α-adducin基因和CYP11B2基因多态性与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效的相关性研究

原发性高血压(EH)患者服用氢氯噻嗪(HCTZ)6周后,按不同α-adducin基因型和CYP11B2基因型分组,比较不同基因型组合患者的血压下降值.结果 α1-adducin基因TT、TG、GG基因型患者收缩压均下降,TT基因型收缩压下降值显著大于TG、GG型(P＜0.01);CYPllB2基因CC、CT和TT基因型患者收缩压亦均下降,但下降值组间比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05);TT α-adducin×CC CYP11B2基因型组合患者收缩压下降值与其他基因型组合患者比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05).多因素分析结果表明,治疗前醛固酮浓度和TT α-adducin基因型、TT α1adducin×CC CYP11B2基因型组合是影响患者收缩压下降的主要因素.认为α-adducin基因TT α-adducin基因型与HCTZ的降压疗效相关;TT α-adducin×CC CYP11B2基因型组合患者对HCTZ的降压反应优于其他基因型组合患者.     

血管紧张素转换酶和α-Adducin基因多态性与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效

目的研究血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因I/D多态性和α-adducin基因G614T多态性与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效的关系.方法829例原发性高血压患者同时服用氢氯噻嗪12.5mg,1次/d,6周后资料完整的754例患者按不同ACE基因型和α-adducin基因型分组,比较不同基因型组和组合基因型组血压下降值.结果服用氢氯噻嗪6周后,DD基因型患者收缩压下降值大于II、ID型患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).TT基因型患者收缩压下降值大于GG、GT型患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);TT、GT基因型患者舒张压下降值大于GG基因型患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);多因素分析结果表明DD基因型、TT基因型、DD+TT组合基因型、治疗前醛固酮(Ald)水平是影响患者收缩压下降的主要因素.结论ACE基因I/D多态性、α-adducin基因G614T多态性均与氢氯噻嗪的降压疗效相关;DD+TT组合基因型对HCTZ的降压反应可能优于其他组合基因型.     

血管紧张素转换酶和α-Adducin基因多态性与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因I／D多态性和α-adducin基因G614T多态性与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效的关系。方法 829例原发性高血压患者同时服用氢氯噻嗪12.5mg，1次／d，6周后资料完整的754例患者按不同ACE基因型和α-adducin基因型分组，比较不同基因型组和组合基因型组血压下降值。结果 服用氢氯噻嗪6周后，DD基因型患者收缩压下降值大于II、ID型患者，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。TT基因型患者收缩压下降值大于GG、GT型患者，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；TT、GT基因型患者舒张压下降值大于GG基因型患者，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；多因素分析结果表明：DD基因型、TT基因型、DD TT组合基因型、治疗前醛固酮(Ald)水平是影响患者收缩压下降的主要因素。结论 ACE基因I／D多态性、α-adducin基因G614T多态性均与氢氯噻嗪的降压疗效相关；DD TT组合基因型对HCTZ的降压反应可能优于其他组合基因型。     

血管紧张素转换酶和醛固酮合成酶基因多态性与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效的关系

目的研究血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因I/D多态性和醛固酮合成酶(CYP11B2)基因-344T/C多态性与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效的关系。方法829例高血压病(EH)患者同时服用氢氯噻嗪12·5mg(1次/d),6周后资料完整的785例患者按不同ACE基因型和CYP11B2基因型分组,比较不同基因型和不同基因型组合间血压下降值有无差别。结果服用氢氯噻嗪6周后,ACE基因II、ID、DD型患者收缩压分别下降(5·1±14·8)mmHg(1mmHg=0·133kPa)、(4·8±16·3)mmHg和(9·4±15·7)mmHg,DD型患者下降值大于II、ID型患者,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0·00);CYP11B2基因TT、TC、CC型患者收缩压下降值分别为(5·8±16·2)mmHg、(5·5±14·9)mmHg和(7·6±16·1)mmHg,组间比较差异无统计学意义。DD+CC基因型患者收缩压下降值为(10·6±12·3)mmHg,高于其他基因型组合患者,但差异无统计学意义(P>0·05)。多因素分析结果表明DD基因型和治疗前醛固酮浓度是影响患者坐位收缩压下降的主要因素。结论ACE基因的DD型与氢氯噻嗪的降压疗效相关,CYP11B2基因CC型、DD+CC型患者对氢氯噻嗪的降压反应可能优于其他基因组合患者。     

血管紧张素转化酶与血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体基因多态性与心力衰竭预后的相关性研究

目的:评价血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)与血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体(AT1 R)A1166C基因多态性以及其相互作用对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者预后的影响.方法:用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法鉴定432例左室收缩功能障碍性心力衰竭左室射血分数[(LVEF)<0.45]患者的ACE、AT1 R基因型,分析ACE、AT1 R基因多态性以及其协同作用对心力衰竭患者生存率的影响.结果:ACE I/D基因型分布频率:纯合子DD基因型31.1%,纯合子II基因型18.6%,杂合子ID基因型50.3%.ACE DD型基因与较高NYHA心功能分级密切相关(P<0.05).AT1R基因型分布频率:纯合子CC基因型8.6%, 纯合子AA基因型50.0%, 杂合子AC基因型41.4%.AT1R 1166 C等位基因与较低NYHA心功能分级相关(P<0.05).ACE D等位基因的生存率比Ⅰ等位基因明显降低(P<0.05),而AT1 R A1166C 3种基因型的生存率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).分析ACE I/D与AT1R 1166 A/C基因多态性的协同作用对患者生存率的影响,无论在AT1 R AA型纯合子组还是在AT1R C等位基因组(AC和CC型),ACE II/ID/DD 3种基因型的生存率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:ACE DD基因型的心力衰竭患者其生存率明显降低,可作为心力衰竭患者预后的预测因素.AT1R 1166位点A/C等位基因多态性与CHF预后无关,且ACE I/D和AT1R 1166 A/C基因多态性的协同作用对CHF患者预后的无影响.     

ACE基因、AT1R基因多态性与2型糖尿病肾病的关系

目的研究血管紧张素I转化酶(ACE)基因/D多态及血管紧张素受体1型(AT1R)A1166C多态性与中国汉族人2型糖尿病肾病(DN)的关系。方法运用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和PCR/DdeI酶切技术,检测93例DN患者(DN组)与94例2型糖尿病患者(DM组)ACE基因及AT1R基因多态基因型。结果DN组ACE基因DD基因型频率(34.4%)、D型等位基因频率(54.3%)较DM组(19.1%,40.4%)均升高(P<0.05,<0.01);两组间AT1R基因A1166C多态基因型频率和等位基因频率分布均无差异(P>0.05);ACE和AT1R基因多态与DN的分层分析显示,同时携带ACE纯合子缺失基因型(DD)和AT1R突变基因型(AC+CC)者发生DN的危险较大,OR值为8.569。结论ACE基因/D多态性与2型DM并发DN有关,携带DD基因型和D型等位基因的2型DM患者是DN的易感人群。ATlR基因A1166C多态性虽与我国汉族人2型DM并发DN无关,但AT1R与ACE基因多态存在协同效应,携带AC+CC与DD基因型的个体有更高的患DN风险。     

血管紧张素转换酶基因型与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效的相关性研究

目的　探讨高血压病患者血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)基因不同基因型与氢氯噻嗪降压疗效的关系。方法　 5 18例高血压病患者同时服用氢氯噻嗪 12 5mg ,每日 1次 ,共 6周。资料完整的 5 0 4例患者按II、ID、DD三种基因型分组 ,比较不同基因型间的降压疗效。结果　II、ID、DD基因型患者收缩压下降值分别为 5 7mmHg(1mmHg =0 133kPa)、5 1mmHg、10 4mmHg ,DD基因型患者收缩压下降值大II、ID两型患者 ,差异具有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;三组间舒张压下降值、平均动脉压下降值差异无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;多元线性回归结果表明DD基因型、治疗前醛固酮水平、血钠水平是影响收缩压下降值的主要因素。结论　不同ACE基因型患者对氢氯噻嗪的反应存在差异 ,DD基因型患者收缩压下降最明显。     

血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体和血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与伊贝沙坦降压疗效的关系

目的探讨与血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1R)拮抗剂伊贝沙坦降压疗效相关的基因多态性位点。方法152例轻、中度高血压病患者服用伊贝沙坦治疗8周,观察降压疗效,同时采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性对患者血管紧张素-醛固酮系统基因多态性位点AT1R T573C、血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)I/D基因型进行分析。结果携带AT1R 573T等位基因的患者服用伊贝沙坦后,收缩压及脉压降幅明显大于CC基因型患者;在男性患者,基因型为ACE DD的患者舒张压降幅明显大于II型患者;同时携带AT1R 573T和ACE D等位基因的男性患者降压疗效最佳。结论携带AT1R 573T和ACE D等位基因的高血压病患者对伊贝沙坦的降压反应最佳。     

氢氯噻嗪对不同血管紧张素转化酶基因型高血压患者血浆血管紧张素转化酶血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度的影响

目的研究氢氯噻嗪(HCTZ)对不同血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)基因型的原发性高血压患者血浆ACE浓度和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)浓度的影响。方法829例原发性高血压患者同时服用HCTZ12.5mg,qd。6周后资料完整的785例患者按II、ID、DD3种基因型分组,观测不同基因型间血浆ACE浓度、AngⅡ浓度的变化。结果服用HCTZ6周后II、ID、DD型患者血浆ACE浓度较服药前稍增高,但差异无统计学意义;血浆AngⅡ浓度分别升高到(85.56±64.68)、(81.97±57.99)和(80.84±67.96)ng/L,与服药前比较均差异有统计学意义。3组不同基因型患者血浆AngⅡ服药前后组间差异无统计学意义。结论服HCTZ后,3组基因型患者血浆AngⅡ浓度均升高,血浆ACE浓度不是影响血浆AngⅡ浓度的主要因素。     

2型糖尿病肾病中ACE基因型和ACEI疗效关系的研究

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)治疗三种血管紧张素酶(ACE)基因型的2型糖尿病肾病的疗效有无差异,判断ACE基因插入/缺失(I/D)多态性对ACEI治疗2型糖尿病肾病的疗效有无预测作用.方法 68例2型糖尿病临床肾病患者,用胰岛素控制血糖,福辛普利20 mg/d治疗8周;用药前所有受试者以PCR方法检测ACE基因I/D多态性,并据其分为三组,ACE基因II型33例、ID型21例、DD型14例,于治疗前后分别测定血清ACE活性、尿白蛋白排泄率(UAE)、血清肌酐(SCr)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、体重指数(BMI)和平均动脉压(MAP).结果治疗前三组年龄、BMI、MAP、HbAlc、Scr、UAE差异均无显著性(P＞0.05),血清ACE活性在DD型组最高、ID组次之、II型组最低(P＜0.05);福辛普利治疗8周后,三组受试者BMI、Scr无明显变化,MAP、HbAlc均有下降,但三组间变化差异无显著性(P＞0.05);UAE、血清ACE活性下降的百分率在DD型组最高、ID型组次之、II型组最低,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);多因素相关分析UAE降低与MAP、HbAlc下降无相关,与血清ACE活性的下降相关(r=0.299,P＜0.05).结论 ACEI治疗2型糖尿病肾病疗效,在ACE基因DD型最好、ID型次之、II型最差,可能与其血清ACE活性的变化相关;检测ACE基因I/D多态性有助于预测ACEI治疗2型糖尿病肾病的疗效.     

妊娠时间与肺结核复发的相关性研究及诊治对策

目的 分析肺结核史患者妊娠时间和肺结核复发间相关性.方法 选取我院收治的有肺结核史的妊娠妇女576例作为研究对象,对其妊娠前肺结核治疗、治愈后妊娠时间、妊娠后复发肺结核等进行分析,总结有肺结核史育龄女性的妊娠时间和肺结核复发之间的关系.结果 肺结核治愈后不同时间段妊娠者的结核复发率比较,差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）,停药后间隔时间越久妊娠,肺结核复发的几率越小.结论 加强孕期痰菌检查,及早发现复发肺结核,提高母婴安全.     

我国骨关节结核诊治的回顾与展望

骨关节结核是危害人们健康的严重感染性疾病,近95％由他处结核病继发而来.罹患骨关节结核疾病后几乎均将致残,严重影响人们的健康、工作和生活.建国以来在党和国家的关心和支持下,骨关节结核的诊治水平取得了长足进步.时至今日,由于多种原因,学科发展和被重视程度受到一定的制约,同整个医疗行业的发展不相适应.回顾过去,展望未来,我们需要重新审视骨关节结核的诊治方法,努力推进骨关节结核诊疗技术的科学发展.     

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fos and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44~(MAPK) and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between P42/44~(MAPK) and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Raf/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44~(MAPK), c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

Overweight and Obesity and Progression of ADPKD

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Replication and Inhibitors of Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses

The Enterovirus (EV) and Parechovirus genera of the picornavirus family include many important human pathogens, including poliovirus, rhinovirus, EV-A71, EV-D68, and human parechoviruses (HPeV). They cause a wide variety of diseases, ranging from a simple common cold to life-threatening diseases such as encephalitis and myocarditis. At the moment, no antiviral therapy is available against these viruses and it is not feasible to develop vaccines against all EVs and HPeVs due to the great number of serotypes. Therefore, a lot of effort is being invested in the development of antiviral drugs. Both viral proteins and host proteins essential for virus replication can be used as targets for virus inhibitors. As such, a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication is pivotal in the design of antiviral strategies goes hand in hand with a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication. In this review, we will give an overview of the current state of knowledge of EV and HPeV replication and how this can be inhibited by small-molecule inhibitors.     

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fas and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44MAPK and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between p42/44MAPK and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Rat/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44MAPK, c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

心电图、心电向量图与冠状动脉造影结果对比分析

目的:通过分析心电图(Electrocardiogram,ECG)和心电向量图(Vectorcardiogram,VCG)的改变与冠脉造影（CAG）结果进行对比,探讨ECG、VCG在冠状动脉病变中的诊断价值。方法: 选择2008年1月~2009年12月临床拟诊断为冠心病患者108例,行常规ECG、VCG检查,并于1周内进行CAG,对检查结果依据各自的诊断标准进行判定,以CAG为标准诊断法,利用四格表法,计算相关评价真实性的指标并进行比较。结果: ①VCG检测的灵敏度、特异度、准确度显著高于ECG(P<0.05,P<0．01)。②ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变支数组间比较:在单支病变、双支病变中,VCG阳性率明显高于ECG(P<0.05),左主干或三支病变无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变、双支病变阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01);VCG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变阳性率高(P<0.05);与双支病变阳性率比较无统计学意义;③ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变程度组间比较:冠脉病变狭窄50%～69%的VCG阳性率明显高于ECG (P<0.05),其他两组阳性率比较无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组冠脉病变狭窄≥90%较50%～69%、70%～89%的阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01); VCG组狭窄≥90%较50%～69%阳性率高（P<0.01),其他无统计学意义。结论: VCG对冠心病检测价值显著高于ECG。     

Detection and characterization of the product of hydroethidine and intracellular superoxide by HPLC and limitations of fluorescence

Here we report the structural characterization of the product formed from the reaction between hydroethidine (HE) and superoxide (O(2)(.-)). By using mass spectral and NMR techniques, the chemical structure of this product was determined as 2-hydroxyethidium (2-OH-E(+)). By using an authentic standard, we developed an HPLC approach to detect and quantitate the reaction product of HE and O(2)(.-) formed in bovine aortic endothelial cells after treatment with menadione or antimycin A to induce intracellular reactive oxygen species. Concomitantly, we used a spin trap, 5-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (BMPO), to detect and identify the structure of reactive oxygen species formed. BMPO trapped the O(2)(.-) that formed extracellularly and was detected as the BMPO-OH adduct during use of the EPR technique. BMPO, being cell-permeable, inhibited the intracellular formation of 2-OH-E(+). However, the intracellular BMPO spin adduct was not detected. The definitive characterization of the reaction product of O(2)(.-) with HE described here forms the basis of an unambiguous assay for intracellular detection and quantitation of O(2)(.-). Analysis of the fluorescence characteristics of ethidium (E(+)) and 2-OH-E(+) strongly suggests that the currently available fluorescence methodology is not suitable for quantitating intracellular O(2)(.-). We conclude that the HPLC/fluorescence assay using HE as a probe is more suitable [corrected] for detecting intracellular O(2)(.-).     

Effects of sex and time of day on metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice

Non-invasive techniques to monitor stress hormones in small animals like mice offer several advantages and are highly demanded in laboratory as well as in field research. Since knowledge about the species-specific metabolism and excretion of glucocorticoids is essential to develop such a technique, we conducted radiometabolism studies in mice (Mus musculus f. domesticus, strain C57BL/6J). Each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 740 kBq of 3H-labelled corticosterone and all voided urine and fecal samples were collected for five days. In a first experiment 16 animals (eight of each sex) received the injection at 9 a.m., while eight mice (four of each sex) were injected at 9 p.m. in a second experiment. In both experiments radioactive metabolites were recovered predominantly in the feces, although males excreted significantly higher proportions via the feces (about 73%) than females (about 53%). Peak radioactivity in the urine was detected within about 2h after injection, while in the feces peak concentrations were observed later (depending on the time of injection: about 10h postinjection in experiment 1 and about 4h postinjection in experiment 2, thus proving an effect of the time of day). The number and relative abundance of fecal [3H]corticosterone metabolites was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC separations revealed that corticosterone was extensively metabolized mainly to more polar substances. Regarding the types of metabolites formed, significant differences were found between males and females, but not between the experiments. Additionally, the immunoreactivity of these metabolites was assessed by screening the HPLC fractions with four enzyme immunoassays (EIA). However, only a newly established EIA for 5alpha-pregnane-3beta,11beta,21-triol-20-one (measuring corticosterone metabolites with a 5alpha-3beta,11beta-diol structure) detected several peaks of radioactive metabolites with high intensity in both sexes, while the other EIAs showed only minor immunoreactivity. Thus, our study for the first time provides substantial information about metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice and is the first demonstrating a significant impact of the animals' sex and the time of day. Based on these data it should be possible to monitor adrenocortical activity non-invasively in this species by measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites with the newly developed EIA. Since mice are extensively used in research world-wide, this could open new perspectives in various fields from ecology to behavioral endocrinology.     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养和外源基因的导入

目的探讨绿色荧光蛋白基因转染骨髓间质干细胞的可行性。方法采用F icoll-PaqueTMP lus淋巴细胞分离液,根据细胞密度梯度原理,分离大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(rM SC s)并进行体外原代培养和传代扩增,倒置相差显微镜观察细胞生长情况,免疫细胞化学法对其初步鉴定。流式细胞仪分析转染效率。结果原代和传代培养的细胞呈现梭形外观,具有较强的生长增殖能力;细胞均一表达CD44、CD54、CD106、CD29抗原。电穿孔法转染rM SC s转染率为32.8%±3%。结论采用比重为1.077 g/L的F icoll-PaqueTMP lus能分离获得大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,经原代培养和传代培养能够迅速扩增。电穿孔法具有较高的介导外源基因表达于rM SC s的效率。