川芎丹皮合剂的抗炎镇痛作用

目的　观察川芎丹皮合剂的镇痛、抗炎作用。方法　①用光热刺激法和化学刺激法观察川芎丹皮合剂对小鼠的镇痛作用 ;②用巴豆油所致小鼠耳廓肿胀和棉球包埋法引起大鼠肉芽肿的方法 ,观察川芎丹皮合剂的抗炎作用。结果　川芎丹皮合剂 4 3g·kg-1、2 15 g·kg-1组及消炎痛组均能延长疼痛反应潜伏期 ,使小鼠 10min、2 0min内扭体反应次数明显减少 ,与生理盐水组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ;川芎丹皮合剂 4 3g·kg-1组对巴豆油所致小鼠耳廓炎性水肿明显减轻 ,与生理盐水组比较有明显的抗炎作用 (P <0 0 1) ;川芎丹皮合剂 4 3g kg-1组、2 15 g·kg-1组对大鼠棉球肉芽肿有明显的抑制作用 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。结论　川芎丹皮合剂有明显的抗炎镇痛作用。     

灵芝多糖口服液对小鼠微循环及耐缺氧能力的研究

目的　探讨灵芝多糖对小鼠微循环及耐缺氧的影响。方法　小鼠 4 8只 ,随机分为 :⑴生理盐水对照组⑵⑶分别为口服液 15 0mg·kg- 1 组、30 0mg·kg- 1 组 ,各组灌胃一次 d ,连续 10天 ,观察对小鼠耳廓、脑膜血流速度、血流量及耐缺氧的作用。结果　 15 0mg·kg- 1 组、30 0mg·kg- 1 组均能加速小鼠耳廓、脑膜血流速度、增加血流量 ,并能增加呼吸次数及延长存活时间 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P<0 0 5 ;P<0 0 1)。结论　口服液具有改善微循环、增加耐缺氧的能力。     

润燥护鼻乳膏对微循环的影响

目的:研究观察润燥护鼻乳膏对小鼠耳廓和家兔肠系膜微循环的影响.方法:观察润燥护鼻乳膏对用肾上腺素造成急性微循环障碍的小鼠耳廓和家兔肠系膜的毛细血管网交点计数和血流速度的影响,说明此药对局部微循环的作用.结果:润燥护鼻乳膏可使造成急性微循环障碍的小鼠耳廓和家兔肠系膜的毛细血管网交点计数和血流速度增加.结论:润燥护鼻乳膏能改善小鼠耳廓及家兔肠系膜局部微循环.     

复方肿节风颗粒剂药效学实验研究

目的通过对复方肿节风颗粒动物实验研究,探讨其止咳、祛痰、抗炎的作用。方法设复方肿节风颗粒大(10.0g·kg-1)、小(5.0g·kg-1)剂量组,对照组(0.9%氯化钠针25ml·kg-1)、阳性药物对照组[喷托维林组(0.1g·kg-1)氯化铵组(0.5g·kg-1)阿司匹林组(0.1g·kg-1)]。①小鼠二氧化硫引咳模型上进行止咳实验。②小鼠酚红气管分泌实验。③小鼠和大鼠非特异性炎症模型上进行抗炎实验(小鼠二甲苯耳廓肿胀和大鼠卵蛋白后足肿胀抗炎实验)。结果①止咳实验:复方肿节风颗粒大、小剂量组,喷托维林组能明显延长潜伏期,减少咳嗽次数,与对照组比较,均存在差异极显著性(P<0.01),或差异显著性(P<0.05)。②分泌实验:复方肿节风颗粒大、小剂量组,氯化铵组均明显增加酚红分泌量,与对照组比较存在差异显著性(P<0.05)。③抗炎实验:对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廊肿胀率和卵蛋白所致大鼠后足肿胀率,复方肿节风颗粒大、小剂量组,阿司匹林组有明显减少肿胀率,与对照组比较均存在差异极显著性(P<0.01)。结论复方肿节风颗粒具有止咳、祛痰、抗炎作用。     

视络通口服液的抗炎及活血化瘀作用实验研究

目的　对视络通口服液进行抗炎及活血化瘀的药效学实验研究 ,印证其临床疗效。方法　采用小鼠灌胃给药 ,二甲苯涂小鼠耳廓 ,计算廓肿胀抑制率 ;小鼠注射给药 ,观察小鼠耳廓血管口径及血流速度 ;小鼠灌胃给药观察小鼠毛细血管通透性。结果　视络通口服液 4 .2 8g/kg和 2 1 .4g/kg剂量组能显著减轻二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀值 (P <0 .0 5,P <0 .0 1 ) ,肿胀抑制率分别为 1 9.65%和 3 1 .2 9% ,说明眼底Ⅰ号具有一定的抗炎作用。视络通口服液作小鼠耳廊微循环实验 ,结果表明 4 .2 8g/kg、2 1 .4g/kg剂量组能显著加快小鼠耳廓血管的血流速度 ,扩张血管 ,使输出输入管径比减小 ,与空白对照组比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5,P <0 .0 1 )。具有改善小鼠耳廓微循环的作用。视络通口服液 2 1 .4g/kg剂量组具有抑制毛细血管通透性的作用 ,与空白对照组比有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　视络通口服液具有改善小鼠耳廓微循环 ,提高血流速度、抗炎、抑制毛细胞血管通透性等作用     

胍流对高脂血症大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响

目的：研究药物肤流对高脂血症大鼠肠系膜微循环血流状态的影响。方法：Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、高脂血症组和服流组，每组8只。对照组大鼠给予基础饲料喂养；高脂血症大鼠给予高脂肪饲料喂养，时间为16周；胍流组大鼠给予高脂饲料喂养的同时，灌胃给予肤流，共16周。在第16周末观察大鼠肠系膜微循环状态，测定肠系膜微静脉内白细胞粘附率、平均血流速度。结果：与对照组比较，高脂大鼠肠系膜微静脉血管内白细胞粘附率明显升高（P〈0．01），微静脉血流平均速度明显降低（P〈0．05）；而胍流组大鼠白细胞粘附率相对于高脂组明显降低（P〈0．05），血流速度明显升高（P〈0．05）。结论：脓流能够有效地减少高脂血症大鼠肠系膜微静脉血管内白细胞粘附数量，提高微静脉内血流速度。     

三叶人字草对IgA肾病模型大鼠的影响

【目的】观察三叶人字苹对IgA肾病模型大鼠的影响。【方法】选用KM小鼠随机分为空白对照组,云南白药胶囊对照组（剂量为0．411g&#183;kg^-1&#183;d^-1）,人字草高、中、低剂量组（剂量分别为24．660、12．330、6．165g&#183;kg^-1&#183;d^-1）,持续给药7d后,采用激光多普勒血流仪记录小鼠耳廓微循环的血流速度,观察微循环的改善情况。选用SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组,云南白药胶囊对照组（剂量为0．206g&#183;kg^-1&#183;d^-1）,人字草高、中、低剂量组（剂量分别为12．340、6．170、3．085g&#183;kg^-1&#183;d^-1）,连续给药7d后取血,采用血液流变学测变仪检测血液流变学指标。选用sD大鼠随机分为空白对照组,模型组,雷公藤多苷组（剂量为0．0165g&#183;kg^-1&#183;d^-1）,人字草高、中、低剂量组（剂量分别为16．0、8．0、4．0g&#183;kg^-1&#183;d^-1）,除空白对照组外,其他组均采用牛血清白蛋白＋脂多糖＋CCl4联合运用8周复制实验性IgA肾病模型,于第8周开始给药至第12周末,各组大鼠均于腹主动脉取血检测尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（SCr）和血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力、丙二醛（MDA）含量。【结果】人字草高、中、低剂量组均可显著增强小鼠耳廓微动脉的血流速度（P〈0．05或p〈0．01）,且呈一定的剂量效应关系。人字草高剂量组可显著降低高切、中切、低切全血黏度（P〈0．01）,改善大鼠血液流变学指标。除人字草低剂量组对血清MDA含量无显著影响外,其他各给药组均可显著降低模型大鼠BUN、SCr、MDA含量,升高SOD活力（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。【结论】三叶人字苹治疗IgA肾病的效应可能与其能改善微循环和血液流变学指标,清除自由基,提高抗氧化酶活力有关。     

胃炎消颗粒抗实验性胃溃疡的作用

[目的]观察胃炎消颗粒抗实验性胃溃疡、急性胃粘膜损伤及抗炎镇痛的作用.[方法]采用大鼠应激性和消炎痛急性胃溃疡模型、乙酸法慢性胃溃疡模型以及急性化学性胃粘膜损伤模型,观察胃炎消颗粒的抗溃疡及抗胃粘膜损伤作用,并采用热板法、扭体法及小鼠耳廓肿胀法、大鼠蛋清足肿胀法、大鼠棉球肉芽肿法,对其抗炎镇痛作用进行观察.[结果]胃炎消高、低剂量(24.6、12.3 g·kg-1)均能降低大鼠应激性溃疡和消炎痛溃疡模型的溃疡指数(P<0.05或P<0.01);减少乙酸法胃溃疡大鼠的溃疡面积(P<0.01);对盐酸-乙醇、0.2 mol·L-1氢氧化钠急性胃粘膜损伤模型也有良好的保护作用,给药组胃粘膜损伤指数较对照组减少(P<0.01).对大鼠蛋清性足肿胀模型有抑制作用,能降低炎症足肿胀度;对大鼠棉球肉芽肿模型有抑制作用,降低肉芽肿的质量.胃炎消颗粒两个剂量(24.6、49.2 g·kg-1)均能提高热板法试验小鼠的疼痛阈值和降低醋酸扭体试验小鼠的扭体次数(P<0.01),对二甲苯耳廓肿胀炎症模型有抑制作用,降低致炎耳廓的肿胀度(P<0.01).[结论]胃炎消颗粒具有抗多种胃溃疡和胃粘膜损伤的作用,并有抗炎镇痛作用.     

复方肿节风颗粒剂药效学实验研究

目的 通过对复方肿节风颗粒动物实验研究,探讨其止咳、祛痰、抗炎的作用.方法 设复方肿节风颗粒大(10.0g·kg-1)、小(5.0g·kg-1)剂量组,对照组(0.9%氯化钠针25 ml·kg-1)、阳性药物对照组[喷托维林组(0.1g·kg-1)氯化铵组(0.5g·kg-1)阿司匹林组(0.1g·kg-1)].①小鼠二氧化硫引咳模型上进行止咳实验.②小鼠酚红气管分泌实验.③小鼠和大鼠非特异性炎症模型上进行抗炎实验(小鼠二甲苯耳廓肿胀和大鼠卵蛋白后足肿胀抗炎实验).结果 ①止咳实验复方肿节风颗粒大、小剂量组,喷托维林组能明显延长潜伏期,减少咳嗽次数,与对照组比较,均存在差异极显著性(P＜0.01),或差异显著性(P＜0.05).②分泌实验复方肿节风颗粒大、小剂量组,氯化铵组均明显增加酚红分泌量,与对照组比较存在差异显著性(P＜0.05).③抗炎实验对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廊肿胀率和卵蛋白所致大鼠后足肿胀率,复方肿节风颗粒大、小剂量组,阿司匹林组有明显减少肿胀率,与对照组比较均存在差异极显著性(P＜0.01).结论 复方肿节风颗粒具有止咳、祛痰、抗炎作用.     

和胃降逆汤抗应激性溃疡的胃粘膜屏障保护机制

[目的]观察和胃降逆汤对大鼠应激性溃疡的影响及可能的机制。[方法]SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,雷尼替丁组(0.05 g·kg-1·d-1),和胃降逆汤低、中、高剂量组(1.25、2.50、5.00g·kg-1·d-1);各药物组分别按设计药物及剂量灌胃给药,正常组和模型组以等容积蒸馏水灌胃,连续给药5 d;除正常组外,各组均采用水束缚应激法复制大鼠应激性溃疡模型,以激光多普勒灌注监测仪检测胃粘膜血流量,用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测胃粘膜诱生型一氧化氮合酶信使核糖核酸(1NOS mRNA)表达。[结果]和胃降逆汤能降低模型大鼠的溃疡指数,增加胃粘膜血流,减少胃粘膜iNOS mRNA表达,与模型组比较均具有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。[结论]和胃降逆汤通过增加胃粘膜血流,减少胃粘膜iNOS mRNA表达,起胃粘膜屏障保护作用,可能是其防治应激性溃疡的机制之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.