经尿道前列腺电切术与双极等离子切除术治疗前列腺增生疗效比较

目的比较经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）和经尿道双极等离子前列腺切除术（PKRP）治疗前列腺良性增生（BPH）的效果和安全性。方法随机将172例BPH患者分为TULIP组和PKRP组各86例,比较术中术后指标（手术时间、术中出血量、冲洗时间、冲洗量、留管时间、住院时间）,并发症（TURS先兆、术中输血、继发出血、尿道刺激征、短暂尿失禁、短暂排尿困难、尿道狭窄等）发生率,国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）,术后尿流率峰值（Qmax）和生活质量评分（QOL）。结果（1）TURP组出血量、冲洗时间、冲洗量和留管时间大于PKRP组,P〈0．05或P〈0．01;（2）1月内TURP组继发出血、短暂尿失禁和排尿因难发生率高于PKRP组,所有并发症经对症处理恢复正常;（3）术后3个月时两组IP．SS、Qmax、QOL自身术前后比较明显改善,P〈0．01,组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论PKRP与TuRP均是治疗BPH的有效术式。但PKRP术中出血量、围手术期及术后并发症相对少于TURP,安全性高。是治疗BPH较理想的微创术式。     

经尿道前列腺腔内剜除术与电切术治疗前列腺增生症的疗效比较

目的:比较经尿道前列腺腔内剜除术(TUEP)与经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)治疗良性前列腺增生症(BPH)的安全性及疗效。方法:将160例确诊为前列腺增生症患者随机分为2组,每组各80例,分别采用TUEP和TURP,观察两组手术时间、术中出血量,术后并发症等情况,评价两种术式治疗BPH的安全性;观察腺体切除量及术后6个月国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、最大尿流率(Qmax)、残余尿量(RUV)比较两种术式治疗BPH的疗效。结果:TUEP组手术时间、术中出血量少于TURP组(P<0.05);腺体切除重量高于TURP组(P0.05)。结论:TUEP术与TURP术比较,手术时间短、术中出血量少、切除腺体更彻底,值得广泛推广和应用。     

经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切与电切术的对照研究

目的比较经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切与电切术治疗良性前列腺增生症的临床效果。方法将我院2010年10月-2011年9月收治的良性前列腺增生症患者102例作为研究对象,电切术治疗的50例患者作为对照组,经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切治疗的52例患者作为观察组,比较两组患者的临床效果。结果观察组患者的膀胱冲洗时间、留置尿管时间及住院时间均明显短于对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;术后两组患者的国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）、生活质量评分（QOL）、最大尿流率（Omax）均有显著改善,但组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;观察组患者的并发症发生率为1．9％,明显低于对照组的16．0％,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切与电切术治疗良性前列腺增生症均可以获得满意的临床效果、改善患者生活质量,但经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切有利于患者更快地康复,且安全性上有更大的优势,是临床首选的治疗方案之一。     

经尿道前列腺钬激光剜除术与经尿道前列腺电切术治疗良性前列腺增生的疗效比较

目的 以良性前列腺增生(BPH)为例,研究经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)与经尿道前列腺钬激光剜除术(HoLEP)的应用价值,为临床甄别最优BPH外科治疗方案提供参考。方法 将2019年01月-2021年12月80例确诊BPH的患者病案资料纳入研究,将其中40例接受TURP治疗方案的患者纳入对照组,另外40例接受HoLEP治疗方案的患者纳入实验组。比较两组术中失血量、手术用时、术后尿管留置时间、膀胱冲洗时间、住院时间、生活质量评分(QOL)、膀胱残余尿量(RUV)、术后最大尿流速(Qmax)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、并发症情况(含术后血尿、暂时性排尿困难、膀胱刺激征、尿失禁)差异。结果 实验组术中失血量较之对照组更少,手术用时、术后尿管留置时间、膀胱冲洗时间与住院时间均较之对照组更短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术前QOL评分、RUV、Qmax与IPSS评分比较,均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后30 d时再测,发现实验组QOL评分较之对照组显著更低,RUV与Qmax较之对照组显著更少,IPSS评分较之对照组显著更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0...     

两种手术方法治疗前列腺增生症的临床效果分析

目的比较经尿道前列腺等离子双极汽化电切术（PKRP）与经膀胱前列腺切除术（开放式手术）的临床疗效。方法128例良性前列腺增生患者分为两组，PKRP组64例，开放手术组64例，比较分析两组手术时间，术中出血量，近期疗效及并发症等情况。结果PKRP组平均手术时间、术中出血量、术后膀胱冲洗时间、留置尿管时间、住院时间及并发症发生率明显小于开放手术组（P〈0．05）。结论PKRP效果优于开放手术，安全性好，是治疗BPH的一种理想方法。     

经尿道电切及电汽化联合治疗前列腺增生症

为探讨经尿道电切(TURP)及电汽化(TUVP)联合治疗前列腺增生症(BPH)的有效性和可行性,我院采用TURP加TUVP联合方法治疗30例(年龄61～86岁)BPH患。治疗后,IPSS评分由术前21分降为术后7分(P<0．01),平均尿流率由4．6ml／秒升至16．3ml／秒(P<0．01),残余尿由96ml降为22.2ml(P<0．01);术中出血明显减步。疗效显,二合用能够弥补单独术式时各自的不足,明显减少并发症的发生。     

高原地区37例高危前列腺增生症患者的TUVP治疗

探讨高原地区高危前列腺增生（BPH）患者经尿道前列腺汽化电切术（TUVP）的治疗效果。采用美国CIRCOMACMI 25．6尿道镜、铲状气化电极在电视直视下操作,气化功率（200-290）W,电凝功率90W。5％GS冲洗液,治疗37例生活在高原地区45年以上、年龄为（67-92）岁、平均77．6岁合并一种以上并发痘的BHP高龄患者。本组患者均能按期耐受手术,手术操作时间（15-90）分钟,平均36．5分钟,无一例发生经尿道电切综合征（TUBS）及输血。术后留置尿管（3-6）天。IPSS有术前平均27分下降未6．6分,尿流率：Qmax（11-3）mL／s术后升至Qmax（28-12）mL／s。通过本组病例的治疗,体会到高原地区TUVP技术能安全、有效地治疗高危前列腺增生患者。     

经尿道气化电切治疗重度前列腺增生症

目的探讨重度前列腺增生症(BPH)的治疗方法。 方法应用经尿道前列腺电气化术(TUVP)加经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)联合治疗重度BPH患者60例。 结果 手术时间50-90 min,平均75 min,平均切除前列腺组织70 g。仅发生1例先兆电切综合症。术后平均6天拔管,自行排尿通畅。IPSS由术前平均25.5分下降至术后平均7.0分(P<0.001),最大尿流率(Qmax)由术前平均5.2 ml/s升至术后平均18.9 ml/s(P<0.001),剩余尿量由术前平均100 ml降至术后平均15 ml。术后继发性出血1例,一过性尿失禁1例。 结论TUVP加TURP联合治疗BPH兼有两者优点,是彻底治疗重度BPH安全、有效的方法。     

两种良性前列腺增生症手术安全性和疗效的比较

目的比较钬激光前列腺剜除术(HoLEP)与经尿道前列腺气化电切术(TUVP)治疗前列腺增生症(BPH)的疗效与安全性。方法以HoLEP治疗BPH35例,以TUVP治疗BPH79例,通过比较术中出血量、冲洗液吸收量、前列腺切除重量、手术时间和术后膀胱冲洗时间评价2种方法治疗BPH的安全性;通过比较术后3个月最大尿流率(Qmax)、残余尿(RU)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)评价2种方法治疗BPH的疗效。结果HoLEP治疗组术中出血量、冲洗液吸收量、前列腺切除重量、术后膀胱冲洗时间低于TUVP治疗组,手术时间长于TUVP治疗组,2组比较安全性差异有显著意义;术后3个月2组Qmax、RU、IPSS、QOL较术前均明显改善且差异有显著意义,但2组间比较差异无显著意义(P>0·05)。结论HoLEP术中出血少,冲洗液吸收量少,术后康复快,疗效确切,尤其适用于较大前列腺的治疗,应该作为BPH治疗时的首选。     

双极等离子汽化电切治疗前列腺增生症128例

目的　探讨经尿道双极等离子汽化电切术 (TUVP)治疗前列腺增生症的安全性与有效性。方法　采用经尿道双极等离子汽化电切术切除增生的前列腺 12 8例 ,术后保留三腔F2 2导尿管 3～ 7d ,全部病人随访 1～ 6个月。结果　TUVP手术时间 3 0～ 12 0min ,平均 60min ,术中由于操作失误造成膀胱穿孔 2例 ;12 8例病人拔除导尿管后 ,均能自主排尿 ,110例病人有不同程度的尿急、尿频、尿痛 ;98例病人于术后 1～ 6个月得到随访 ,3例病人前尿道狭窄 ,11例病人出现后尿道狭窄 ,予以杆状电极切开后症状消失 ;无 1例出现经尿道前列腺电切 (TURP)综合征。结论　双极等离子汽化电切治疗前列腺增生症是一种安全、有效的手术方法     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.