创伤现场急救的护理体会

<正>意外发生创伤,损伤人员多,损伤的种类和性质复杂,常危及患者生命。因此急诊科出诊突发性强,时间短促,快速准确抢救,可有效提高抢救成功率。2011-01—2012-12,我院急诊科对创伤患者实施综合护理措施,提高了抢救成功率,现总结如     

沉浸式饮食护理教育游戏在消化内科临床教学中的应用

目的 探讨沉浸式饮食护理教育游戏在消化内科实习护生临床实践教学中的应用效果.方法 将在2所附属医院消化内科实习的护生80名随机分为两组各40例.对照组采取常规饮食护理实践教学;干预组在对照组基础上实施沉浸式饮食护理教育游戏,以护生作为游戏玩家,通过闯关不同游戏环节,学习饮食护理知识和技能.干预前后对两组实习护生饮食护理实践能力、评判性思维能力进行评价.结果 干预后,干预组护生饮食护理实践能力、评判性思维能力各维度得分和总分显著优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 沉浸式饮食护理教育游戏应用于消化内科实习护生临床实践教学,可提升护生的饮食护理实践能力和评判性思维能力.     

武警部队医院护理人员创伤救护知识调查分析

目的了解武警部队医院护理人员创伤救护理论和技能的现状.方法随机抽取157名护士进行创伤救护知识问卷调查.结果武警部队护理人员创伤救护知识呈及格水平(平均15.30分),理论成绩好于技能成绩.其中军人护士救护技能得分高于合同护士(P＜0.05);内陆地区护士救护理论得分高于沿海地区护士(P＜0.05).结论亟需建立一套系统的理论与实践相结合的创伤救护培训体系,以提高武警部队医院护理人员的救护水平.     

心肺复苏教育游戏对护理本科生心肺复苏教学知识获得与保留的影响

目的 探索心肺复苏教育游戏对护理本科生心肺复苏教学知识获得与保留的影响,为提高心肺复苏教学效果提供参考.方法 将2016级护理本科生100名随机分为对照组和观察组各50名,在心肺复苏教学中分别运用传统教学和心肺复苏教育游戏教学.教学后1周评价两组心肺复苏教学知识获取情况,临床实习第3、6、10个月评价两组心肺复苏教学知识保留水平.结果 观察组心肺复苏理论考核总分与综合能力得分评价显著优于对照组(均P＜0.05).知识保留趋势预测分析显示,学生知识保留水平呈持续下降趋势,下降至6个月后,进入一段较平稳的阶段,至第10个月后,预测分析呈现继续下降趋势.结论 心肺复苏教育游戏用于护理本科生心肺复苏教学,有利于护生心肺复苏知识与技能持续保留,可作为心肺复苏护理教育的辅助教学方法,建议教学后第6个月复训.     

心肺复苏教育游戏对护理本科生心肺复苏教学知识获得与保留的影响

目的 探索心肺复苏教育游戏对护理本科生心肺复苏教学知识获得与保留的影响,为提高心肺复苏教学效果提供参考.方法 将2016级护理本科生100名随机分为对照组和观察组各50名,在心肺复苏教学中分别运用传统教学和心肺复苏教育游戏教学.教学后1周评价两组心肺复苏教学知识获取情况,临床实习第3、6、10个月评价两组心肺复苏教学知识保留水平.结果 观察组心肺复苏理论考核总分与综合能力得分评价显著优于对照组(均P＜0.05).知识保留趋势预测分析显示,学生知识保留水平呈持续下降趋势,下降至6个月后,进入一段较平稳的阶段,至第10个月后,预测分析呈现继续下降趋势.结论 心肺复苏教育游戏用于护理本科生心肺复苏教学,有利于护生心肺复苏知识与技能持续保留,可作为心肺复苏护理教育的辅助教学方法,建议教学后第6个月复训.     

灾难救护多站模拟演练在护理本科教学中的应用及效果评价

目的探讨灾难救护多站模拟在护理本科教学中的应用效果。方法选取120名护理本科三年级学生作为研究对象,在3个学时的理论学习、1个学时的案例分析之后,接受3个学时的灾难救护多站模拟演练。结束后,使用学生学习满意度和自信心量表、模拟教学实践量表、模拟教学设计量表以及自行设计的模拟教学目标及反馈问卷结合小组会谈评价教学效果。结果 3个量表各维度得分均在4分以上,显示模拟取得良好效果;目标及反馈问卷显示114名学生(95.0%)对以模拟形式学习灾难救护感兴趣,学生对教学设置评分8.5分,绝大部分学生认为达到了教学目标;小组会谈显示学生喜欢灾难救护模拟演练,希望获得更多模拟机会以提升自身能力。结论灾难救护多站模拟是一种有效的教学策略,提高了学生灾难救护与管理的知识水平和能力。     

县级医院护理人员地震灾害现场救护知识调查

目的 了解县级医院护理人员地震灾害现场救护知识的掌握和获取途径.方法 采取随机抽样的方法对2所县级三级甲等医院100名在职护理人员以问卷调查的形式进行调查.结果 63.00％护理人员获得地震急救知识的主要来源为电视媒体；100％的护理人员表示有必要进行危急课程的培训,52.00％最愿意接受短期培训.地震灾害救护知识问卷平均得分61.21±12.62；低年资及高学历护士评分相对较高(P＜0.05).结论 县级医院提供学习途径相对缺乏,护理人员灾害救护知识学习需求旺盛.县级医院应进一步加强护理人员灾害知识的培训力度,重视低学历护士的培训,提倡各级护理人员终身学习的观念.     

沉浸式虚拟现实创伤急救护理培训系统的开发及应用

目的 开发沉浸式虚拟现实创伤急救护理培训系统并观察其应用效果。方法 开发的沉浸式虚拟现实创伤急救护理培训系统包括教师端、管理端、学员端,将其运用于创伤急救配合规范化培训,通过考核和访谈评价其培训效果和学员感受。结果 共培训44名学员,培训后,急诊护士创伤后救治中的初步评估、全面评估、患者转运、诊断讨论成绩显著优于传统培训方式（均P＜0.05）;对其中8名学员访谈结果显示,该系统形式新颖、能加深对专业的理解;节约资源、增加练习机会,使创伤急救护理培训更高效;可体验多角色,利于团队配合的练习。结论 沉浸式虚拟现实创伤急救护理培训系统可提高急诊护士的创伤培训效果。     

新形势下对护生进行生活护理教育的探讨

探讨在全国开展"优质护理服务示范工程"的新形势下,针对临床护生对生活护理的认识不正确、服务意识不强等问题,通过采取对护生进行临床实习前的岗前培训、生活护理执行记录单、实习中期"优质护理服务之星"的评比活动等措施,使得护生逐渐正确认识对病人进行生活护理的必要性和重要性,同时增强了主动服务的意识.     

多发性创伤的急救和护理

创伤是现代社会的一个突出问题,随着交通、工矿业的发展和人们生活节奏的加快,创伤发生率日益增多,争分夺秒的急诊科救护对提高救治率具有重大意义。本对我们前几年救治的75例多发性创伤作了初步分析,并就有关护理问题提出探讨。     

思维导图结合情景模拟用于急诊护士创伤急救规范化培训

目的探讨思维导图结合情景模拟在急诊护士创伤急救规范化培训中的应用效果。方法根据培训时间将急诊科规培护士分为两组,将2017年1～12月的30名护士设为对照组,按传统培训方式进行创伤急救规范化培训;2018年1～12月的32名护士为观察组,采用思维导图结合情景模拟方法进行创伤急救规范化培训。结果培训后观察组理论成绩、操作成绩显著高于对照组,评判性思维能力总分和7个维度得分显著高于对照组(P0.05,P0.01)。结论思维导图结合情景模拟的培训方式有助于提高急诊科规培护士的评判性思维能力,增强培训效果,从而使护士能更好地配合创伤急救,提高创伤急救护理工作质量。     

青少年重大突发传染病应急准备度教育游戏开发与应用

目的 开发一款提升青少年重大突发传染病应急准备度教育游戏,评价初步应用效果.方法 以信息—动机—行为理论为模型指导,采用文献研究、头脑风暴与德尔菲专家咨询法,确定游戏教育的核心内容、游戏设计方案和制作脚本,将教育游戏用于卫校2020级护理中专的285名学生,干预4周.结果 形成《全民战疫》重大突发传染病应急准备度教育游...     

基于BOPPPS模型的情景模拟教学法在护士急救培训中的应用

目的 探讨基于BOPPPS模型的案例情景模拟教学法在急救培训中的应用效果。方法 采取类实验研究设计,以2019年60名临床护士为对照组,采用课堂讲授、技能示范、三人配合训练的教学方式。以2021年60名临床护士为试验组,采用导入、目标、前测、参与学习、后测与总结的参与式BOPPPS案例情景模拟教学方式,进行三人配合急救护理的教学实践。结果 试验组操作考核成绩及团队合作得分显著高于对照组（均P＜0.05）。结论 基于BOPPPS模型的案例情景模拟教学法,可提升护士急救技能和三人急救配合程度。     

Burn first aid knowledge in Germany and the influences of social-economic factors

BackgroundOptimal management of burns always starts with the first aid. Results of numerous studies carried out in different countries indicated in general a low awareness of first aid of burns irrespective of whether the income of the country was high, middle or low. The aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge in burn first aid in Germany and compare it to an Australian study from 2013.MethodsFrom January 2016 until August 2017 patients, visitors and medical personnel in the emergency room of two large hospitals in Southern and the Western part of Germany were asked to take part in a paper based multiple-choice survey.ResultsAltogether 1229 people took part in the questionnaire, 588 from Bavaria and 641 from North Rhine-Westphalia; 45,2% males and 54.8% females. Their age ranged from 19 to 52 with a mean of 37.2 years. Hereby participants that had taken part in first aid training and people working in health care had significant more correct answers. Overall, only approximately a third of the given answers were correct.ConclusionOur study suggests that there is room for improvement since only a minority of the German population is familiar with first aid principles dealing with burns. Although more than 40% had taken part in a first aid training, the questioned people gave less correct answers than the Australians in 2013.     

The quality of video information on burn first aid available on YouTube

Aim

To evaluate the clinical accuracy and delivery of information on thermal burn first aid available on the leading video-streaming website, YouTube.

Methodology

YouTube was searched using four separate search terms. The first 20 videos identified for each search term were included in the study if their primary focus was on thermal burn first aid. Videos were scored by two independent reviewers using a standardised scoring system and the scores totalled to give each video an overall score out of 20.

Results

A total of 47 videos were analysed. The average video score was 8.5 out of a possible 20. No videos scored full-marks. A low correlation was found between the score given by the independent reviewers and the number of views the video received per month (Spearman's rank correlation co-efficient = 0.03, p = 0.86).

Conclusion

The current standard of videos covering thermal burn first aid available on YouTube is unsatisfactory. In addition to this, viewers do not appear to be drawn to videos of higher quality. Organisations involved in managing burns and providing first aid care should be encouraged to produce clear, structured videos that can be made available on leading video streaming websites.     

First impressions last… A survey of knowledge of first aid in burn-related injuries amongst hospital workers

Rationale

The administration of first aid in burns has been shown to have a significant influence on the ultimate severity of the burn. We wanted to assess in-hospital healthcare (HCW), and non-healthcare workers’ (nHCW) knowledge of first aid in burns.

Methods

A purpose-designed questionnaire, including information about previous attendance at a first aid course and four clinical scenarios of burns, was distributed to HCWs in the local hospitals and non-medical students in the Universities of Leeds and Sheffield.

Results

697 questionnaires were completed – 397 (57%) from HCW and 300 (43%) from nHCW. 59% of HCW had attended a first aid course, 68% of these courses included teaching on first aid in burns.HCW who had completed a first aid course generally did better than those who had not. Only 16% of HCW achieved correct answers in all questions compared to 30% nHCW.

Conclusions

We show that the knowledge of first aid in burns is relatively poor amongst HCW and that attendance at a burns first aid course improves knowledge (although perhaps not as much as one might hope). We recommend that the burns content of first aid courses be reviewed, and that there is a requirement for ALL hospital healthcare workers to undertake a first aid course, which includes appropriate burns first aid.     

情景模拟演练在急救技能教学中的应用

目的探讨情景模拟演练教学法在急救技能教学中的应用效果,以提高临床护理教学质量。方法将进入急诊科实习的72名护生随机分成实验组和对照组各36例,对照组采用传统单项技能三段式教学;实验组采用情景模拟演练法教学,根据教学内容模拟急诊科常见的急重症急救情景,进行演示训练,包括情景设置、角色安排、技能练习、角色互换、考核答疑等步骤。最后由考核小组对两组护生急救理论知识、急救技能和操作综合能力进行考核。结果实验组急救理论知识、急救技能及综合能力成绩均显著优于对照组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。结论情景模拟演练教学可提高护生急救理论知识、急救技能和操作综合能力的成绩;提高临床护理教学质量。     

Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications

This paper discusses research findings and their implications regarding children's responses to community violence. It outlines (1) theory and findings, (2) early intervention and psychological first aid, and (3) treatment approaches following a violent event. In each section we discuss post-traumatic stress, grief, worry about a significant other, and experience with previous trauma. Detailed steps for psychological first aid are outlined according to age and grade level. Intervention strategies are proposed for each category of response with designed interventions for the classroom, the family, the individual, and the group.     

本科护生参与健康评估课程棋盘游戏学习体验的质性研究

目的 设计、实施健康评估课程棋盘游戏,并探讨护生的学习体验。方法 采用目的抽样法,对12名参与棋盘游戏的护理本科生进行半结构式访谈,运用内容分析法进行资料分析。结果 共提炼出2个主题及7个亚主题：学习效果（增强学习动力、巩固所学知识、增强团队协作、领会课程思政）,学习反馈（增加游戏难度、改进游戏规则、希望扩大适用范围）。结论 棋盘游戏学习效果积极,但需要教师团队优化游戏规则增加趣味性,明确奖励机制激励学生参与,并采用线上线下相结合的方式扩大适用范围。