积极心理干预对90后护士心理弹性及总体幸福感的影响

目的 运用积极心理学对90后护士进行心理干预,提高护士心理弹性及工作幸福感,缓解其焦虑情绪.方法 将173名90后临床护士随机分为对照组90名和干预组83名.对照组未实施心理干预,干预组运用积极心理学实施干预.干预前及干预6个月后评价两组心理弹性、焦虑及总体幸福感评分.结果 干预后,干预组护士心理弹性、总体幸福感得分显著高于对照组,焦虑评分显著低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 积极心理干预可提高90后护士的心理弹性及工作幸福感,改善其焦虑情绪.     

积极心理学培训对重度工作压力护士的影响

目的 探讨线上积极心理学理论学习与线下实践应用对临床护士工作压力及健康的影响。方法 将101名重度工作压力护士按照院区分为对照组50名和试验组51名。对照组实施常规心理支持，试验组在常规心理支持的基础上增加线上积极心理学课程学习与线下实践应用，干预时间为12周。干预前后对两组护士采用护士工作压力源量表和康奈尔健康问卷进行调查。结果 干预后试验组护士的工作压力总分及其各维度评分显著低于对照组，心理健康得分显著低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。结论 线上积极心理学理论学习与线下实践可缓解临床护士工作压力，改善其心理健康。     

基于保护动机理论的护理干预对社区老年人心血管健康的影响

目的探讨基于保护动机理论的护理干预对社区老年人心血管健康的影响。方法将85名老年人以居住地为界用抛硬币法分为干预组43名与对照组42名。对照组实施社区常规护理,干预组实施基于保护动机理论的护理干预。在干预前、干预后3个月、干预后6个月对两组老年人健康行为转变、生理生化指标及心血管健康评分进行评价。结果干预后6个月,干预组老年人低盐饮食和规律运动达标率显著高于对照组(均P0.05);两组体重指数、收缩压、舒张压、心血管健康总分及心血管健康行为得分比较,组间效应、时间效应及交互效应差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。两组胆固醇比较,组间效应、交互效应差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论基于保护动机理论的护理干预可促进老年人健康行为的转变,降低老年人体重指数、血压和胆固醇,提高老年人心血管健康水平。     

幸福PERMA模式干预对艾滋病住院患者情绪及生存质量的影响

目的探讨幸福PERMA模式的应用对艾滋病住院患者情绪及生存质量的影响。方法将53例艾滋病住院患者随机分为对照组(n=26)和干预组(n=27)。对照组给予连续8次健康知识访谈。研究者围绕幸福PERMA模式对干预组连续进行8次积极心理学访谈。通过正负性情绪量表以及世界卫生组织艾滋病患者生存质量量表简表于干预前、干预后及干预后1个月对两组进行评定。结果除生存质量的生理领域和环境领域得分干预主效应无统计学意义外,两组积极率和生存质量其他各维度评分干预主效应均有统计学意义(均P0.01);积极率和生存质量评分存在显著的时间效应、交互效应(P0.05,P0.01)。结论幸福PERMA模式能改善艾滋病住院患者的情绪及生存质量。     

Effects of a nurse-led multidisciplinary home visiting program on quality of life among community-dwelling older adults

目的 评价护士主导的全科团队家访服务对社区居家老年人生活质量的影响.方法 将144名高龄居家老年人按照居住街道分为干预组(74例)和对照组(70例).干预组接受护士主导的全科团队家访服务,包括健康评估、健康问题排序及慢性病指导、心理护理、日常生活指导和居家安全宣教等个体化家访服务;对照组接受常规社区卫生服务.比较两组干预前、干预后3个月、6个月生活质量.结果 两组高龄居家老年人生活质量的生理领域、环境领域、心理领域、社会领域评分比较,干预效应、时间效应及交互效应差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 护士主导的全科团队家访服务能显著改善高龄居家老年人的生活质量,此服务模式具有可操作性和实用性.     

心理干预对严重烧伤患者心理健康及生活质量的影响

目的:通过"烙印天使"微信公众平台对患者进行心理干预,探讨其对严重烧伤患者焦虑、抑郁及生活质量等状态的影响。方法:将126例严重烧伤患者采用随机数字表法随机分为观察组(64例)和对照组(62例),对照组给予常规定期随访,观察组在此基础上利用"烙印天使"微信公众平台对其进行心理干预,利用相关量表对患者的心理及生活状况进行评估。结果:通过"烙印天使"微信公众平台干预后,观察组焦虑、抑郁程度明显低于对照组,生活质量明显高于对照组(P0.05),具有统计学意义。结论:利用微信公众平台护理可以明显改善严重烧伤患者的焦虑和抑郁状态并提高其生活质量,具有重要的临床意义。     

费登奎斯动中觉察干预对护士睡眠改善及疲劳恢复的影响

目的 探讨费登奎斯动中觉察干预对护士睡眠改善及疲劳恢复的影响。方法 将山西省某三级甲等医院外科工作的轮班护士,按参与研究的先后顺序分为干预组36人和对照组37人。干预组实施为期8周的费登奎斯动中觉察干预,对照组不实施任何干预。比较干预前、干预6周、干预8周两组护士匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表得分和中文版多维疲劳量表得分。结果 两组主观睡眠质量、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠持续时间、习惯性睡眠效率得分及睡眠总分比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组疲劳总分的时间效应、组间效应及交互效应差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 费登奎斯动中觉察干预可有效改善护士睡眠质量,促进疲劳恢复。     

护士工作家庭冲突及其与工作倦怠、工作绩效的关系研究

目的了解护士工作家庭冲突及其与工作倦怠、工作绩效的关系,为进一步平衡护士工作与家庭、预防工作倦怠、提高工作绩效提供参考。方法采用工作家庭冲突量表、工作倦怠量表、工作绩效量表对重庆市万州区1094名执业护士进行问卷调查。结果护士工作家庭冲突评分3．04±1．23,工作-家庭冲突评分3．14±1．29,家庭－工作冲突评分2．85±1．52;不同婚姻状况、教育程度、医院级别的护士工作家庭冲突评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;工作家庭冲突显著影响护士的工作倦怠（P〈0．01）,对工作绩效没有影响。结论护士面临着较大的工作家庭;中突,工作家庭冲突是护士工作倦怠的预测值。管理层需重视护士群体的工作家庭冲突并采取平衡策略降低冲突水平,从而预防和降低护士的工作倦怠,保障护士的身心健康。     

护士主导的全科团队家访服务对居家老年人生活质量的影响

目的评价护士主导的全科团队家访服务对社区居家老年人生活质量的影响。方法将144名高龄居家老年人按照居住街道分为干预组(74例)和对照组(70例)。干预组接受护士主导的全科团队家访服务,包括健康评估、健康问题排序及慢性病指导、心理护理、日常生活指导和居家安全宣教等个体化家访服务;对照组接受常规社区卫生服务。比较两组干预前、干预后3个月、6个月生活质量。结果两组高龄居家老年人生活质量的生理领域、环境领域、心理领域、社会领域评分比较,干预效应、时间效应及交互效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论护士主导的全科团队家访服务能显著改善高龄居家老年人的生活质量,此服务模式具有可操作性和实用性。     

恢复体验干预对护士睡眠质量和工作投入的影响

目的探讨恢复体验干预对护士睡眠质量和工作投入的改善效果。方法将114名恢复体验较弱的临床护士随机分为干预组和对照组各57名。对照组护士给予常规医院人文关怀,干预组在此基础上进行为期4周的恢复体验干预。分别于干预前、干预后3 d内、干预后1个月和干预后3个月采用恢复体验问卷(REQ)、匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)和工作投入量表简化版(UWES-9)对两组护士进行调查。结果干预组干预后不同时间恢复体验、睡眠质量和工作投入显著优于对照组(干预、时间及交互效应均P0.01)。结论恢复体验干预可以显著提高护士的睡眠质量和工作投入状况。     

The interplay of job demands,job resources and cognitive outcomes in informatics

The present study investigates the issue of match between job demands and job resources in the prediction of employees' cognitive well‐being. Job demands and job resources, as well as job‐related strains (and concepts concerned with positive well‐being), are not one‐dimensional concepts. At a very basic level they comprise physical, cognitive and/or emotional components. The triple match principle proposes that the strongest, interactive relationships between job demands and job resources are observed when job demands, job resources and strains are based on qualitatively identical dimensions. In this study, we specifically hypothesize that cognitive job resources are most likely to moderate the relationship between cognitive job demands and cognitive outcomes. Two measures of cognitive well‐being are included: learning motivation and professional efficacy. Using a web‐based questionnaire, data were collected in a sample of 207 informatics. Results partially confirm our hypotheses both in terms of main and in terms of interaction effects. Informatics with high cognitive job demands have a higher feeling of competence than informatics with low cognitive job demands. This effect is stronger when matching high cognitive job resources are available. These findings are in line with earlier research on the interaction effects in the prediction of employees' cognitive well‐being at work. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

工作控制感在临床护理教师情绪智力与工作倦怠间的中介效应

目的探讨工作控制感对临床护理教师情绪智力与工作倦怠的中介作用,为降低其工作倦怠感提供新思路。方法对107名临床护理教师采用情绪智力量表、工作控制感量表、马氏工作倦怠量表进行调查。结果临床护理教师的情绪智力、工作控制感、个人成就感倦怠得分3.80±0.80、3.11±0.63、3.93±1.24,情绪智力与后两者呈正相关关系(r=0.374、0.466,均P0.01),工作控制感在情绪智力与个人成就感倦怠之间有部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的17.80%。结论情绪智力及工作控制感都是临床护理教师个人成就感倦怠的保护因素,工作控制感能促进情绪智力降低工作倦怠感。     

Job stress,mental health and job satisfaction among UK senior nurses

Given that nursing is a potentially high-stress occupation, the present study examines the effect of specific occupational stressors, coping strategies and type A behaviour on job satisfaction and mental well-being of 475 UK senior nurses. Several stressors were identified which had a negative impact on job satisfaction. However, only stress associated with the nurse manager's workload was consistently found to be a predictor of mental health outcome measures. In addition, cognitive and behavioural coping techniques were noted.     

Managerial stress,job satisfaction and health in Taiwan

This study tested an integrative work stress model using data from a heterogeneous sample of Taiwanese managers. Results indicated that these managers were under considerable work stress and were at risk of mental and physical ill‐health. Internal control was related to higher job satisfaction and was beneficial to mental health; however, its interaction with work stress was detrimental to psychological well‐being. A specific facet of Type A behaviour pattern was also related to poorer physical health. These results were discussed with an emic emphasis, taking account of some distinctive characteristics of the Chinese culture. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

护士工作中付出-获得不平衡对工作满意度的影响

目的探讨护士付出-获得不平衡状态对工作满意度的影响。方法采用付出-获得不平衡(ERI)量表及护士工作满意度量表对荆州市3所三甲医院及3所二甲医院478名护士进行调查。结果处于付出-获得不平衡状态护士288人(60.25%),超负荷状态护士424人(88.70%);护士付出-获得不平衡组及超负荷组在家庭/工作平衡、对排班的满意方面与其他组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);多元线性回归分析显示,超负荷、付出及获得与护士工作满意度密切相关(均P<0.01)。结论护士处于付出-获得不平衡状态及超负荷状态的比例较高,医院应采取有效措施改善护士的付出-获得不平衡状态及超负荷状况,提高护士工作满意度。     

How sleep disturbance is associated with Chinese police officers' job satisfaction: A moderated mediation model

Tasked with a wide variety of duties, police officers often encounter stressful situations and suffer from sleep disturbance. Previous studies have found that police officers with sleep disturbance generally reported lower levels of job satisfaction; however, the psychological mechanisms by which sleep disturbance is associated with job satisfaction are still relatively underexplored. This study investigated how sleep disturbance was associated with job satisfaction via the mediation of job involvement and via the moderation of resilience among police officers. Data from a sample of 827 Chinese police officers (86.9% men) was analysed. Participants completed a written questionnaire assessing sleep disturbance, job satisfaction, job involvement, resilience, and demographic information. A moderated mediation model was conducted to examine the research questions. Sleep disturbance was negatively associated with job involvement, which, in turn, was positively associated with job satisfaction. Furthermore, both direct and indirect effects of sleep disturbance on job satisfaction were moderated by resilience. Specifically, the negative association between sleep disturbance and job satisfaction was significant only for those with low levels of resilience, but not for those with high levels of resilience. In addition, the positive association between job involvement and job satisfaction was stronger for those with higher resilience compared with those with lower resilience. The findings advance understanding of the psychological mechanisms underlying the association between sleep disturbance and job satisfaction among police officers.     

护士工作沉浸与工作绩效的相关性分析

目的探讨护士工作沉浸与工作绩效的相关性。方法采用便利抽样的方法抽取425名护士,用护士工作沉浸问卷(修订版)和工作绩效量表对425名护士进行问卷调查。结果护士工作沉浸得分(4.11±0.56)分、工作绩效(4.15±0.61)分,均处于中等水平;工作沉浸与工作绩效呈显著正相关(r=0.706,P0.01),其中体验、工作、行动、自己、专注等项是工作绩效的重要预测变量(均P0.01)。结论工作沉浸直接影响工作绩效,护理管理者应加强对护士工作沉浸的关注,以提高护理工作绩效。     

护士工作沉浸与工作绩效的相关性分析

目的 探讨护士工作沉浸与工作绩效的相关性.方法 采用便利抽样的方法抽取425名护士,用护士工作沉浸问卷（修订版）和工作绩效量表对425名护士进行问卷调查.结果 护士工作沉浸得分（4.11±0.56）分、工作绩效（4.15±0.61）分,均处于中等水平;工作沉浸与工作绩效呈显著正相关（r=0.706,P＜0.01）,其中体验、工作、行动、自己、专注等项是工作绩效的重要预测变量（均P＜0.01）.结论 工作沉浸直接影响工作绩效,护理管理者应加强对护士工作沉浸的关注,以提高护理工作绩效.     

急诊科护士生活方式与职业倦怠的关系研究

目的探讨急诊科护士生活方式及职业倦怠状况,并分析二者间的相关性。方法便利抽取济南市5所三级甲等医院急诊科护士196名为研究对象,采用健康促进生活方式量表和摩斯腊克工作倦怠量表测量其生活方式及职业倦怠状况。结果急诊科护士的生活方式得分为61.7±13.3;职业倦怠3个维度得分分别为26.1±10.5、8.9±5.7、27.7±9.7。职业倦怠中情绪疲惫与生活方式呈负相关(P<0.01),个人成就感与生活方式呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论急诊科护士健康生活方式处于中等水平,生活方式相对较差者其情绪疲惫程度越重。护理管理者需从改善急诊科护士的生活方式入手,传授健康知识,使其调整饮食方式,进行体育锻炼,调节情绪、放松身心,从而缓解职业倦怠,提高急诊护士的生活质量。     

Work–family interference as a mediator between job demands and job burnout among doctors

There is an increasing realization that the connections between work and family life are of critical importance in contemporary society. The present study examined the relationship between job demands and burnout, and the mediational role of work–family interference (WFI) in a sample of Greek doctors (N = 162). The main findings are: (1) emotional job demands were found to be a strong independent predictor of both emotional exhaustion and depersonalization; (2) quantitative job demands were found to predict emotional exhaustion; (3) WFI was found to partially mediate the relationship between both quantitative/emotional job demands and emotional exhaustion; (4) additionally, WFI partially mediated the relationship between emotional job demands and depersonalization. The results and limitations are discussed with reference to the medical profession. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.