母源 1559G>A,R387Q)复合杂合突变;患儿 6为外显子 26(父源 3742G>A,G1115R)和外显子 12(母源 1686T>G,Y429X)复合杂合突变。结论　GSDⅢ临床表现多样,基因分析发现新的糖原脱支酶基因突变类型。     

Mutation analysis of Indian patients with urea cycle defects

Molecular testing for a specific metabolic disorder remains the gold standard due to its high specificity and sensitivity and possibility of accurate prenatal diagnosis. We report four cases of urea cycle defect where mutational analysis of the involved genes was performed and subsequently, prenatal diagnosis could be offered to one of the family.     

I-cell disease (Mucolipidosis II)

I-cell disease (Mucolipidosis II) is one of the lysosomal storage diseases which presents in the neonatal period, and within six months will phenotypically resemble the severe forms of the group of disorders called the “mucopolysaccharidoses” but without mucopolysacchariduria. In Mucolipidosis II, fibrocytes exhibit “abnormal lysosomes”. Activities of several lysosomal enzymes are low in fibroblast cultures but high in mucolipidosis II serum. We present a patient with I-cell disease diagnosed on the basis of clinical, radiological and biochemical features. The mother of this child was pregnant and the fetus was also found to be affected.     

Restricted joint range of motion in patients with MPS II: correlation with height, age and functional status

Aim: The aims of the study were to assess shoulder range of motion (ROM) in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) and to correlate joint mobility with patients’ height, age and functional status. Methods: Passive ROM and Z‐score of height were followed in 29 patients with MPS II (mean age 11.5 years, range 2–29 years) between the years 2005 and 2010. Passive ROM was measured by a goniometer, and height, by a stadiometer. Functional status was assessed by an age‐appropriate health assessment questionnaire (HAQ). Results: (i) A strong correlation was observed between patients’ age and Z‐score of patients’ height (R = 0.78, p < 0.001). (ii) A medium correlation was observed between Z‐score of patients’ height and passive shoulder flexion and abduction (R = 0.697, p < 0.001 and R = 0.63, p < 0.001, respectively). The progression of restriction was slower in attenuated patients. (iii) Restrictions in shoulder flexion and abduction were already observed before the second year of life. (iv) ROM limitations intensified and became more severe with age. (v) Activities of daily living depended on cognitive impairment of patients with MPS II. Conclusion: Range of motion limitations in patients with MPS II correlate with patients’ height, increase with patients’ age and are more pronounced in a severe form of MPS II.     

Mutation analysis of the GLUT2 gene in patients with Fanconi-Bickel syndrome

Fanconi-Bickel syndrome (FBS) is an autosomal recessive disorder manifesting hepatorenal glycogen accumulation, Fanconi nephropathy, and impaired utilization of glucose and galactose. Several mutations in a gene encoding a glucose transporter, GLUT2, have recently been reported in patients with FBS. We performed molecular analysis on three Japanese patients and found four novel mutations: a splice-site mutation (IVS2-2A>G), a nonsense mutation (Q287X), and two missense mutations (L389P and V423E). Heterozygotes of L389P or V423E mutation from the patients' families showed renal glucosuria. These data suggested that GLUT2 gene defects may be a cause of renal glucosuria.