解读《神农本草经》

原文:夫大病之主有中风,伤寒,寒热,温疟,中恶,霍乱,大腹水肿,肠游,下痢,大小便不通,贲豚,上气,咳逆,呕吐,黄疸,消渴,留饮,癖食,坚积,症瘕,惊邪,癫痫,鬼疰,喉痹,齿痛,耳聋,目盲,金疮,踒折,痈肿,恶疮,痔,漏,瘿瘤,男子五劳七伤,虚乏羸瘦,女子带下,崩中,血闭,阴蚀。虫蛇蛊毒所伤。此大略宗兆,其间变动枝叶,各宜依端绪以取之。     

关于概括腧穴主治方法的几点思考

腧穴主治就是腧穴所能治疗的病症,随着不断的临床实践,其内容由少到多.以合谷主治为例,晋代<针灸甲乙经>有"鼻鼽衄,热病汗不出, 目,目痛瞑,头痛,龋齿痛"," 疟","寒热","狂易","瘖不能言","聋,耳中不通"[1]等12个;明代<针灸大成>有"伤寒大渴,脉浮在表,发热恶寒,头痛脊强,无汗,寒热疟,鼻衄不止,热病汗不出,目视不明,生白翳,下齿龋,耳聋,喉痹,面肿,唇吻不收, 不能言,口噤不开,偏风,风疹,痂疥,偏正头痛,腰脊内引痛,小儿单乳鹅".等23个;当前高等医药院校试用教材<腧穴学>载"头痛,眩晕,目赤肿痛,鼻衄,鼻渊,齿痛,耳聋,面肿,疔疮,咽喉肿痛,失喑,牙关紧闭,口眼呐斜,痄腮,指挛,臂痛,半身不遂,发热恶寒,无汗,多汗,咳嗽,经闭,滞产,胃痛,腹痛,便秘,痢疾,小儿惊风,瘾疹,疥疮,疟疾"[3]等31个.而即使这些,也只是合谷穴的典型主治病症,实际应用更复杂.因此,研究、分析腧穴主治,找出其中规律,就变得愈发必要、迫切.就现存针灸文献分析,概括腧穴主治的方法主要有以下4种.     

老年养生三字诀

人到老,不服老,童心在,不老药。心不顺,赏花草,经常笑,变年少。薄名利,无烦恼,不贪得,杂念抛。事临头,忍为妙,多谦让,别急躁。行方便,人称道,依本分,心理好。邻里和,勿口角,家庭睦,乐陶陶。不嫉妒,少计较,心境宽,病不扰。心常静,神勿劳,色莫贪,精不耗。善交往,广爱好,常知足,自逍遥。不挑食,莫过饱,酒少量,烟戒掉。打耳光,撮谷道,发常梳,晚洗脚。腿莫懒,常踮脚,目常运,伸懒腰。腹常摩,肢节摇,气血通,百病消。勤用脑,可防老,常锻炼,寿自高。     

AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUME 5

A AGARWAL, A.K., 87 B BANERJEE, T.K., 325 BHATTACHARYA, B., 178 BHATTACHARYA, SHELLEY, 18, 178 236, 355 BIAS, HVARONG, 115 BOSE, SHAMBHUNATH, 355 C CAI, LU, 46 CAI, SHIWEN,130 CAO, ZHAOJING, 136 CHANG, LOUIS, W., 283, 293 CHAUDHURY, SHIBANI, 355 CHEN, CHANG, 149 CHEN, CHIEH-Fu, 283,293 CHEN, HUA, 229 GUAN, LI, 257 GUHA, DHRITI, 92 GUPTA, B.N., 321 GUPTA, N., 87 H HALDER, P., 178 HE, SHUNZHONG, 115 HE, XIWEN, 276 HOWELL, KATHY, S., 3 HU, WENJUAN, 161 HUANG, CHENGYU, 25 HUANG, JIANG, 136 HUANG, JIANPING, 115 HUSAIN, FIDA, 251 J JIANG, XUEZHI,266 JING, XIPENG, 221 JIU, YIQUAN, 115 JONES, ROSS, E., 314 LU, JING, 276 LUO, XUEYUN, 161 LUO, YUNDA 366 M MALLICK, NIRUPAMA, 65, 241 MAO, XU, 125 MATHUR, A.K., 321 MUKHERJEE, DILIP, 92 N NARA NG, S., 321 NASU, M., 25 OKUDA, A., 25 PAK, D.C.H., 99     

AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUME 4

A ABDALLAH, KHASAWINAH, 317 AINSLEY, WESTON, 73 ALFONSO, DI, MuccIo, 415 ALI, SYED, F., 207 ALICJA, MARKOWSKA, 166 AN, FENGCHUN, 268 ANGELO, TURTtlRRO, 2, 130 ARTHtJR, FURST, 242 B BAI, GUANG, 273 BASTONE, A., 339 BEILSTEIN, M. A., 392 BELAND, FREDERICK, A., 69 BENSON, WAYNE, R., 113 BHATTACHARYA, R., 384, 452 BONDY, STEPHEN, C., 217 BOTTONI, P., 339 BOVNIAS, M., 376 BOWMAN, ELISE, D., 73 BRECKLER. STEVEN.J.,166     

SUBJECT INDEX

6-OHDA,substantia nigra,parkinson disease,207089 abdominal compartment syndrome ,full abdominoplasty,207530 abdominoplasty,abdominal defect ,polypropylene,207531 ace tabular ,hipjoint ,dislocation,fixation,207421 acetabulum,fracture ,riskfactors treatment ,207422 acinetobacter baumannii ,nosocomial infection,207008 acoustic neuromas ,facial nerve,207451 acoustic neuromas ,retrosignal approach,207452 acute severe headinjury,progesterone,207255 adenovirus ,colon carcinoma,RNAinference,207382 ad…     

AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUME 2

BBELLls^z,M^RI^S^Nn以,287BERs^CCH一,M^Rlo,287BHA仃^eH^Rv^,S^MIR,92BH^TTAeH^Rv^,SHELLEv,92B一vINs,FRANK G.,54BouNIAs,M.,106BRY^N,GEoRGE T.,36 HH^^s一oBELlus,M^RoRET,249Ho,1 .K,295HosKINs,Bo 295HouGH,AueREYJ,54HouK,VERNoN N.,48Hu,Su一YINe,3 18Hu,WEN一Ju^N,65Hu,YuHLJ^,1 50 CCAMONI,Iv^No,287C^RR,C.J￡LLEFr,177CAseINO,P.,106CHAN,G.Y.5.,131CHANe,Lou一5 Wo 54CH^RYuLLJ,P.B.B.N.,CH八盯就竹E,M.,385CHEN,X一AoM一NG,65CHEuNo,Y.H.,81CHou…     

缬草（Valerian）

又名 Amantilla, All-Heal, Baldrian, Baldrianwurzel, Belgium Valerian, Common Valerian, Fragrant Valerian, Garden Heliotrope, Garden Valerian, Indian Valerian, Mexican Valerian, Pacific Valerian, Valeriana, Valerianae radix, Valeriana rhizome, Valeriane。     

News and Notes

WORLD CONGRESS ON SCIENTIFICACUPUNCTURE HELD IN VIENNAThe World Congress on Scientific Acupunc-ture,organized by the Austrian Acupunctureand Auricular Therapy Society,was held October17-20,1983 in Vienna,Austria It was attendedby 500 participants from 27 countries includingAustralia,Austria,Belgium,Canada,China,Czechoslovakia,Germany,Greece,Egypt,Eng-land,Finland,France,Hungary,Israel,Italy,Japan,the Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Swe-den,Syria,Switzerland,Turkey,the USA,theUSSR and Yugoslavia.     

补中益气汤加附子治疗低血压

患者安某,52岁,男性,曾患过黄疸及结核病,自1969年由于低血压容易疲劳、懒倦,精神不振,经治疗未见好转。目前,患者消瘦,仍易疲劳、懒倦,易感冒,情绪不安,严重失眠,面色青白无华,全身多汗,头沉发紧,耳鸣,听力稍有减退,流涕,口淡无味,咳嗽,经常咽后部干燥,晨起咳嗽较重,痰少不易咳出。胸闷,胸腹动悸,胃部郁闷胀满,足腰发冷,脱肛,大便正常,两天一次,但有排不尽之感,血压105/53 mmHg,食欲不好,偏食,喜食水果、肉     

胆道结石手术死亡原因分析

胆道结石是外科常见病.自Langenbuch于1882年开展胆囊切除术以来,已有百余年历史.虽然诊断技术、治疗方法日益改进,但手术死亡率仍较高,尤其是肝内胆管结石.本文回顾了本院从1956年至985年来.收治的胆道结石手术及死亡病例,重点分析其死亡原因,以便采取措施,改善治疗效果.     

胆道梗阻程度在重症胆管炎病程中的作用及其临床意义

本文分析了我院近十年的36例重症胆管炎(ACST)患者,结果显示:依梗阻是否完全,ACST可分成急性梗阻化脓性胆管炎(AOSC)和急性化脓性胆管炎(ASC),前者发展凶猛,死亡率极高,后者则预后较好。另外本文采用44只日本种长耳家兔以不同胆道梗阻制成胆道管炎模型,结果也证实,完全梗阻组48小时血压下降幅度达7.6kpa(55mmHg),较不全梗阻组(4kpa)为高(p<0.05),作者认为:胆道梗阻程度是ACST病情发展的重要因素。文中发现血内毒素与血压变化并不平行,可能存在其它影响因素。     

急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎156例临床分析

目的探讨急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎（AOSC）的早期诊断指标和手术时机、手术方式的选择。方法回顾性分析我院156例AOSC临床资料。结果所有患者均有胆道病史,有典型的Charcot三联征91例,有精神症状32例,腹部腹膜炎体征116例。血小板降低35例,手术治疗147例中痊愈128例,带T管出院11例,手术组死亡8例,非手术治疗9例,其中8例死亡。结论AOSC的早期诊断,把握好手术时机,采用适当的手术方法早期手术,是降低病死率的有效方法。     

急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎(附120例分析)

<正> 急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎(Acuteobstructive Suppurative Cholangitis 简称 AOSC),在我国发病率高,晚期、重症病人死亡率达50%,为胆道良性疾病引起死亡的主要原因。同时,常伴有肝实质损害、胆源性败血症、休克、急性肾衰等严重并发症,故急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎仍是值得临床探讨的问题。我院近10年来收治胆     

不同程度胆道感染的压力变化

本文对64例不同程度胆道感染的病例进行了胆道压力测定及肝组织扫描电镜观察。其中重症急性胆管炎24例,急性胆管炎20例,前组胆总管压力明显高于后组,两组病例肝脏病理变化亦有显著的差异。急性胆囊炎10例,细菌培养仅2例阳性,可见梗阻是其最主要的病因。同时测定10例胆囊壁无炎症改变的胆囊压,证明正常状态人胆道各部位之间亦是有压力梯度的。     

经腹小切口肝穿刺胆道引流术治疗重症急性胆管炎(附5例报告)

对5例重症急性胆管炎患者使用了经腹小切口肝穿刺胆道引流术,全部患者均于24小时内病情缓解,4—9天内体温正常。3例患者经导管造影,获胆道系统较精确的诊断。本法在直视下操作,避免了胆汁渗漏和出血,适用于病情危笃或胆总管探查有困难的患者。     

老年急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎(AOSC)临床分析

目的:总结并提高老年急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎(AcuteObstructedSuppurateCholangitis,AOSC)的诊治水平。方法:回顾性分析本院近9年收治的76例老年AOSC,对其临床特点、诊断、治疗与转归作一总结。结果:老年人的AOSC存在其不同于中青年组的特点,中毒性休克表现几率高(60.4%)。76例患者均在超声检查中有阳性发现,其中69例患者伴有至少一种全身性基础疾病。非手术治疗8例(死亡3例),手术治疗68例(急诊手术20例,择期手术48例),48例非急诊手术中行经皮经肝胆管穿刺引流(PTCD)32例,鼻胆管引流16例。结论:老年急性胆道感染进展快,在诊断上应首选辅助B超检查,减少AOSC延误诊治。治疗过程中必须加强对伴随基础病的治疗,应积极行以手术为主的解除梗阻的治疗。术前行PTCD或鼻胆管引流,可明显改善手术前全身状态,甚至使急诊手术变为择期手术。     

BILIARY ORIGIN SEPTICEMIA

In Chengdu area most cases of septicemia of biliary origin are due to suppurative cholangitis, primary cholangiolithiasis and biliary ascariasis. Two autopsies in this series showed thrombi mixed with free billirubin particles in numerous hepatic veins and pulmonary blood vessels. These specific findings indicate the actual pas- sage by which bacteria bile enter the systemic in the contaminated circulation and cause septicemia as a result of acute biliary obstruc- tion and infection. This paper analyses the clinical features and operative findings in 62 cases and the autopsy data in part of them. The causes, mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of the disease are discussed.     

Effects of biliary tract pressure on dynamics of the Oddi’s sphincter and its nerve mechanism

Summary In order to explore the effect of biliary tract pressure on Oddi’s sphincter and the mechanism of development of high pressure of biliary tract during acute obstructive and suppurative cholangitis (AOSC), house rabbits were used to establish model of high biliary pressure in acute biliary duct caecus. It was observed that when the pressure of the acute biliary tract was increased to 8 kPa, the electric activity of Oddi’s sphincter was obviously enhanced, the pressure of Oddiœs sphincter increased remarkably (P <0. 05), and even constant spasm appeared with accompanying increase of discharge frequency of the right greater splanchnic nerves (P <0. 05) and progressive decrease of mean arterial pressure. However, when lidocaine of 0. 6 % was used to block the right celiac plexus, no above-mentioned reaction happened when the biliary tract pressure was increased again. The results indicated that the acute biliary tract obstruction might induce the contraction or spasm of Oddi’s sphincter and bring about a vicious cycle. Its mechanism is related to splanchnic nerves reflection and it is one of important factors in the development of AOSC course. This project was supported by National Educational Committee Grant for Overseas Chinese Scholars (No. 9130219).     

28例急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的临床分析

目的:探讨急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎(AOSC)患者的有效临床治疗措施。方法:对我院2009年2月至2011年12月期间收治28例急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:28例急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎患者中,手术治疗26例,其中25例痊愈,1例死亡,2例保守治疗中1例痊愈,1例死亡,2例患者死亡原因为全身多器官衰竭和严重的全身感染,总有效率92.3%,住院天数14～42天,平均23.5天。结论:急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎(AOSC)明确诊断后应及时手术,解除胆道梗阻充分引流,控制感染抗休克,严密监测肝、肾等全身脏器多功能状况,是提高治愈率,降低病死率的主要治疗方法。