乌司他丁对供体肺的保护作用

目的:观察乌司他丁对长时间低温保存的供体肺的保护作用。方法:实验于2004-10/2005-03在北京阜外心血管病医院完成。①选取健康15周龄SD大鼠36只,随机分为空白对照组、乌司他丁0.5万u/kg组、乌司他丁1.0万u/kg组,12只/组,每组均取6只作为肺移植的供体鼠和受体鼠。②空白对照组大鼠供肺经低钾右旋糖苷液灌洗后,4℃冷冻保存18h后静脉血再灌注1h;乌司他丁0.5,1.0万u/kg组大鼠供肺经低钾右旋糖苷液灌洗后,再灌注静脉血中分别加入乌司他丁0.5,1.0万u/kg,余同空白对照组。③各组供体鼠腹腔麻醉后摘取供肺,4℃经肺动脉插管灌注低钾右旋糖苷液30mL,灌注高度25cmH2O。④各组受体鼠于再灌注20min前,麻醉后游离左总颈静脉,插入颈静脉插管与相应的循环管道连接。游离左侧颈总动脉,插入颈动脉插管与预充好的循环管道连接。游离左股动脉,插入入股动脉插管并连接动脉测压管测压。⑤于供体肺循环灌注1,15,30,45,60min测定供肺静脉流出血氧分压、平均肺动脉压、气道峰压;灌注结束后测定肺组织湿干比、丙二醛含量、髓过氧化物酶活性、白细胞介素8的含量。结果:实验选取大鼠36只,作为受体的18只(每组各6只)进入结果分析。①供体肺再灌注过程中各时段氧合血氧分压、平均肺动脉压、气道峰压的变化:与空白对照组比较,乌司他丁0.5,1.0万u/kg组供体肺灌注30,45,60min时氧分压均明显升高(P<0.01),平均肺动脉压和气道峰压均明显降低(P<0.01或0.05);与乌司他丁0.5万u/kg组比较,乌司他丁1.0万u/kg组供体肺灌注45,60min时氧分压均明显升高(P<0.05),平均肺动脉压和气道峰压均明显降低(P<0.01或0.05)。②再灌注后肺组织湿干比、丙二醛含量、髓过氧化物酶活性、白细胞介素8含量的变化:与空白对照组比较,乌司他丁0.5,1.0万u/kg组供体肺再灌注后湿干比、丙二醛含量、髓过氧化物酶活性、白细胞介素8含量均明显降低(P<0.01);与乌司他丁0.5万u/kg组比较,乌司他丁1.0万u/kg组供体肺再灌注后以上各指标亦均有所降低(P<0.01或0.05)。结论:于灌洗液中及再灌注时应用乌司他丁,可以减轻供肺的缺血再灌注损伤,改善供肺功能,其保护作用与给药剂量具有明显的量效关系,1.0万u/kg保护效果较佳。     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

先天性心脏病患儿血清氨基末端脑利钠肽水平与肺动脉压的关系

目的:探讨血清氨基末端脑利钠肽(NT-pro-BNP)水平与先天性心脏病肺动脉高压的相关性.方法:将52例先天性心脏病患儿分成先心病组(A组)24例,先心病并轻度肺动脉高压组(B组)15例,先心病并中重度肺动脉高压组(C组)13例,并设正常对照组(N组)20例.对所有实验对象采用电化学发光法进行血清NT-pro-BNP浓度检测,并行心脏彩超检查测量肺动脉压力.结果:血清NT-pro-BNP浓度水平在N组(91.2±16.9)pg/mL、A组(92.5±14.7)pg/mL及B组(98.1±18.3)pg/mL之间无显著差异(P>0.05),但在C组显著升高(223.6±68.1)pg/mL(P<0.01).结论:血清NT-pro-BNP水平在先天性心脏病患儿并中重度肺高压时显著升高,可作为早期判断肺动脉高压的辅助手段.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

Protection against liver injuries induced by low-temperature preservation with ulinastatin]

OBJECTIVE: To study whether ulinastatin has a protective role in cold preservation of liver and its mechanism. METHODS: To study the role of ulinastatin in protection of liver after cold preservation, the isolated rat liver with perfused either with cold perfusion fluid or perfused with cold perfusion fluid with ulinastatin. Liver tissue was harvested at 0, 12 and 24 hours after cold perfusion, and morphological changes were examined, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), thoperoxidase (MPO), malondialehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) contents were also determined. RESULTS: ALT, LDH, MPO and MDA contents were significantly lower in ulinastatin group than those in the control group at 12 and 24 hours, and levels of ALT, LDH, MDA and MPO were increased along with prolongation of preservation time (all P<0.01), but SOD was higher in ulinastatin group than the control group and it was increased along with the prolongation of time (all P<0.01). Compared with ulinastatin group, the control group showed obvious pathological changes. CONCLUSION: Protective effect of UW solution used in clinic weakens gradually as cold preservation time is prolonged. Ulinastatin has protective effect on liver against cold preservation injury, and its effect is better than the simple UW solution. Its mechanism is related to inhibition of anti-oxidation and aggregation neutrophil's accumulation effect of ulinastatin.     

盐酸戊乙奎醚对体外循环瓣膜置换术患者肺氧合和血清SP—A的影响

【目的】观察盐酸戊乙奎醚（PHC）对体外循环瓣膜置换术患者肺氧合和血清肺表面活性物质相关蛋白A（SP—A）的影响。【方法】择期行体外循环二尖瓣瓣置换术（CPB-MVR）患者59例,随机分为PHC组（n=31）和对照组（C组,n=28）,麻醉诱导前10min分别静注PHC0．02mg／kg和等体积生理盐水。于麻醉诱导后10min（T0）、转流30min（T1）、停机稳定后10min（T2）、5h（T3）和24h（T4）等5个时点采集桡动脉血检测患者动脉氧分压（PaO2）、动脉二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）以及血清SP—A;记录转流前后潮气量（VT）、气道峰压（Ppeak）和气道平台压（Pplat）,计算肺泡动脉氧分压差（A-aDO2）、氧合指数（IO）、动态顺应性（pre／posCdyn）和静态顺应性（pre／postC—sta）;记录患者苏醒时间（PD）、ICU生命支持时间（SD）和住院时间（HD）。【结果]CPB开始后两组PaO2均降低,复温后逐渐回升但低于T0,PaCO2变化相反,两者组间、组内比较均有差异（P〈0．05或0．01）;IO及A—aDO2和血清SP—A变化趋势分别与Pa02和PaCO2相似,组间、组内比较均有差异（P〈0．05）,PHC组优于C组;两组posCdyn、posCsta以及转流前后差值（pos—pre）比较有差异（P〈0．01）,PHC组优于C组;两组患者PD、SD和HD比较无差异（P〉0．05）。【结论】盐酸戊乙奎醚能够改善CPB-MVR患者肺换气功能,提高机体氧舍,增加肺顺应性,降低血清SP—A水平,减轻体外循环导致的肺损伤,缩短患者苏醒时间,减少ICU生命支持时间和住院天数。     

经肺动脉持续灌注低温含氧血及乌司他丁对肺的保护作用

目的:观察持续肺动脉灌注低温含氧血混和乌司他丁对肺功能的保护作用。方法:130例瓣膜病患者随机分为肺保护组70例,对照组60例。肺保护组在升主动脉阻断后,经主肺动脉持续灌注低温含氧血混和乌司他丁。对照组常规进行瓣膜置换手术。分别在麻醉诱导期、转流结束即刻、转流结束后6、12、24h取桡动脉血,应用放射免疫法测定肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平;同时记录机械辅助通气时间。结果:两组患者体外循环后上述参数水平开始升高,24h仍高于术前(P<0.01),但肺保护组TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平上升幅度在各时间点均低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。肺保护组机械辅助通气时间显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:持续肺动脉灌注低温含氧血混和乌司他丁能够减轻体外循环术后肺损伤。     

氟比洛芬酯保护心肺转流术后急性肺损伤的机制研究

目的探讨氟比洛芬酯对心肺转流术导致急性肺损伤的保护作用。方法30例择期行瓣膜置换术的风湿性心脏病患者分为实验组（15例）和对照组（15例）。在体外循环心肺转流开始后,实验组单次加入氟比洛芬酯2mg／妇于体外循环机中,而对照组给予等量0．9％氯化钠注射液。采用酶联免疫吸附法分别于麻醉诱导（T1）、转流前5min（T2）、转流30min（T3）、主动脉开放后心脏复跳5min（T4）、CPB结束后1h（T5）、CPB结束后5h（T6）检测两组患者的白细胞介素6（IL-6）、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子仅（TNF-α）和可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1（sICAM-1）,并同时记录肺泡-动脉氧分压差（A-aD02）和呼吸指数（RI）。结果体外循环开始后,两组患者血IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、sICAM-1及A-aDO2、RI均进行性升高,后逐渐下降,但仍均高于同组T1水平（P均〈0．05）。实验组IL-6、IL-10和slCAM-1水平在T3、T4、T5和T6时段与同时段对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。与同时段对照组比较,TNF-α水平在T4时段明显增高（P〈0．05）;A-aDO：及RI在T4、T5和T6时段均明显降低（P均〈0．05）。结论氟比洛芬酯能通过抑制IL-6、TNF-α和sICAM-1的产生,促进IL-10的释放,减轻心肺转流术后的急性肺损伤,从而保护并改善术后肺功能。     

乌司他丁与氨溴索合用对婴幼儿体外循环术后的肺保护作用

[目的]探讨低体重婴幼儿体外循环（CPB）手术围术期联合应用乌司他丁与氨溴索的肺保护效果。[方法]以60例体重7奴及以下的先天性心脏病室间隔缺损患儿为研究对象,随机分四组（每组15例）：氨溴索组（A组,氨溴索20mg／kg·d）、乌司他丁组（U组,乌司他丁1～2万U／d）,联合组（AU组）按A、U组方案联合应用氨溴索和乌司他丁,对照组（C组）为空白对照,仅予以常规处理。以动态肺顺应性（Cd）、静态肺顺应性（Cs）以及呼吸指数（RI）来评价术后早期肺功能改变。[结果]手术后1h,AU组Cd优于A组、C组,RI优于A组、U组;手术后24h,AU组Cd和RI优于其他组,Cs优于A组、U组。[结论]围术期联合应用乌司他丁和氨溴索可抑制婴幼儿CPB术后炎症反应,改善术后肺功能,其效能大于其中任一药物单用。     

血液滤过膜对心肺转流术后呼吸功能的影响

目的　研究在心肺转流术中使用两种不同的膜材料进行血液滤过对术后呼吸功能的保护效果。方法　选择2 0 0 2 - 10～ 2 0 0 3- 0 9接受心内直视手术患者 2 0例 ,随机分成吸附组 (n =10 )和对照组 (n =10 ) ,前者使用AN6 9膜 ,后者使用PS膜进行术中血液滤过。各组均分别于心肺转流前、心肺转流结束时及心肺转流结束后 6 0、12 0、180、2 4 0min测定气道平台压(PPlateau)、气道峰压 (PPeak)、静态胸肺顺应性 (Cst)、动态胸肺顺应性 (Cdyn)和呼吸指数 (RI)的变化。结果　在心肺转流结束至心肺转流结束后 2 4 0min期间 ,吸附组PPlateau、PPeak和RI升高及Cst和Cdyn降低的程度低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,持续时间短于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。两组均无死亡 ,无血红蛋白尿。结论　用AN6 9膜较PS膜血液滤过更明显地减轻心肺转流引起的肺损伤 ,改善呼吸功能     

体外循环期间肺动脉灌注低温肺保护液及低温氧合血对犬的肺保护作用

目的研究体外循环期间肺动脉灌注低温保护液及低温氧合血对犬的肺保护作用。方法将12只杂种犬随机分为氧合血组及保护液组，各6只，左肺为对照组。体外循环（CPB）前及停CPB后不同时间点，监测气道峰压、肺血管阻力和右肺静脉血氧分压，留取血标本做生化分析以及对肺组织进行光、电镜观察。结果肺保护液组CPB后气道峰压、肺血管阻力、肺静脉氧分压、肺泡．动脉氧压力差、支气管肺泡灌洗液、肺组织MDA及组织学及透射电镜结果均明显优于氧合血组，后者又明显优于对照组。结论肺动脉灌注低温氧合血，有一定的肺保护作用，但该作用明显弱于低温肺保护液，肺动脉灌注含抑肽酶和沐舒坦的低温肺保护液，具有良好的肺保护作用。     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸对体外循环后肺微血管通透性的保护作用

目的 通过成年犬体外循环(CPB)相关肺损伤模型,研究探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)是否能减轻CPB相关肺损伤及保护肺微血管通透性的作用.方法 成年犬24只,随机分为3组(n=8),C组(CPB中用生理盐水),N1(CPB前用NAC),N2组(CPB中用NAC).通过监测CPB前(To)、CPB停机后维持30 min(T1)、60 min(T2)的呼吸指数(RI)及肺组织中MDA的含量,检测支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)的白细胞计数、总蛋白含量,肺微血管通透性指数(PMPI)、电镜观察肺泡上皮细胞形态学改变.结果 RI:CPB前3组差异无统计学意义,停机后(T1、T2),C组的RI升高幅度明显大于N1组、N2组(P<0.05),N1组低于N2组(P<0.05).MDA:CPB前3组差异无统计学意义,停机后(R1、T2),C组MDA的升高幅度高于N1组、N2组(P<0.05).BALF虹白细胞计数、总蛋白含量:C组显著高于N1组、N2组(P<0.05),N1组低于N2组(P<0.05).PMPI:C组显著高于NI组、N2组(P<0.05),N1组低于N2组(P<0.05).组织学检查:C组显示明显的肺部炎症改变,还可见内皮细胞间隙增宽.Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞胞质空泡化,板层体消失,线粒体肿胀;N1组、N2组相应改变明显减轻.结论 NAC可减轻CPB相关性肺损伤,并可降低肺微血管通透性,且CPB前NAC优于CPB中用NAC.     

高渗氯化钠溶液对术中单肺通气时肺保护作用

目的通过观察单肺通气患者术中氧合指数（oxygenation index,OI）、呼吸指数（respiratory index,RI）及动态肺顺应性（dynamic lung compliance,Cdyn）的变化,探讨高渗氯化钠溶液对术中单肺通气患者的肺保护作用。方法选择2009年12月-2011年2月完成的美国麻醉师协会分级为Ⅰ～Ⅲ级,心肺功能筛查、血常规、肝肾功能及凝血功能无明显异常,拟在全麻双腔气管插管下行开胸手术,术中需行单肺通气患者60例,随机分为高渗氯化钠组（A组）和对照组（B组）,每组30例。A组在开始单肺通气后30min快速输注7.5%高渗氯化钠溶液2mL/kg,15min内输注完毕,B组输注等量生理盐水,分别记录输注前（T1）、输注完毕时（T2）、输注后30min（T3）、输注后1h（T4）的OI、RI及Cdyn变化,并比较两组各时间点生命体征变化。结果两组患者OI、RI及Cdyn在T1、T2时差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;两组患者不同时间点平均动脉压、心率、脉搏血氧饱和度、中心静脉压、呼气末CO2分压比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;A组患者在T3、T4时的OI和Cdyn较B组明显升高,RI明显降低（P〈0.05）;且A组患者在T3、T4时的OI和Cdyn较T1时明显增高,RI明显降低（P〈0.05）。结论高渗氯化钠溶液能改善术中单肺通气患者的OI、RI及Cdyn,对肺功能有一定的保护作用     

肺动脉灌注肺保护液对体外循环相关性炎症反应影响的实验研究

目的探讨肺动脉灌注低温肺保护液对体外循环相关性炎症反应的影响。方法将20只杂种犬随机分为对照组和实验组。实验组在阻断升主动脉后经肺动脉灌注低温肺保护液,对照组则行常规体外循环、不灌注肺保护液,分别于诱导前(T1),转流1h(T2),停机1h(T3),停机2h(T4)抽取动脉血,测定血浆肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)浓度。结果两组实验犬血浆TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10的浓度,在T2-T4各时点与体外循环前比较均明显增加(P0.05);T2-T4时点实验组血浆TNF-α和IL-6浓度明显低于对照组(P0.01),IL-10浓度明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论体外循环期间经肺动脉灌注低温肺保护液可抑制体外循环过程中促炎细胞因子TNF-α和IL-6的释放,促进抗炎细胞因子IL-10的释放,从而减轻体外循环引起的全身炎症反应。