Vitrectomy without encircling band for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior break utilizing 3D heads up viewing system

Purpose:This study aimed to determine the anatomical and functional outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy without encircling band for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments with inferior breaks utilizing 3D heads up viewing system.Method:This prospective, single-center study included 22 consecutive eyes with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments with only inferior breaks with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) CP2 or less, who underwent pars plana vitrectomy without encircling band, with silicon oil as tamponade. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon. The single operation success rate was recorded after silicon oil removal.Results:The patient population consisted of 08 women (36%) and 14 men (64%) with a mean age of 56.6 +/− 14.7 years. The mean follow-up period was 8 months. A single break was present in 13 cases (59%), and 2–4 breaks were present in 9 cases (40.9%). The mean time for the surgical procedure was 35 min (range: 25–50). The macula was found to be detached in 19 cases (86.36%) and attached in 3 cases (13.6%). Single operation success rate (SOSR) of vitrectomy, after silicon oil removal without encircling band, for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with inferior breaks was 95.4%. One case redetached due to PVR changes and underwent re-surgery. Final reattachment was achieved in all 22 cases (100%). Mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved from 1.43 ± 0.59 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) to postoperative BCVA was 0.48 ± 0.34 logMAR (P = 0.001).Conclusion:Pars plana vitrectomy without encircling band, utilizing 3D heads up the system in RRDs with inferior breaks in eyes with PVR grade C2 or less, provides good outcome.     

玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

目的 探讨玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离（ｔｒｔｉｎａｌ ｄｅｔａｃｈｍｅｎｔ,ＲＤ）的效果。方法 对３２例（３２只眼）植入人工晶状体后ＲＤ患眼行玻璃体除术,其中首次治疗采用玻璃体切除术１１只眼（３４．４％）,巩膜扣带术失败后再行玻璃体切除术２１只眼（６５．６％）,玻璃体切除术中联合硅油充填１０只眼（３１．３％）,玻璃体切除术同时行人工晶状体取出１２只眼（３７．５％）。术后随诊６个月至５年     

显微内镜下玻璃体视网膜手术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

目的探讨眼科显微内镜在人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离玻璃体视网膜手术中的应用。方法对32例(32眼)人工晶状体术后视网膜脱离在眼科显微内镜下行玻璃体视网膜手术,观察视网膜解剖复位率、裂孔检出、视力、并发症。平均随诊时间14.6月。结果首次玻璃体切除术后视网膜复位29眼(90.63%),最终视网膜完全复位30眼(93.75%);术后6个月时矫正视力0.1以上者21眼,0.5以上者4眼。术前6眼未发现裂孔者术中内镜下全部找到裂孔,裂孔检出26眼中,术中发现新裂孔6眼,手术后10眼一时性高眼压,2眼人工晶状体移位。结论眼科内镜在人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离玻璃体视网膜手术中的应用,降低了裂孔的遗漏,使视网膜解剖复位率显著提高。     

Management of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undetectable retinal breaks

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Difficulties encountered during the repair of pseudophakic retinal detachment are related to difficulties in peripheral retinal visualization and identification of retinal breaks. The implication of nonvisualized breaks in patients with pseudophakic retinal detachment is associated with lower rates of surgical success. This report decribes the results of a prospective trial to evaluate the efficacy of both scleral buckling surgery in the treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undetected retinal breaks and pars plana vitrectomy techniques in the management of the cases that redetected after primary buckling surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study represents 25 cases of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undiagnosed retinal breaks. In each case, we performed a scleral buckling that extended over the circumference of the retinal detachment. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal subretinal fluid drainage and long-term tamponade were performed on 7 patients with uncomplicated recurrent retinal detachments after primary buckling surgery. The mean duration of follow up was 32 months. RESULTS: There were 25 eyes (24.5%) of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undiagnosed retinal breaks represented in our pseudophakic retinal detachment cases. Anatomic success was achieved after the initial scleral buckling surgery in 18 eyes (72%). The overall success rate was 92%. The visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 8 patients (32%), 20/80 to 20/40 in 6 patients (24%), 5/200 to 20/80 in 7 patients (28%), and light perception to hand movement in 4 patients (16%). Complications included vitreous hemorrhage, macular pucker, cystoid macular edema, and hypotony with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. CONCLUSION: Scleral buckling surgery in conjunction with cryotherapy is effective in the initial treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undetectable retinal breaks. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal fluid-gas exchange and long-term tamponade can be used to treat these patients with recurrent retinal detachment after primary buckling surgery to get a higher overall success rate.     

Vitrectomy without scleral buckle versus ab-externo approach for pseudophakic retinal detachment: comparative retrospective study

PURPOSE: Retinal detachment (RD) is a major complication of cataract surgery, which can be treated by either primary vitrectomy without indentation or the scleral buckling procedure. The aim of this study is to compare the results of these two techniques for the treatment of pseudophakic RD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The charts of 40 patients (40 eyes) treated with scleral buckling for a primary pseudophakic RD were retrospectively studied and compared to the charts of 32 patients (32 eyes) treated with primary vitrectomy without scleral buckle during the same period by the same surgeons. To obtain comparable samples, patients with giant retinal tears, vitreous hemorrhage, and severe preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) were not included. Minimal follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: The primary success rate was 84% in the vitrectomy group and 82.5% in the ab-externo group. Final anatomical success was observed in 100% of cases in the vitrectomy group and in 95% of cases in the ab-externo group. Final visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 44% of cases in the vitrectomy group and 37.5% in the ab-externo group. The duration of the surgery was significantly lower in the ab-externo group, whereas the hospital stay tended to be lower in the vitrectomy group. In the vitrectomy group, postoperative PVR developed in 3 eyes and new or undetected breaks were responsible for failure of the initial procedure in 2 eyes. CONCLUSION: Primary vitrectomy appears to be as effective as scleral buckling procedures for the treatment of pseudophakic RD.     

Non-buckled vitrectomy for retinal detachment with inferior breaks and proliferative vitreoretinophathy

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of non-buckled vitrectomy with classical endotamponade agents in the treatment of primary retinal detachment (RD) complicated by inferior breaks and proliferative vitreoretinophathy (PVR).METHODS: A retrospective, consecutive and case series study of 40 patients with inferior break RD and PVR ≥C1 was conducted. All patients underwent a standard 3-port 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with gas or silicone oil tamponade without supplementary scleral buckling. The vitreous and all proliferative membrane were completely removed, and retinectomy was performed when necessary. The mean follow-up was 12.5 months. The primary and final anatomic success rate, visual acuity and complications were recorded and analyzed.RESULTS: Primary anatomic success rate was achieved in 35 of 40 eyes (87.5%) and the final anatomic success rate was 100%. The most common cause of redetachment was recurrent PVR. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at final follow-up was improved in 34 eyes (85%), remained stable in 1 eye (2.5%), and worsened in 5 eyes (12.5%). The mean visual acuity at final follow-up was improved significantly (P=0.000).CONCLUSION: This retrospective study provides evidence that vitrectomy without scleral buckling seemed to be an effective treatment for inferior break RD with PVR. With complete removal of vitreous and proliferative membranes and timing of retinectomy, the inferior breaks which complicated with PVR could be closed successfully without additional scleral buckling.     

Management of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with inferior breaks

BACKGROUND: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) with inferior breaks are usually treated by scleral buckling (SB) or pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or a combination of both methods. However, applying a SB during PPV may produce a risk of choroidal haemorrhage. Following a recent pilot study showing that such cases can be safely treated by PPV without SB the authors re-examined their management of RRD in which inferior breaks were present. METHODS: All patients had a detached vitreous and a complex configuration of retinal breaks. A case-control study was performed to analyse the surgical methods and results of PPV on 48 consecutive patients with RRD associated with inferior breaks and 48 age/sex matched controls who underwent PPV for RRD without inferior breaks. Exclusion criteria were giant retinal tears, retinal dialysis, trauma, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade B or higher, schisis detachments, and eyes that had been operated previously for RRD. A simple algorithm was followed to manage patients with inferior breaks. All patients underwent a standard three port PPV with intraocular gas tamponade without supplementary SB. Patients were asked to posture face up or right or left side down for 1 week. RESULTS: 39 of the 48 patients (81.3%) with inferior breaks were treated successfully with one operation. 41 of 48 patients (85.4%) control patients achieved primary success. The final success rate was 95.8% in both groups. There was no statistical difference between the two groups. When all the cases of RRD were analysed (including external plomb/non-drain procedures) the primary success rate was 89% and final success rate 97.5%. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that acceptable success rates can be achieved using PPV alone to treat RRD with inferior breaks. Complications are minimised and patients in this high risk group have an 81% chance of primary success. Pars plana vitrectomy and gas will successfully reattach the retina and a supplementary SB, to support the inferior retina, is unnecessary as the intraocular gas, and face up or, right or left side down positioning will tamponade breaks satisfactorily.     

Pseudophakic inferior retinal detachment or detachment with inferior breaks: clinical outcome and recurrences after primary vitrectomy-gas

BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the outcome of primary vitrectomy/gas for pseudophakic retinal detachment (RD) located inferiorly or associated to inferior breaks. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective, non-randomised study comprising 18 pseudophakic RD eyes with inferior RD (group A) and 19 pseudophakic RD eyes with inferior breaks (group B) treated with primary vitrectomy and gas tamponade (SF (6) 20 %). Pre- and postoperative characteristics were analysed, focusing on RD recurrences. RESULTS: In group A, RD recurred in 2/18 eyes (11 %) and was associated to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) both at first intervention and on recurrence. In group B, RD recurred in 4/19 eyes (21 %). One eye presented PVR at first intervention and all at re-intervention. Anatomic reapplication was achieved after second vitrectomy/gas in 2/4 eyes of group B, whereas long-term silicon oil tamponade was needed in 2 eyes of each group. CONCLUSIONS: This series shows a high success rate of primary vitrectomy/gas in pseudophakic RD patients with inferior RD or detachment associated to inferior breaks. Recurrences after vitrectomy are most often related to the presence of PVR.     

Vitrectomy without scleral buckling for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Trans pars plana vitrectomy with air-fluid exchange was performed on 29 selected cases of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in which scleral buckling would be the usual surgical approach. The group contained 20 phakic eyes, two aphakic eyes, and seven pseudophakic eyes; the macula was detached preoperatively in 17 eyes (66%). The reattachment rate after one operation was 79% (23 of 29 eyes); after two operations this increased to 93% (27 of 29 eyes). Visual acuities of 20/50 or better were achieved in 22 of 27 successfully treated cases (81%). Vitrectomy without scleral buckling may allow retinal reattachment with excellent visual results in selected cases of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.     

Primary vitrectomy for pseudophakic retinal detachment.

AIM/BACKGROUND: Viewing the peripheral retina is the major problem in the repair of pseudophakic retinal detachments. Conventional buckling procedures in pseudophakic eyes are complicated by persistent retinal (re-) detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) more often than in phakic eyes. METHODS: Primary vitrectomy was performed in 33 consecutive cases for pseudophakic retinal detachment with the help of liquid perfluorocarbons and a wide angle viewing system, following a standardised procedure. All eyes have passed the 12 month follow up examination. RESULTS: The primary reattachment rate was 94%. PVR was observed in one case (3%). Seventy nine per cent (26 eyes) regained vision of 20/50 or better, with a median visual acuity of 20/30. The most frequent complication was transient glaucoma during the early postoperative period in 48% (16 eyes) requiring carboanhydrase inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The main advantage of primary vitrectomy over conventional buckling seems to be the better intraoperative sight to the most peripheral retinal holes, controlled removal of vitreous traction, and focused endolaser coagulation. This may explain the low rate of PVR after primary vitrectomy. Also, visual results tended to be better compared with conventional surgical techniques possibly because of removed vitreous opacities, and because of a superior retinal reattachment rate as well as the reduced rate of PVR.