氢质子磁共振波谱在癫痫研究中的现状

氢质子磁共振波谱在癫痫研究中的现状叶静张文波史沛氢质子磁共振波谱（１Ｈ－ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｓｃｏｐｙ，１ＨＭＲＳ）可以在活体无创、连续地测定局部脑区在神经生物学上起重要作用的几种代谢物质的浓度，其中与癫痫病灶生化改变密切...     

脑膜瘤的氢质子磁共振波谱

脑膜瘤是颅内常见的脑外肿瘤，氢质子磁共振波谱是一种无损伤性研究脑膜瘤内化合物代谢变化的方法，可鉴别脑膜瘤的良、恶性，在确定肿瘤边界、分析肿瘤的侵犯程度方面比常规的MRI准确，可于MRI出现异常前发现脑膜瘤的复发，为提高诊断水平、监测手术后治疗效果提供依据。     

氢质子磁共振波谱在脑肿瘤研究中现状

磁共振波谱是一种新兴的无创性在体观察组织代谢的方法，＾１ＨＭＲＳ及相关的＾１ＨＭＲＳＩ及＾１ＨＭＲＤＳ技术具有无创性、连续性、准确性的特点。本文重点综述了＾１ＨＭＲＳ在脑肿瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断；手术及放疗效果的观察及预后、生物因子及栓塞治疗后疗效的评价，以及术前评估并制定治疗方案等方面的应用价值。     

磁共振成像定量非酒精性脂肪性肝病可逆性病变的研究

【摘要】非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）可由单纯性脂肪肝进展为肝硬化甚至肝癌。诊断其早期可逆性病变,对疾病预后至关重要。目前磁共振影像技术在诊断脂肪肝和肝纤维化方面表现出巨大潜力,本文就磁共振成像技术对单纯性脂肪肝及肝纤维化的定量诊断做一综述。     

氢质子磁共振波谱在小儿颞叶癫痫研究中的应用

目的 结合MRI和脑电图（EEG）所见，评价氢质子磁共振波谱（^1H MRS)在小儿颞叶癫痫诊断中的价值。方法 对10例颞叶癫痫患儿和8例健康自愿儿用2．0T场强MR扫描系统进行MRI及^1H MRS采集。测定N－乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）、胆碱（Cho)、肌酸（Cr)、乳酸（Lac)、肌醇（MI）、谷氨酸及谷氨酰胺（Glu/Gln)等代谢产物。结果 以NAA／（Cr Cho)值为标准，海马硬化侧组及脑电图异常侧组与对照组间比较，差异有显著性意义（平均差异分别为0．7663、0．6190，P＜0．05）。结论 ^1H MRS在小儿颞叶癫痫灶诊断的敏感性高于MRI，且有助于脑电图定位诊断。     

氢质子磁共振波谱在脑膜瘤诊断中的应用

摘要：磁共振波谱作为无创伤性检测人体生化代谢的惟一手段，自20世纪80年代末期应用于临床以来，在研究脑发育、脑肿瘤等方面提供了许多有价值的信息。磁共振波谱形成的原理是化学位移和J-藕联。氢质子波谱目前应用较广。目前已基本明确NAA、Cho、Cr等主要波谱峰的生理意义，同时确定了半定量标准。波谱在脑膜瘤中的应用主要在以下几个方面：①脑膜瘤的波谱一般表现为NAA、Cr PCr的明显降低，而Cho明显升高，在1．3—1．44ppm处可见特征性的Ala峰，在肿瘤周边可以测得Lac峰，提示局部缺血改变。②通过与MIB-1染色指数对照，可以初步确定Cho峰在鉴别良、恶性脑膜瘤中有帮助，并在复发脑膜瘤中明显升高；mI在鉴别血管外皮瘤和脑膜瘤中有意义。③Lip可以帮助脑膜瘤与硬膜转移瘤的鉴别，而特征性的Ala主要用于与其他颅内肿瘤的鉴别中。④在脑膜瘤栓塞前后的波谱检查可以显示血管的闭塞和脂肪变性，并可提示血管再通。⑤多体素波谱临床应用可以弥补单体素波谱的部分不足，细致分析脑膜瘤生化代谢的空间分布，可能对于恶性脑膜瘤边界的确定有意义。     

脑膜瘤的氢质子磁共振波谱

脑膜瘤是颅内常见的脑外肿瘤,氢质子磁共振波谱是一种无损伤性研究脑膜瘤内化合物代谢变化的方法,可鉴别脑膜瘤的良、恶性,在确定肿瘤边界、分析肿瘤的侵犯程度方面比常规的MRI准确,可于MRI出现异常前发现脑膜瘤的复发,为提高诊断水平、监测手术后治疗效果提供依据.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病治疗研究进展

<正>非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)指在没有大量饮酒(大量饮酒标准为每日饮酒男性≥30 g, 女性≥20 g)的个体中,5%以上肝细胞出现脂肪变性,并排除造成肝脂肪变性的继发性原因的疾病^[1-2]。全球NAFLD患病率约为25%^[3],并呈持续上升趋势。据报道,预计到2030年我国NAFLD患者总数将增至3.145 8亿例^[4],给社会带来巨大的医疗负担。     

阿尔茨海默病的高场氢质子磁共振波谱研究

目的:探讨阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)双侧海马的高场氢质子磁共振波谱(proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-MRS)的特点.方法:对AD组14例及正常对照组(normal control,NC)10例受试者行T_1WI-3D薄层扫描并进行海马三平面MPR重建,在所得MPR图像上定位双侧海马.采用MRS测定双侧海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(N-acetyl aspartate,NAA)、胆碱(choline,Cho)、肌醇(myo-lnositol,mI)和谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺复合物(Glx)与肌酸(ereatine,Cr)的比值.采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析,观察AD组与NC组双侧海马各代谢物比值的差异.结果:AD组双侧海马的NAA/Cr、Glx/Cr比值较NC组降低,其差异具有统计学意义,AD组右侧海马ml/Cr比值较NC组升高具有统计学意义(P<0.05),左侧海马mI/Cr比值有升高趋势.但未达到统计学意义水平,AD组双侧海马Cho/Cr比值与NC组的差异无统计学意义.结论:双侧海马的高场MRS能够检测到AD特征性的代谢物改变.T_1WI-3D扫描行海马三平面MPR重建有助于海马MRS的准确定位,提高图像质量及可信度.     

超重/肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪性肝病的磁共振成像质子密度脂肪分数分布特点

目的：探讨超重/肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的磁共振成像质子密度脂肪分数(magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction,MRI-PDFF)分布特点,为未来NAFLD患儿肝脏脂肪含量评估标准方案的制订提供参考依据。方法：入组2022年8月—2023年3月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院行上腹部3.0 T MRI m-Dixon-quant序列扫描的超重/肥胖儿童受试者69例。收集入组受试者基本信息及实验室检查结果。根据全肝加权平均MRI-PDFF(weighted mean of MRI-PDFF,MRI-PDFF_wm)将受试者分为正常肝脏(Grade 0级)、轻度脂肪肝(Grade 1级)、中度脂肪肝(Grade 2级)及重度脂肪肝(Grade 3级)。分析肝段间MRI-PDFF的变异度及其与脂肪肝分级的关系。探讨肝脏各段MRI-PDFF(MRI-PDFF_Ⅰ-Ⅷ)及其与MRI-PDFF_wm<...     

1H-MRS和CT在非酒精性脂肪肝诊疗中的应用研究

目的:应用磁共振质子波谱成像(1H-MRS)技术和CT定量诊断非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)及评价药物疗效.方法:依中华医学会NAFLD诊断标准入选NAFLD患者22例,并与20例健康组对照.两组均行肝脏1H MRS扫描和CT平扫,计算肝内脂质含量(IHCL)和CT肝/脾比值.NAFLD组患者服用肝脂消胶囊8周,检测治疗前后IHCL和CT肝/脾比值的变化.结果:NAFLD组IHCL较正常组明显升高,CT肝/脾比值较正常组明显下降.经治疗后IHCL明显下降,CT肝/脾比值明显升高.结论:肝脏1H-MRS扫描可对肝脏内脂质含量进行准确定量,优于CT平扫.     

磁共振弹性成像评估非酒精性脂肪性肝病肝纤维化程度

目的探索磁共振弹性成像(MRE)评估非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)肝纤维化程度的诊断效能.资料与方法回顾性纳入2016年11月—2020年11月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院72例接受MRE扫描的NAFLD患者.通过MRE弹力图测量肝脏弹力值,肝脏活检确定肝纤维化分期(F0为无纤维化组,F≥1为轻度纤维化组,F≥2为显...     

3台不同厂家3.0T MR设备测量非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者肝脏质子密度脂肪分数的一致性

目的评估在3台不同厂家3.0T MR设备上测量非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)患者的肝脏质子密度脂肪分数(PDFF)的一致性.资料与方法前瞻性收集2018年9月—2019年7月于首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院经病理诊断为NAFLD患者30例,均于同一天先后在3台不同厂家3.0T MR设备(Philips Ingenia,...     

磁共振氢质子波谱对脑肿瘤瘤周水肿的临床应用研究

目的:探讨氢质子磁共振波谱在脑肿瘤瘤周水肿评价中的临床应用价值。材料和方法:对55例脑肿瘤及炎性病变行常规MRI扫描和1H-MRS检查,将距肿瘤强化外缘1cm以内区域划为近侧瘤周水肿区,1cm以外者为远侧瘤周水肿区。分析病变实质、周围水肿以及正常脑组织各代谢物比值,即Cho/NAA、Cho/Cr、Cho/nCho。结果:高级别胶质瘤瘤周水肿可见Cho升高、NAA正常或降低,其近侧瘤周水肿Cho/NAA值高于低级别胶质瘤、脑膜瘤、转移瘤和炎性病变(P<0.01),其近侧瘤周水肿Cho/NAA也高于远侧瘤周水肿(P<0.01)。高级别胶质瘤近、远侧瘤周水肿Cho/Cr值均高于低级别胶质瘤、脑膜瘤和炎性病变(P<0.05);同时其近侧瘤周水肿的Cho/Cr值也高于远侧(P<0.01)。结论:1H-MRS可显示胶质瘤瘤周浸润,其近侧瘤周水肿区Cho/NAA、Cho/Cr有助于高级别胶质瘤与其他肿瘤鉴别,也有助于胶质瘤分级诊断。     

Quantitative Ultrasound Radiofrequency Data Analysis for the Assessment of Hepatic Steatosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Proton Density Fat Fraction as the Reference Standard

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic performance of quantitative ultrasound (US) parameters for the assessment of hepatic steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) as the reference standard.Materials and MethodsIn this single-center prospective study, 120 patients with clinically suspected NAFLD were enrolled between March 2019 and January 2020. The participants underwent US examination for radiofrequency (RF) data acquisition and chemical shift-encoded liver MRI for PDFF measurement. Using the RF data analysis, the attenuation coefficient (AC) based on tissue attenuation imaging (TAI) (AC-TAI) and scatter-distribution coefficient (SC) based on tissue scatter-distribution imaging (TSI) (SC-TSI) were measured. The correlations between the quantitative US parameters (AC and SC) and MRI-PDFF were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients. The diagnostic performance of AC-TAI and SC-TSI for detecting hepatic fat contents of ≥ 5% (MRI-PDFF ≥ 5%) and ≥ 10% (MRI-PDFF ≥ 10%) were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The significant clinical or imaging factors associated with AC and SC were analyzed using linear regression analysis.ResultsThe participants were classified based on MRI-PDFF: < 5% (n = 38), 5–10% (n = 23), and ≥ 10% (n = 59). AC-TAI and SC-TSI were significantly correlated with MRI-PDFF (r = 0.659 and 0.727, p < 0.001 for both). For detecting hepatic fat contents of ≥ 5% and ≥ 10%, the areas under the ROC curves of AC-TAI were 0.861 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.786–0.918) and 0.835 (95% CI: 0.757–0.897), and those of SC-TSI were 0.964 (95% CI: 0.913–0.989) and 0.935 (95% CI: 0.875–0.972), respectively. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that MRI-PDFF was an independent determinant of AC-TAI and SC-TSI.ConclusionAC-TAI and SC-TSI derived from quantitative US RF data analysis yielded a good correlation with MRI-PDFF and provided good performance for detecting hepatic steatosis and assessing its severity in NAFLD.     

Evaluation of Portal Venous Velocity with Doppler Ultrasound in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Purpose

We examined the relationship between portal venous velocity and hepatic-abdominal fat in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), using spectral Doppler ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and Methods

In this prospective study, 35 patients with NAFLD and 29 normal healthy adults (control group) underwent portal Doppler US. The severity of hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD was assessed by MRI through chemical shift imaging, using a modification of the Dixon method. Abdominal (intra-abdominal and subcutaneous) fat was measured by MRI.

Results

The difference in portal venous velocity between the patients with NAFLD and the control group was significant (p < 0.0001). There was no correlation between the degree of abdominal or hepatic fat and portal venous velocity (p > 0.05). There were strong correlations between the hepatic fat fraction and subcutaneous adiposity (p < 0.0001), intraperitoneal fat accumulation (p = 0.017), and retroperitoneal fat accumulation (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that patients with NAFLD have lower portal venous velocities than normal healthy subjects.