中英文对照名词词汇（九）

髓鞘相关糖蛋白 myelin associated glycoprotein（MAG） 糖尿病周围神经病变 diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN） 特发性基底节钙化 idiopathic basal ganglia calcification（IBGC）     

神经生长因子和甲钴胺联合治疗DPN的疗效观察

糖尿病周围神经病（diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN）是糖尿病常见的并发症之一。主要累及感觉神经、运动神经和自主神经,严重影响患者的生活质量。本研究观察我院2006年8月至2008年8月DPN患者40例,比较与人同源的鼠神经生长因子（mouse nerve growth factor,mNGF）和甲钴胺联合治疗与单用甲钴胺治疗的疗效,报道如下。     

糖尿病患者IGF-1与胫后神经传导及卧立位血压差

<正> 糖尿病周围神经病(diabetic periphralneuropathy,DPNP)是糖尿病(diabetesmellitus,DM)的常见并发症之一,它可以累及感觉神经、运动神经及植物神经,但其机理尚不清楚。     

糖尿病性周围神经病的神经外科治疗

糖尿病性周围神经病（diabetic peripheral neuropathy，DPN）是最为常见的糖尿病性神经病变，其中又以双侧肢体末端对称性多发感觉运动神经病变（distal symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy，DSSP）最多见。进展性DSSP常给患者带来巨大痛苦，防治极为困难。应用周围神经减压术可有效缓解DSSP症状，并有可能逆转DPN的自然病程，为DPN的治疗提供了一种新途径。     

前列地尔联合甲钴胺和α-硫辛酸治疗老年2型糖尿病周围神经病变疗效观察

糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN）是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症之一,发病率高达60%～90%,具有起病隐匿、进展缓慢、晚期病变不可逆等特点,严重影响患者的生活质量[1-2]。甲钴胺是治疗DPN的基本药物,能够一定程度缓解症状,     

Amplitude of sensory nerve action potential in early stage diabetic peripheral neuropathy： an analysis of 500 cases

Early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is important for the successful treatment of diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we recruited 500 diabetic patients from the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University in China from June 2008 to September 2013：221 cases showed symptoms of peripheral neuropathy （symptomatic group） and 279 cases had no symptoms of peripheral impairment （asymptomatic group）. One hundred healthy control subjects were also recruited. Nerve conduction studies revealed that distal motor latency was longer, sensory nerve conduction velocity was slower, and sensory nerve action potential and amplitude of compound muscle action potential were significantly lower in the median, ulnar, posterior tibial and common peroneal nerve in the diabetic groups compared with control subjects. Moreover, the alterations were more obvious in patients with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Of the 500 diabetic patients, neural conduction abnormalities were detected in 358 cases （71.6%）, among which impairment of the common peroneal nerve was most prominent. Sensory nerve abnormality was more obvious than motor nerve abnormality in the diabetic groups. The amplitude of sensory nerve action potential was the most sensitive measure of peripheral neuropathy. Our results reveal that varying degrees of nerve conduction changes are present in the early, asymptomatic stage of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.     

血栓通联合甲钴胺针穴位注射治疗糖尿病周围神经病变临床观察

糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN）是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症之一,占糖尿病的67%[1],随着病程的延长,可达90%~100%,临床多表现为肢体麻木、疼痛、感觉异常,甚至肌肉萎缩,给患者的生活质量带来很大影响,因发病机制及病因不完全清楚,目前治疗缺乏特异性.2011-12-2013-10我们采用血栓通联合甲钴胺穴位注射治疗2型糖尿病周围神经病变,取得良好疗效,现报告如下.     

Angiogenin gene polymorphism A risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in the northern Chinese Han population ？

Angiogenin is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Here, we se- quenced the coding region of the angiogenin gene in genomic DNA from 207 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （129 diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients and 78 diabetic non-neuropathy pa- tients） and 268 healthy controls. All subjects were from the Han population of northern China. No mutations were found. We then compared the genotype and allele frequencies of the angiogenin synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism rs11701 between the diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients and controls, and between the diabetic neuropathy and non-neuropathy patients, using a case-control design. We detected no statistically significant genetic associations. Angiogenin may not be associated with genetic susceptibility to diabetic peripheral neuropathy in the Han population of northern China.     

α-硫辛酸对糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效及对氧化应激的影响

我们应用α-硫辛酸(ALA)治疗糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DN)患者43例,观察治疗前后神经症状改善情况及氧化应激指标(SOD、MDA)变化,现报道如下.     

Prostaglandin E1 in conjunction with high doses of vitamin B12 improves nerve conduction velocity of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy

BACKGROUND： Prostaglandin El improves diabetic peripheral neuropathy in symptoms and sensory threshold. Vitamin Bi and methyl-vitamin BI2 improve microcirculation to peripheral nerve tissue and promote neurotrophy. OBJECTIVE： To observe motor nerve and sensory nerve conduction velocity in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, prior to and after treatment with prostaglandin El, vitamin B I and different doses of vitamin B 12. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized, controlled experiment, performed at the Department of Neurology, Beijing Hantian Central Hospital, between February 2002 and September 2007. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 122 patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy; 73 males and 49 females were included. All patients met the diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus, as determined by the World Health Organization in 1999 and 2006, and also the diagnostic criteria of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. For each subject, conduction disorders in the median nerve and in the common peroneal nerve were observed using electromyogram. Also, after diet and drug treatment, the blood glucose level of subjects was observed to be at a satisfactory level for more than two weeks, and the symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy were not alleviated. METHODS： All patients were randomly divided into the following three groups. A control group （n = 40）, in which, 100 mg vitamin B1 and 500 μg vitamin BI2 were intramuscularly injected. A vitamin B12 low-dose treated group （ n = 42）, in which 10 μ g prostaglandin E1 in 250 mL physiological saline was intravenously injected once a day and 100 mg vitamin BI and 500 11 g vitamin BI2 was intramuscularly injected once a day. Lastly, a vitamin B12 high-dose treated group （n = 40）, in which administration was the same as in the vitamin B12 low-dose treated group, except that 500 11 g vitamin BI2 was replaced by 1mg vitamin B12. Administration was performed for four weeks for each group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The motor nerve and sensory nerve con     

糖尿病病程对糖尿病下肢周围神经病变的影响简

目的探讨糖尿病病程对糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN）严重程度及手术疗效的影响,以及DPN早期诊断、早期手术的意义。方法回顾性分析15粥例DPN病人的临床资料,将病人分为短病程组（〈5年）和长病程组（≥5年）,各有715例和811例。采用DeUon术式对病人卡压的下肢神经进行显微减压。术前和术后1．5年行神经高频超声、定量感觉检查（quantitative sensory testing,QST）、感觉传导速度（nerve conduction velocity,NCV）检测,同时选取50例志愿者作为正常对照组行对比性研究。结果短病程DPN病人术前、术后1．5年神经横断面积（cross section area,CSA）、NCV、冷感觉阈值、热感觉阈值、振动觉阈值均优于长病程DPN病人（均P〈0．05）。短病程DPN病人NCV和QST阳性检测率分别为71．5％、93．7％,两者间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;长病程病人分别为90．3％、95．3％,两者间差异没有统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论糖尿病病程对DPN病人发病时严重程度至关重要,同时也对DPN病人的手术疗效和预后产生影响。DPN的早期诊断、早期手术具有重要临床价值。     

前列地尔治疗2型糖尿病周围神经病变临床分析

目的 观察前列地尔(alprostadil injection)治疗2型糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripheral neuropathy)的疗效及其安全性.方法 符合入选标准的本院患者80例,分为治疗组(n=40)和对照组(n=40).治疗组1次/d静脉注射凯时针剂10 μg,对照组1次/d肌内注射甲钴...     

住院精神分裂症患者药物使用现况调查

目的调查2013年5月在上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心住院的精神分裂症患者药物使用情况。方法本次研究为横断面研究,以2013年5月22日为时点调查日,对我院802例精神分裂症住院患者使用自制调查表进行药物使用的现况调查。结果（1）单一使用抗精神病药物患者比例为43．45％。（2）抗精神病药物使用频度前5位：氯氮平421例（52．56％）,奥氮平225例（28．09％）,利培酮196例（24．47％）,阿立派唑158例（19．73％）,奎硫平126例（15．73％）。（3）精神分裂症患者中合并糖尿病的比例为21．70％,且年龄因素、是否使用氯氮平治疗与糖尿病的发生有相关性。（4）精神分裂症患者中合并高血压的比例为33．04％,且年龄因素与高血压的发生有相关性。结论我院单一用药比例低,氯氮平的使用率高,抗精神病药物的治疗仍需进一步规范。精神分裂症患者中合并糖尿病、高血压的比例高,年龄因素可增加糖尿病、高血压的发生率,服用氯氮平可增加糖尿病的发生率。     

疏血通联合神经妥乐平治疗糖尿病周围神经病临床研究

糖尿病周围神经病(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)作为一种常常累及全身运动、感觉及自主神经的常见的糖尿病并发症,其常表现为对称性感觉减退、肢体疼痛、麻木等.据Paul等[1]报道约54%的l型糖尿病和45%的2型糖尿病发生糖尿病周围神经病,是一种重要的足部溃疡和下肢截肢的危险因素[2].     

糖尿病合并慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病-4例临床分析并文献回顾

目的探讨糖尿病(diabetic mellitus,DM)合并慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病(chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy,CIDP)的临床、电生理特点,并与糖尿病周围神经病(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)进行早期鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析4例DM合并CIDP患者的临床表现、电生理检查及诊疗特征。结果 4例DM合并CIDP患者中,1例仅表现为对称性肢体乏力,其余3例均伴有对称性的麻木或疼痛,仅1例患者伴有颅神经损害;4例患者均存在腱反射均减弱或消失,病程均超过2个月,且均有脑脊液蛋白-细胞分离现象;4例患者肌电图检查均提示脱髓鞘病变为主,使用激素冲击治疗后症状均好转,其中2例复发患者分别采用丙种球蛋白和血浆置换术治疗后症状好转,4例患者目前均恢复良好。结论当糖尿病患者出现周围神经病变时,早期根据其临床特征及辅助检查,诊断其是否合并CIDP,并对DM合并CIDP患者合理使用免疫抑制治疗效果良好。     

重视糖尿病周围神经病的早期诊断和防治

糖尿病周围神经病(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症,其发病率高达60%～90%.DPN主要表现为四肢末端手套袜套样分布区域的麻木、疼痛及感觉异常,严重影响患者的生活质量.     

61例糖尿病患者周围神经传导速度临床分析

目的 探讨周围神经传导速度（NCV）在糖尿病性周围神经病（DPN）诊断中的价值。方法 对61例糖尿病（DM）患者行正中神经、尺神经和腓总神经运动传导速度（MCV）及正中神经、尺神经和腓浅神经感觉传导速度（SCV）进行检测。结果 61例糖尿病患者NCV异常率为81．97％（50／61）。共检测732条神经,MCV366条．SCV366条,异常率分别为27．05％（99／366）、49．45％（181／366）,差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）。上肢检测488条神经,异常率为30．94％（151／488）;下肢检测244条神经,异常率为48．77％（119／244）,差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论 检测周围神经传导速度不但可以早期诊断糖尿病性周围神经病,而且有助于发现亚临床患者,是DPN的重要辅助检查手段。     

交感皮肤反应对糖尿病自主神经病变的诊断价值

目的探讨交感皮肤反应（sympathetic skin response,SSR）在糖尿病自主神经病变诊断中的价值。方法对186例糖尿病周围神经病（Diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN）患者和203例糖尿病非DPN患者进行SSR检测,同时对102例健康人进行SSR检测。结果SSR起始潜伏期异常率高于波幅异常率,下肢的异常率高于上肢异常率。DPN患者中,174例（93.5%）SSR异常,其中32例未引出SSR,142例起始潜伏期延长,109例波幅下降。203例DM非DPN患者中,46例（22.7%）SSR起始潜伏期延长和/或波幅下降,其中19例有出汗异常,4例在检查后数月出现出汗异常。结论SSR是早期诊断糖尿病自主神经病变的敏感手段,可发现亚临床神经病,并与病情进展相吻合。     

糖尿病伴发脑梗塞患者血清Lp（α）含量的研究

对７２例糖尿病伴急性脑梗塞患者及６０例不伴糖尿病的脑梗塞患者测定血清Ｌｐ（α）水平，并与５０例对照组比较。结果显示，两组脑梗塞患者血清Ｌｐ（α）含量明显高于对照组，糖尿病伴脑梗塞组又明显高于不伴糖尿病脑梗塞组。Ｌｐ（α）增高发生率在脑梗塞组为３１．７％，在伴糖尿病组为４１．７％。糖尿病伴脑梗塞组血清Ｌｐ（α）水平与血糖呈正相关，与性别、高血压、甘油三脂、胆固醇无关。血高水平Ｌｐ（α）是糖尿病并发脑梗塞的重要危险因素。     

糖尿病与高血压病的脑血流动力学对照研究——经颅多普勒超声…

为了观察糖尿病和高血压病对脑血流动力学的影响，我们采用经颅多普勒检测了糖尿病，高血压病人有糖尿病＋高血压三组患者脑底动脉的血流速度，结果为糖尿病组（ｎ＝４８）的血流异常率为４１．７％，高血压病组（ｎ＝１６０）的异常率为３０％，而糖尿病＋高血压病组（ｎ＝３５）的异常率则高达８２．９％，明显主于前两组（Ｐ〈０．００５）。各组患者都以ＭＣＡ的血流异常最为突出，其次为ＡＣＡ，ＣＳ，ＢＡ，ＶＡ和ＰＣＡ，而糖