正交试验研究珍珠草的人工种植技术

目的研究在人工栽培条件下,珍珠草的种植方法、生长条件、生长规律,探讨大面积人工栽培的可能性,为总结珍珠草的GAP技术打下基础。方法采用种子繁育和人工移栽相结合的方法,比较野生与家种,人工栽培、种子种植与幼苗移栽种植等的生长规律、生长条件、产量等。结果在人工栽培条件下,珍珠草的各项指标均优于野生;采用种子繁育与人工移栽相结合的栽培方法明显优于单纯种子种植。结论广东省云浮地区适合珍珠草的人工种植,栽培试验成功。     

苦味叶下珠人工栽培

苦味叶下珠人工栽培尹玉琴,张美义,徐流海,向万明,邹静,徐贵丽(成都军区昆明总医院650032)苦味叶下珠DhyllanthusamarusSchuinetThonn又名珠子草,系大朝科植物。自然分布于热带及准热带地区。1989年我们首次在云南元江流域发现并鉴定了此种植物[张美义等,中国中药杂志1992;17(5):259]但因其自然分布及野生植物有限,我们于1992年首次小面积在云南西双版纳地区进行人工栽培获得成功,现将其生长特性及栽培技术报道如下。一、生长习.…     

傣族民间药用植物苦味叶下珠

介绍了苦味叶下珠在傣族民间的用法，分布，繁殖方法，移栽技术，为今后开发苦味叶下珠提供科学依据。     

《中药材》杂志2004年总目录

题　　目　　　　　　　　期数　页码　　　　　　　　题　　目　　　　　　　　期数　页码·栽培与育种·灵发素对三七愈伤组织发生和增殖的影响　　　 11枸杞头茬果质量初探 13苦味叶下珠种子发芽试验 14根腐对三七的皂苷含量影响 2 79轮叶党参庭院式栽培可行性报告 2 81氮磷肥对当归抽薹率的影响试验初报 2 82忍冬的生长特性与金银花药材质量的关系 315 7硼、锰及稀土微肥在当归栽培中的应用效果 315 9麻花秦艽种子发芽特性的研究 316 0药剂控制三七圆斑病试验初探 316 2提高射干种子发芽率的简易方法 316 3梁外半野生甘草最佳采收期研究…     

湖南地区野生千斤拔属资源调查及大叶千斤拔野生变家种技术探索

目的:了解湖南地区野生千斤拔属资源分布概况,开展湖南地区大叶千斤拔野生变家种种植技术研究,为实现规模化生产奠定基础。方法:通过踏查法对湖南地区的千斤拔属野生资源进行调查;走访法了解大叶千斤拔种植技术,采用种子育苗繁殖和野生移栽进行大叶千斤拔人工种植试验研究。结果:湖南地区的野生千斤拔属资源仅零星分布;人工种植的大叶千斤拔病虫害较少,种植1年后的亩产(干品根)平均为372 kg,种植后2年半平均亩产为464 kg,在湖南地区适合人工种植。结论:湖南地区野生的千斤拔资源近濒危,非常有必要进行大叶千斤拔野生变家种种植技术推广。     

苦味叶下珠育苗初步研究

经研究证明:培育优良种苗,是苦味叶下珠在栽培中获得高产优质产品的重要环节。育苗必须做好选株留种,适时采收,种子处理,加强育苗期间管理等关键性技术工作。     

苦味叶下珠栽培技术

大戟科苦味叶下珠Phyllanthus amarus的全草,为云南省傣族民间常用治黄疸、肝炎、痢疾等的草药.近年来研究发现有明显的抗肝病毒作用.2000年药用植物所云南分所开始试种.前文曾报道了苦味叶下珠种子发芽试验[1],本文介绍本种的栽培技术.     

重楼种苗繁育研究进展

重楼为我国名贵中药材,极具药用价值。近年来重楼药材需求量逐渐增加,人工栽培存在瓶颈,野生资源开采陷入恶性循环,且已严重透支。因此,在加强重楼资源保护的同时,积极深入开展基础研究,破解种苗繁育问题,推动人工栽培,以满足市场需求,对实现重楼资源的可持续发展和采用具有重要意义。本文综述了重楼种苗繁育现状,包括种子繁殖、茎段繁殖及组织培养等,为重楼规范化种植、资源保护与利用提供参考。     

苦味叶下珠种子发芽试验

苦味叶下珠Phyllanthus amarus为大戟科叶下珠属草本植物,以全草入药,体外能灭HBsAg,有明显抗肝病毒作用.我国云南西双版纳有较丰富的野生资源,为当地傣族民间治疗黄疸、肝炎、痢疾、毒虫咬伤等疾病的传统草药.     

大叶马蹄香野生变家种试验

大叶马蹄香野生转家种试验,用分株繁殖,在低海拔200m以下的林下或人工棚架下均能栽培。野生植株分株繁殖成活率在90％以上,栽种后植株分株繁殖成活率在95％以上。移栽植株株苗萌发期、花果期和收获期均比野生提前,且产量高,质量也好。     

傣药苦味叶下珠的利用价值及栽培技术

介绍了傣药苦味下珠的植物形态、利用价值，并根据试验结果，总结了栽培技术及采收方法。     

Inhibition of experimental gastric lesion and inflammation by Phyllanthus amarus extract

Methanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus Shum & Thonn (Euphorbiaceae) 50, 200, and 1000 mg/kg body weight significantly inhibited gastric lesions, induced by intragastric administration of absolute ethanol (8 ml/kg). Mortality, increased stomach weight, ulcer index, and intraluminal bleeding were reduced significantly by Phyllanthus amarus. Biochemical analysis indicated that reduced glutathione (GSH) of gastric mucosa produced by ethanol administration was significantly elevated by treatment with Phyllanthus amarus extract. Aqueous and methanol extracts of Phyllanthus amarus produced an inhibition of rat paw edema up to 42% compared to control in 3h and continued up to 8h. Anti-oxidant activity of the extract as well as presence of tannins in the extract may be responsible for these observed activities.     

Comparative pharmacognostic studies of three Phyllanthus species

Different species of Phyllanthus are considered to be very effective hepatoprotective agents in the Indian indigenous systems of medicine and are considered bitter, astringent, stomachic, diuretic, febrifuge, deobstruant and antiseptic. Still ayurvedic practitioners prescribed fresh juice of 'Bhuiamlki' for jaundice. Various species of Phyllanthus are being sold in India under the trade name 'Bhuiamlki'. During market surveillance of herbal drug, it was observed that almost all the commercial samples, either comprise of Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn. or Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Linn. or mixture of Phyllanthus amarus, Phyllanthus fraternus Webster. and Phyllanthus maderaspatensis. Therefore, in this context the detailed pharmacognostical evaluation of all the three species has been carried out with the aim to establish the identification markers of this important hepatoprotective agent (effective in hepatitis B too). The study conclude that all the three species can be differentiated on the basis of macro and microscopic characters, physico-chemical values, HPTLC fingerprint profile, and detection of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin as marker components. Besides, an interesting conclusion can also be drawn that phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin said to protect hepatocytes against carbon tetrachloride and galactosamine induced toxicity, may not be exclusively responsible for hepatoprotective activity as these are present only in Phyllanthus amarus while Phyllanthus fraternus and Phyllanthus maderaspatensis also possess significant hepatoprotective activity.     

Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn. on aflatoxin B1-induced liver damage in mice

Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn. (Bhuia amla; Euphorbiacae) is a herb common to central and southern India. It is an ayurvedic herb and has a wide range of traditional uses in different diseases. The aim of this work was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (Phyllanthus amarus) on aflatoxin B(1)-induced liver damage in mice using different biochemical parameters and histopathological studies. Aflatoxin was administered orally (66.6 microg kg(-1)BW 0.2 ml(-1)day(-1)) to the mice of each group except control to which normal saline and ascorbic acid (0.1g kg(-1)BW 0.2 ml(-1)day(-1)) were given, respectively. Ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (0.3g kg(-1)BW 0.2 ml(-1)day(-1)) was given to all groups except control groups (gp. I and gp. V) after 30 min of aflatoxin administration. The entire study was carried out for 3 months and animals were sacrificed after an interval of 30 days till the completion of study. Phyllanthus amarus extract was found to show hepatoprotective effect by lowering down the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and enhancing the reduced glutathione level and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Histopathological analyses of liver samples also confirmed the hepatoprotective value and antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of the herb, which was comparable to the standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid. The overall data indicated that Phyllanthus amarus possesses a potent protective effect against aflatoxin B(1)-induced hepatic damage, and the main mechanism involved in the protection could be associated with its strong capability to reduce the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species by enhancing the level of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.     

Toxic effects of chromatographic fractions of Phyllanthus amarus on the serum biochemistry of rats

Chromatographic fractions obtained from Phyllanthus amarus were tested for toxicity on the serum biochemistry of rats. The results revealed that some fractions of P. amarus had potentially deleterious effects on the blood and therefore caution should be exercised in the use of P. amarus as a medicinal plant.     

Antinociceptive properties of extracts of new species of plants of the genus Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae)

The hydroalcoholic extract (HE) of the four new species of Phyllanthus, given intraperitoneally, produced significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions, with mean ID(50) values of 0.3, 1.8, 7.4 and 26.5 mg/kg for Phyllanthus amarus, Phyllanthus orbiculatus, Phyllanthus fraternus and Phyllanthus stipulatus, respectively. In the formalin test, the four species of Phyllanthus, also produced graded inhibition against both phases of formalin-induced licking, being more active in relation of the late phase. The HE of the Phyllanthus species elicited significant inhibition of the capsaicin-induced neurogenic pain, with mean ID(50) values of 8.9, 6.7, >30 and approximately 30 mg/kg for P. amarus, P. fraternus, P. stipulatus and P. orbiculatus, respectively. Given orally all HE of the Phyllanthus species were less potent and efficacious than when given by intraperitoneally. Results of the present study extend previous data and indicate that all extracts of Phyllanthus plants so far studied exhibit pronounced antinociception when assessed in chemical models of nociception, namely acetic acid-induced writhing, and formalin and capsaicin-induced licking.     

金线莲种苗繁育及栽培模式研究现状与展望

实地考察福建、浙江、江西、台湾、广西、云南等金线莲生产种植基地,查阅相关文献,对金线莲基原植物及主要栽培类型、种苗繁育技术、栽培模式的研究现状进行了较为系统的报道。种苗繁育方式主要包括种子无菌培养、离体快繁、人工种子以及生物反应器扩繁,栽培模式主要包括设施栽培、林下仿野生栽培、盆栽等模式。最后结合自身研究对金线莲生产过程中存在的一些问题进行了探讨,为金线莲产业发展与提升提供参考。     

Antibacterial screening of some Peruvian medicinal plants used in Callería District

Nine ethanol extracts of Brunfelsia grandiflora (Solanaceae), Caesalpinia spinosa (Caesalpiniaceae), Dracontium loretense (Araceae), Equisetum giganteum (Equisetaceae), Maytenus macrocarpa (Celastraceae), Phyllanthus amarus (Euphorbiaceae), Piper aduncum (Piperaceae), Terminalia catappa (Combretaceae), and Uncaria tomentosa (Rubiaceae), medicinal plants traditionally used in Calleria District for treating conditions likely to be associated with microorganisms, were screened for antimicrobial activity against nine bacterial strains using the broth microdilution method. Among the plants tested, Phyllanthus amarus and Terminalia catappa showed the most promising antibacterial properties, inhibiting all of the strains tested with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.25 to 16 mg/ml. The extract from aerial part of Piper aduncum was significantly more active against Gram-positive (MICs ranging from 1 to 2 mg/ml) than against Gram-negative bacteria (MICs > 16 mg/ml).     

Protective effect of the aqueous leaf and seed extract of Phyllanthus amarus on gentamicin and acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxic rats

AIM OF THE STUDY: In African traditional medicine, different parts of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn. (family: Euphorbiaceae) are highly valued for the treatment of array of human diseases including hepatic and urolithic and/or other renal diseases. In the present study, single oral 100-400mg/kg/day of the leaf and seed aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus (PA) were studied for their protective effects in acetaminophen- and gentamicin-induced nephrotoxic Wistar rats for 14 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In each model of nephrotoxicities, thirty adult male Wistar rats were evenly divided into 5 groups. Groups I and II served as untreated and model controls, respectively while groups III-V were the treatment groups which were pretreated with 100-400mg/kg/day of PA 1hr before each dose of the nephrotoxicants for 14 days. On the 15th day, blood samples for serum urea and creatinine while the rat kidneys for histology were obtained under inhaled diethyl ether anesthesia. RESULTS: In the acetaminophen nephrotoxic rats, 100-400mg/kg/day significantly (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001) attenuated elevations in the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels in dose related fashion, as well as, attenuation of acetaminophen-induced tubulonephrosis. Similar effects were also recorded in the gentamicin model of acute renal injury. Results suggest that the nephroprotective effect of PA could be due to the inherent antioxidant and free-radical-scavanging principle(s) contained in the extract. CONCLUSIONS: In the near future, PA could constitute a lead to discovery of a novel drug for the treatment of drug-induced nephrotoxicity.