睾丸精原细胞瘤预后因素分析

目的：分析睾丸精原细胞瘤综合治疗的几个预后因素。方法：１９８４年～１９９６年间我院放疗科收治２１例睾丸精原细胞瘤,均行患侧睾丸副睾切除加精索高位结扎,术后均采用放疗或化疗。结果：２年生存率Ⅰ期患者为８３．３％（１０／１２）、Ⅱ期患者为１００％（７／７）、Ⅳ期患者为０（０／２）;５年生存率Ⅰ期患者为５８．３％（７／８）、Ⅱ期患者为８５．７％（６／７）,Ⅳ期患者为０（０／１）。结论：Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期睾丸精原细胞瘤应行术后放疗,Ⅱ期应加用２～４周期化疗,综合治疗后可延长生存期。年龄对预后影响不明显,单纯化疗疗效有待进一步证实。     

睾丸精原细胞瘤预后因素分析

目的 :分析睾丸精原细胞瘤经综合治疗后的几个预后因素。材料与方法 :1975年 10月～ 1990年 12月间收治 133例睾丸精原细胞瘤。绝大部分病例行患侧睾丸附睾切除加精索高位结扎 ,小部分病例行腹腔探查 ,并行腹膜后淋巴结清扫。所有病人术后采用放疗 ,部分加用不规则化疗。结果 :5年生存率分别为 期 92 .6 % (6 5 / 70 )、 期 5 2 .6 % (10 / 19)、 期 2 5 % (4/ 16 )、 期 2 2 .2 % (2 / 9)。术后放疗剂量以 2 0～ 30 Gy者预后最好 ,5年生存率为 80 .0 % ,与 <2 0和 >30 Gy比较 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :术后放疗的时机应在 1个月之内。年龄、术后是否加用化疗、60 Co与加速器放疗 ,对预后均未见明显影响     

睾丸精原细胞瘤的临床治疗

1975年3月至1987年12月我院收治了经病理证实的睾丸精原细胞瘤病例109例，Ⅰ期73例，Ⅱ期28例，Ⅲ期5例，Ⅳ期3例。治疗方法均为术后加放疗，中晚期的13例会并N-甲酰溶肉瘤素化疗，预后与分期有关。3、5、8年生存率为82．6％、771％、66．7％。主要死因为血道转移．1987年以后对ⅡB期、Ⅲ期于放疗前后采用了以顺铂为主的有计划的联合化疗。结果提示：对于Ⅰ、ⅡA。期患者，单纯隔下放疗即可，ⅡB。、Ⅲ期应放疗合并卡铂为主的联合化疗。     

Ⅱ期睾丸精原细胞瘤的临床治疗及预后

目的：探讨手术及化疗在Ⅱ期睾丸精原细胞瘤治疗中的作用。方法：1993年2月-2007年8月收治Ⅱ期睾丸精原细胞瘤44例,采用以顺铂为基础的多疗程化疗,4例化疗前行腹膜后淋巴结扩清术,10例在化疗后行腹膜后淋巴结扩清术。结果：8例化疗后扩清组织为坏死及纤维化组织,2例为恶性肿瘤。连续随访2—8年,5年生存率Ⅱa期100％（11／11）、Ⅱb期92％（22／24）、Ⅱc期77．8％（7／9）。结论：Ⅱ期睾丸精原细胞瘤尽早采用多疗程化疗可控制病期进展达到有效治疗,提高其生存率。     

II期睾丸精原细胞瘤的临床治疗及预后

目的:探讨手术及化疗在II期睾丸精原细胞瘤治疗中的作用.方法:1993年2月-2007年8月收治II期睾丸精原细胞瘤44例,采用以顺铂为基础的多疗程化疗,4例化疗前行腹膜后淋巴结扩清术,10例在化疗后行腹膜后淋巴结扩清术.结果:8例化疗后扩清组织为坏死及纤维化组织,2例为恶性肿瘤.连续随访2-8年,5年生存率IIa期100%(11/11)、IIb期92%(22/24)、IIc期77.8%(7/9).结论:II期睾丸精原细胞瘤尽早采用多疗程化疗可控制病期进展达到有效治疗,提高其生存率.     

腹股沟隐睾精原细胞瘤和阴囊睾丸精原细胞瘤预后的比较

目的分析腹股沟隐睾精原细胞瘤的预后,提出治疗方法。方法我们回顾性分析了１９５８～１９９１年治疗的４３例患者。根据我院精原细胞瘤分期标准,Ⅰ期３３例,Ⅱ期８例,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期各１例。所有患者均经腹股沟隐睾肿瘤切除术,Ⅰ、Ⅱ期以放射治疗为主,Ⅲ及Ⅳ期各１例分别行放疗或化疗。结果全组总的５年、１０年生存率分别为９３．０％和９０．３％,相应无病生存率分别为８８．１％和８５．３％。Ⅰ期５年、１０年总生存率均为１００％,Ⅱ期为７５．０％和６０．０％。２例复发,经放疗治愈。结论本组研究结果表明,腹股沟隐睾精原细胞瘤预后较好,和阴囊睾丸精原细胞瘤相似。建议对Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期早行术后腹主动脉旁和同侧盆腔淋巴结照射。当有腹股沟淋巴结转移或原发肿瘤明显侵及腹股沟周围组织时,再行腹股沟照射。     

71例睾丸精原细胞瘤放疗疗效的分析

1986年12月至1995年5月我们对71例睾丸精原细胞瘤患者进行了术后放疗,现报告如下。1　材料与方法1.1　一般情况本组71例,年龄19～69岁,中位年龄39岁。其中47例发生于右侧,24例发生于左侧。隐睾发病20例,占28.17%,其中腹股沟隐睾7例,腹腔隐睾13例(其中1例为双侧隐睾)。病程1～24     

睾丸精原细胞瘤124例临床分析

目的 探讨睾丸精原细胞瘤的治疗和预后之间的关系。方法 回顾性分析山东省肿瘤防治研究院１９６３年７月￣１９９５年１１月收治的精原细胞瘤患者１２４例,其中,Ｉ期精原细胞瘤患者仅做精索高位结扎睾丸切除加髂－腹主动脉旁淋巴引流区放射治疗;Ⅱ、Ⅲ期精原细胞瘤术后给予放疗及有计划地加用辅助性化疗。结果 Ｉ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期精原细胞瘤５年生存率分别为９５．９％、７０．４％和０。结论 Ｉ期精原细胞瘤患者仅做精索高位结扎睾     

睾丸精原细胞瘤78例临床分析

目的：对78例精原细胞瘤患者的治疗结果及其预后因素加以分析。方法：1983年7月至1992年4月收治78例睾丸精原细胞瘤，均经病理证实为纯精原细胞瘤。78例中74例手术治疗，63例术后放疗，43例联合化疗。结果：中位随访6.6年（随访期5-10年），根据《现代肿瘤学》的分期标准。Ⅰ期44例。Ⅱ期21例。Ⅲ期3例。Ⅳ期10例。全组5，10年生存率分别为；Ⅰ期93.2%,87.0%,Ⅱ期66.7%,60.0%,Ⅲ期33.3%,33.3%,Ⅳ期0，0。结论：临床分期，放疗剂量及联合化疗是影响预后的重要因素。强调高位精索加睾丸切除术及术后预防放疗DT2500cDy为Ⅰ期患者首选治疗方案，Ⅱ期以上患者应术后放疗加联合化疗。     

睾丸精原细胞瘤治疗的临床疗效分析

目的：回顾性分析睾丸精原细胞瘤的治疗效果。探索综合治疗的原则。方案：总结中山医科大学肿瘤医院１９７５年至１９９０年收治的１６３例睾丸精原细胞瘤，其中单纯手术４例，术后化疗２２例，术后放疗５２例，术后放疗加化疗８５例。以直接法计算生存结果。结果：总５年生存率７３．６２％；Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ（Ⅳ）期分别为８４．３７％、６４．２９％和２７．２７％。单纯手术４例（Ｉ期）区域淋巴结转移５０％（２／４）；术后综合放疗     

Prognostic Role of Early Interim Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Patients With Advanced Seminoma Undergoing Standard Treatment

BackgroundPatients with advanced seminoma have an exceedingly favorable prognosis. Studies aiming to reduce the total treatment burden and side effects in patients with well-defined disease and very good prognosis are warranted.Patients and MethodsIn a prospective observational study, patients with advanced stage seminoma were treated with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) or EP according to guidelines. Fluorodeoxyglucose with positron emission tomography and computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) examinations were performed at baseline, after 2 cycles (PET/CT2) in all patients, and after chemotherapy at the physician’s discretion. Disease response to treatment assessed by PET/CT was qualitatively evaluated by 2 independent nuclear medicine physicians. Contrast-enhanced CT scans were also performed according to guidelines (at baseline, after treatment, during follow-up). The study’s primary endpoint was to evaluate the association between PET/CT2 findings and relapse-free survival.ResultsFrom January 2009 to January 2017, a total of 75 consecutive patients were enrolled, of whom 70 were included for analysis. The clinical disease stage was IIA-B and IIC-III in 40% and 60%, respectively. By local assessment, 46 PET/CT2 scans (65.7%) were reported as negative, and 46% of these patients had stage IIC-III disease. Five-year relapse-free survival of PET/CT2-positive patients was 75% (95% confidence interval, 60-95) compared to 97.8% (95% confidence interval, 93.7-100) of PET/CT2-negative patients (P = .002). In univariate analyses, PET/CT2 was significantly associated with relapse-free survival (P = .02).ConclusionsNo residual FDG uptake after 2 cycles of conventional chemotherapy is prognostic in advanced seminoma, but it may be useful to optimize the standard prognostic risk groups and may be tested within larger prospective clinical trials of chemotherapy deescalation.     

Clinical Profile,Treatment and Survival Outcome of Testicular Tumors: A Pakistani Perspective

Background: Testicular cancer management is considered a marvel of modern science with excellenttreatment results. Pakistan has a distinct ethnic variation and geographic distribution but data regardingclinical presentation of testicular tumors and their management is under reported. The objective of this studywas to determine clinical profile, treatment modalities and survival outcome of testicular tumors in the Pakistanipopulation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of patients who received treatment for testicularcancer at Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital from January 2009 to December 2012 was performed. Patientdemographics, clinical features at presentation and treatment modalities were assessed. For categorical variableschi square test was used. Survival was calculated using Kaplan Meier survival curves and Log rank test wasemployed to determine significance. Results: The most common tumor was mixed germ cell tumor in 49%patients. For all tumor variants except seminoma, stage III was the most common clinical stage at presentation.Majority of patients with non seminomatous germ cell tumors presented in the15-30 year age group as comparedto seminoma which was most prevalent in the 30-40 year age group. Orchiectomy followed by chemotherapywas the most common treatment modality in 80% patients. Expected 5 year survival for seminomas and nonseminomatousgerm cell tumors was 96% and 90% respectively which was not significantly different (p=0.2).Conclusions: Despite a distinct clinical profile of testicular tumors in Pakistani population, survival is comparablewith published reports.     

Testicular Seminoma in Denmark 1976-1980 Results of Treatment

Over a five-year period the DATECA Study included 554 consecutive patients with seminoma, representing practically all cases in the country. The stage distribution was: stage I 424 patients, stage II 110 patients, and stage III 17 patients. Typical seminoma was registered in 515 patients, anaplastic seminoma in 26 patients, and spermatocytic seminoma in 13 patients. The treatment was postoperative irradiation except in a few very advanced cases who received chemotherapy. Three-year corrected survival was: stage I 99 per cent, stage II 89 per cent, and stage III 65 per cent. Anaplastic seminoma showed a singnificantly higher rate of metastatic spread than typical seminoma and the prognosis was worse. Treatment-related complications were few, but adjuvant bleomycin combined with irradiation of advanced seminoma resulted in 2 deaths from pneumonitis.     

Intracranial Metastasis of Testicular Seminoma in an HIV-Positive. Case Report and Review

We present what appears to be the first case of an intracranial metastasis from testicular seminoma in an HIV-positive patient. The computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the lesion mimicked meningioma or lymphoma. A significant increase in the risk of testicular seminoma has been reported in AIDS patients. Whenever there is lymph-node involvement upon diagnosis of testicular seminoma, intracranial metastases may appear. After surgical removal of an intracranial metastasis from testicular seminoma, radiotherapy should be considered. Chemotherapy is to be included in the treatment of intracranial metastases from testicular seminoma with systemic involvement.     

Hodgkin'S Disease in Northern Sweden 1971-1981 Ii. A Retrospective Analysis of Prognostic Factors

Factors relevant for prognosis were retrospectively studied in a series of 133 morphologically reviewed patients with Hodgkin's disease collected between 1971 and 1981. for the whole material complete remission rate was 74% and 5-year survival was 62%. these seemingly rather poor results could be explained by a high mean age (48 years) in this relatively unselected material, in combination with a very unfavourable outcome for the elderly patients. in a multivariate analysis of prognostic factors age of the patient turned out to be the only independent factor with a significant bearing on the prognosis.     

Prognostic Factors in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Retrospective Study of 67 Cases

In a cohort of 67 adult patients with newly diagnosed untreated acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), the initial clinical and biological parameters were submitted to multivariate analysis for potential prognostic significance. Median age of the patients was 40 years and the hematologic characteristics of the patients were those regularly seen. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 43 cases (64%). Fourteen patients died within 4 weeks of diagnosis, due to severe hemorrhage. Factors predictive of hemorrhagic death in the multivariate analysis were hyperuricemia (p = 0.001), splenomegaly (p = 0.009), anemia (p = 0.02), high serum levels of LDH (p = 0.02), increased prothrombin time (p = 0.04), and hypercreatininemia (p = 0.05). Pretreatment patient characteristics for poor prognosis and achieving CR were hyperuricemia (p = 0.0002), splenomegaly (p = 0.01), anemia (p = 0.02), and lymphadenopathy (p = 0.04). The median disease-free survival (DFS) was 15.6 months. Poor prognostic factors for DFS were hyperuricemia (p = 0.007), and splenomegaly (p = 0.03). Maintenance chemotherapy had no statistically significant impact on CR duration. Median survival duration was 10 months. Poor prognostic factors for survival were hyperuricemia (p = 0.0005), and elevated serum LDH levels (p = 0.01).     

Survival and Prognostic Factors in Thyroid Carcinoma

A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors and survival was carried out in a series of 200 patients with thyroid carcinoma. The cumulative survival rate corrected for intercurrent deaths was higher for papillary carcinoma than for follicular carcinoma both at 5 years (92 % vs 74 %) and at ten years (87 % vs 66 %) after the diagnosis. Seventeen of the eighteen patients with anaplastic carcinoma died within 24 months after the diagnosis. The most important independent prognostic factor in patients with papillary or follicular carcinoma, by multivariate analysis, was age at time of diagnosis, followed by tumor penetration beyond the thyroid capsule and follicular histologic type. When different types of treatment were included in the analysis, age at diagnosis still remained the most important prognostic factor. Misdiagnosed intercurrent deaths in the elderly did not explain the negative effect of age on survival.     

青年妇女子宫内膜癌预后因素分析

[目的]探讨影响青年子宫内膜癌的预后因素。[方法]对52例40岁以下子宫内膜癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。[结果]总5年生存率78．8％。在单因素分析中，妊娠次数、分期、病理类型及分级、肌层浸润、脉管瘤栓、卵巢转移、盆腔淋巴结转移和p53过度表达与预后有关。多因素分析显示仅肌层浸润，脉管瘤栓，盆腔淋巴结转移与预后有关。[结论]肌层浸润，脉管瘤栓，盆腔淋巴结转移是青年子宫内膜癌的独立预后因素。应慎行保留卵巢的手术．Ⅳ期青年患者应争取行手术为主的综合治疗。