CD44基因多态性与乳腺癌对蒽环类药物化疗敏感性的关系

目的：研究CD44基因rs4756195位点不同基因型乳腺癌患者对蒽环类药物化疗敏感性的差异,阐明CD44基因多态性与乳腺癌对蒽环类药物化疗敏感性的关系。方法：利用SequenomMassArray iPLEX GOLD 系统检测120例接受以蒽环类药物为基础的新辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者CD44基因rs4756195位点多态性,2~3个治疗周期后,以非条件Logistic回归模型比较携带不同基因型的乳腺癌患者之间化疗总有效率和病理完全缓解率的差异。结果：携带GG基因型与携带AA和AG基因型的乳腺癌患者术前新辅助化疗总有效率差异无统计学意义（73.6% vs 69.0%,χ²=0.240,P=0.625）;携带AA和AG基因型的乳腺癌患者的病理完全缓解率明显高于携带GG基因型的乳腺癌患者（55.2% vs 16.5%,χ²=17.181,P=0.000;OR=13.935,95%CI=4.359～44.541,P=0.000）。结论：CD44基因rs4756195位点多态性与乳腺癌对蒽环类药物的化疗敏感性有关联,携带AA和AG基因型的乳腺癌患者有较高的病理完全缓解,提示CD44基因rs4756195位点多态性可能成为预测乳腺癌化疗疗效的指标之一。     

SOD2和GSTP1基因多态与宫颈癌易感性的关系

目的：探讨超氧化物歧化酶2（superoxide dismutase 2,SOD2）rs4880和谷胱甘肽S转移酶P1（glutathione S?transferase Pi,GSTP1）rs1695基因位点单核苷酸多态性与宫颈癌发生的关系。方法：选择经组织学确诊的汉族395例新发宫颈癌患者作为病例组,与病例组人群不存在生物学相关的465例正常人群作为对照组,利用Taqman实时荧光定量PCR技术检测基因型,Logistic回归模型计算基因型与人群罹患宫颈癌的风险比（odds ratio,OR）及其95％可信区间（95％CI）。结果：与SOD2 rs4880 TT基因型比较,携带rs4880 TC基因型、CC基因型和TC/CC基因型的个体发生宫颈癌的风险分别升高15.1%、96.6%和18.7%,但差异无统计学意义（OR=1.15,95%CI：0.84~1.57,P=0.378;OR=1.97,95%CI：0.64~6.09,P=0.231;OR=1.19,95%CI：0.87~1.61,P=0.271）;与GSTP1 rs1695 AA基因型相比,携带rs1695 AG、GG及AG/GG基因型的个体罹患宫颈癌的风险无明显变化（P > 0.05）,该位点多态性与宫颈癌关系的Meta分析也提示rs1695遗传变异与宫颈癌的发生无明显相关性。结论：SOD2 rs4880和GSTP1 rs1695基因多态性可能与宫颈癌发生无关。     

CD44基因多态性与乳腺癌遗传易感性及临床病理参数的关系

【摘要】 目的 探讨CD44基因rs4756195位点多态性与中国重庆地区汉族女性乳腺癌遗传易感性的关系。方法 采用病例对照研究,利用Sequenom MassArray iPLEX GOLD系统检测170例乳腺癌患者和178例健康对照者CD44基因rs4756195位点单核苷酸多态性,并对检测结果进行t检验、χ2检验和非条件logistic回归分析。结果 CD44基因rs4756195位点AA、AG和GG三种基因型在乳腺癌组和对照组的分布频率差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.272,P=0.043）;与携带AA基因型的个体比较,携带AG、GG基因型的个体乳腺癌的发病风险明显增加（OR=6.035,95%CI:1.262～28.856,P=0.024;OR=5.367,95%CI:1.166～24.709,P=0.031）。携带GG基因型的乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移率高于携带AA和AG基因型的乳腺癌,差异有统计学意义（62.6% vs. 44.7%, χ2=4.473,P=0.034）;携带AA和AG基因型的乳腺癌CD44阳性率高于携带GG基因型的乳腺癌（68.1 % vs. 45.5%,χ2=6.930,P=0.008）。结论 CD44基因rs4756195位点多态性与中国重庆地区汉族女性乳腺癌的发病风险相关,AG和GG基因型是中国重庆地区汉族女性乳腺癌的易感基因型。CD44基因rs4756195位点多态性与乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移、CD44表达相关,提示携带GG基因型的乳腺癌可能预后不良。     

乳腺癌分子分型与GSTM1、GSTT1和GSTP1（rs1695）基因多态性的关系及意义

目的 探讨乳腺癌患者谷胱甘肽转硫酶M1 （GSTM1）、谷胱甘肽转硫酶T1（GSTT1）和谷胱甘肽转硫酶P1（GSTP1 rs1695）的基因多态性分布,并分析其与乳腺癌分子分型的关系.方法 应用多重PCR技术（M-PCR）和高分辨融解曲线技术（HRM）分析252例女性乳腺癌患者外周血中GSTM1、GSTT1和GSTP1 （rs 1 695）的基因多态性.结果 252例乳腺癌患者中,108例（42.9％）为GSTM1（＋）,144例（57.1％）为GSTM1（-）;178例（70.6％）为GSTT1（＋）,74例（29.4％）为GSTT1（-）;143例（56.7％）为GSTP1（rs1695） AA基因型,102例（40.5％）为GSTP1（rs1695） AG基因型,7例（2.8％）为GSTP1（rs1695） GG基因型.经Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡检验,证实本研究入组病例GSTP1（rs1695）基因具有群体代表性（P＞0.05）;8例Cerb-B-2（2＋）和（2＋→3＋）者未行FJSH检测予以剔除,其中Luminal型占63.1％ （154/244）,三阴型占22.1％ （54/244）,Her-2过表达型占14.8％ （36/244）;GSTT1（-）在不同分子分型的乳腺癌人群中的分布不同,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而GSTM1和GSTP1（rs1695）基因多态性在各分子分型的乳腺癌人群中的分布差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 GSTT1基因多态性与乳腺癌的分子分型有关,GSTT1（-）在三阴型乳腺癌中缺失率较低,其基因多态性可为分子分型下乳腺癌的异质性提供合理补充.     

维吾尔族和汉族女性散发性乳腺癌BRCA1及BRCA2基因单核苷酸多态性研究

目的研究新疆汉族及维吾尔族女性散发性乳腺癌患者BRCA1及BRCA2基因单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms,SNP）的差异。方法收集新疆医科大学第一附属医院手术切除并经病理确诊为乳腺癌100例患者的活检样本,维吾尔族和汉族患者各50例。BRCA1基因引物设计参考NM₀07300.3和NC₀00017.11,BRCA2基因引物设计参考NM₀00059.3和NC₀00013.11,合成引物后对BRCA1及BRCA2基因SNP位点进行测序,采用SPSS17.0统计软件对数据进行卡方检验。结果在BRCA1-Exon10上有2个单核苷酸多态性位点（rs16941及rs16942）。BRCA1-Exon2内含子上有1个突变位点（Introns1-1125）。BRCA2基因未检测到基因多态性。BRCA1基因,rs16941位点的AA、AG、GG 3个基因型在汉族和维吾尔族患者中的分布频率差异有统计学意义（P=0.009）。rs16942位点的AA、AG、GG 3个基因型在汉族和维吾尔族患者中的分布频率差异有统计学意义（P=0.017）。rs16941位点,相对于AA基因型,AG、GG基因型能增加维吾尔族乳腺癌患者的易感性[OR值（95%CI）分别为2.498（1.033⁵.994）及6.519（1.606²6.464）]。rs16942位点,相对于AA基因型,AG、GG基因型能增加维吾尔族乳腺癌患者的易感性[OR值（95%CI）分别为2.368（0.995⁵.637）及5.741（1.395²3.630）]。结论 BRCA1基因,rs16941及rs16942位点的AA、AG、GG 3个基因型的分布频率在汉族和维吾尔族患者中存在差异。rs16941及rs16942位点,相对于AA基因型,AG、GG基因型能增加维吾尔族乳腺癌患者的易感性。     

青海地区汉、藏族PLCE1rs2274223基因多态性与胃癌相关性

目的 通过检测PLCE1 rs2274223基因在青海汉、藏族胃癌患者与健康对照者中的分布,初步探讨其多态性与汉、藏族胃癌的相关性.方法 提取青海汉、藏族胃癌患者与健康人群的外周血DNA,采用dHPLC法行PLCE1 rs2274223基因位点分型.并行相关分析.结果 汉族胃癌组PLCE1基因单核苷酸多态性位点rs2274223的基因型（AA,AG,GG）频率分别为53.33%、42.50%、4.17%,对照组为56.67%、38.33%、5.00%,两组间各基因型分布差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.藏族胃癌组PLCE1 rs2274223基因的基因型（AA,AG,GG）频率分别为50.00%、40.83%、9.17%,对照组为60.83%、36.67%、2.50%,两组间AA、AG基因型分布差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,两组间GG基因型分布差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,与AA、AG型比较,携带GG基因型者胃癌发生的危险性增加（OR=3.936,95%CI=1.069-14.485）.两民族间PLCE1 rs2274223的3种基因型（AA,AG,GG）频率差异无显著性（P＞0.05）.结论 本研究显示,两民族间PLCE1基因rs2274223的基因型（AA,AG,GG）分布频率不存在差异.PLCE1基因 rs2274223位点单核苷酸多态性与青海地区汉族人群胃癌易感性不存在相关性.携带GG基因型的青海地区藏族人群胃癌发病风险较高.     

肺结核标准治疗患者GSTs基因多态性与抗结核药物诱导肝损伤的相关性分析

目的 研究肺结核患者的GSTs(rs1045642)基因多态性与结核标准治疗方案治疗后抗结核药物诱导肝损伤(AT-DILI)之间的相关性.方法 采用前瞻性研究方法,纳入2019年1月至2020年12月在成都中医药大学附属医院、四川省人民医院诊断为肺结核的住院治疗患者94例为研究对象.应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)-芯片杂交技术测定GSTs基因GSTM1、GSTT1、GSTP1的基因型.依据是否发生肝损伤,分为试验组(肝损伤组)27例和对照组(未发生肝损伤组)67例,收集两组患者基本资料并进行统计学处理分析,GSTM1、GSTT1、GSTM1&GSTT1、GSTP1基因多态性与AT-DILI的相关性.结果 GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态性在试验组和对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).GSTP1的AA型、AG型、GG型基因多态性在试验组和对照组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),AA型与AG+GG型在试验组和对照组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 GSTP1(rs1695)基因多态性是AT-DILI的危险因素.     

GPIHBP1基因rs142861814位点多态性与高甘油三酯血症的相关性

目的 了解汉族人群GPIHBP1基因rs142861814位点遗传多态性与高甘油三酯血症的关系.方法 采用SNaPshot技术分析100例HTG患者和115例正常对照rs142861814位点遗传多态性.结果 HTG患者和正常对照C.397A＞G (p.T108A,rs142861814)位点多态以AA基因型为主,不同基因型携带者之间的甘油三酯均值存在差异,GG基因型为(2.057±0.964 7)mmol/L,AG基因型为(3.408±1.673) mmol/L,AA基因型为(1.928±1.274) mmol/L,最高为AG基因型,2组间AG基因型个体的甘油三酯水平在男女性别差异上有统计学意义(P=0.001 951),其中,女性不同基因型个体间的甘油三酯水平差异有统计学意义(P=0.009 424).结论 rs142861814位点AG基因型与高甘油三脂血症相关,且携带AG基因型的女性患高甘油三酯血症风险更高.     

TGFβ-SMAD通路基因多态性与鼻咽癌预后相关性研究

目的:探讨TGFβ-SMAD信号通路中关键基因的SNP位点基因型与鼻咽癌患者预后间的关联性。方法:以296例鼻咽癌患者为研究对象,通过采用Sequenom Mass ARRAY法对样本进行SNP的基因分型并分析TGF-β信号通路中主要基因的12个SNP位点基因型与鼻咽癌患者预后的关联性。结果:296例受试者进行随访发现,其3年无远处转移生存率以及总生存率分别为84.80%(251例)、91.55%(271例)。3年无远处转移生存率单因素分析结果显示,TGF-β1基因rs1800469、rs1800470位点CC基因型携带者低于、高于CT/TT基因型携带者(P<0.05);SMAD4基因rs12958604位点AA基因型携带者高于AG/GG基因型携带者(P<0.05)。3年无远处转移风险多因素分析结果显示,TGF-β1基因rs1800469、rs1800470位点TC/TT基因型携带者约为CC基因型携带者的0.541、2.322倍;SMAD4基因rs12958604位点AG/GG基因型携带者约为AA基因型携带者的2.357倍(P<0.05)。另外TGF-β1基因rs1800469位点CT/TT基因型携带者3年总生存率高于CC基因型携带者(P<0.05),但3年死亡风险约为CC基因型携带者的0.455倍(P<0.05)。同时携带三种、两种"不利"基因型的鼻咽癌患者3年远处转移风险分别为不携带"不利"基因型患者的5.937倍、2.469倍。结论:鼻咽癌患者中,TGF-β1基因rs1800469位点CC基因型、rs1800470位点TT基因型以及SMAD4基因rs12598604位点AG/GG型携带者3年远处转移风险高,TGF-β1基因rs1800469位点CC基因型携带者3年总生存率低。     

ALDH2和ADH1B基因多态性与食管癌淋巴结转移的相关性

目的： 研究中国汉族人群中乙醛脱氢酶2（aldehyde dehydrogenase 2,ALDH2）和乙醇脱氢酶1B（alcohol dehydrogenase 1B,ADH1B）基因多态性与食管癌淋巴结转移风险性的关系。方法： 采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(matrix assisted laser desorption/ ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, MALDI TOF MS)技术分析85例有淋巴结转移的食管癌和270例无淋巴结转移的食管癌标本ALDH2 rs671和ADH1B rs1229984基因多态性,计算各种基因型与食管癌淋巴结转移的相对风险度及其95%可信区间。结果： ALDH2 rs671 G>A3种多态基因型GG,GA,AA在食管癌淋巴结转移组和无淋巴结转移组的频率分别为58.8%(GG),38.8%(GA),2.4%(AA)和59.3%(GG),37.4%(GA),3.3%(AA)(χ2 =0.237, P=0.888);以ALDH2 rs671 GG基因型作参照,ALDH2 rs671 AA基因型食管癌淋巴结转移发生的风险降低（调整年龄、性别、吸烟及饮酒状态OR=0.70, 95% CI=0.14 ~3.45）, 但相关性未达到明显统计学意义。ADH1B rs1229984 A>G3种多态基因型AA, AG, GG在食管癌淋巴结转移组和无淋巴结转移组的频率分别为38.8%(AA), 50.6%(AG), 10.6%(GG)和42.8%(AA), 41.6%(AG), 15.6%(GG)(χ2=2.553, P=0.279),以ADH1B rs1229984 AA基因型作参照,ADH1B rs1229984 GG基因型食管癌淋巴结转移发生的风险降低（调整年龄、性别、吸烟及饮酒状态OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.29 ~1.53), 但相关性未达到明显统计学意义。结论： ALDH2 rs671 G>A和ADH1B rs1229984 A>G基因多态性可能与食管癌淋巴结转移的风险无明显相关,需进一步研究证实。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.