醒酒保肝胶囊对酒精性肝损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的:探讨醒酒保肝胶囊对大鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用.方法:60只健康雄性Wistar大白鼠随机分为对照组、造模组、醒酒保肝胶囊低(200 mg/kg)、中(400 mg/kg)、高剂量(1 200 mg/kg)组,实验周期2个月,测定并比较各组实验动物体重增长情况,血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、血清中甘油三酯(TG)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的水平,肝组织匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的含量和活性.结果:(1)醒酒保肝胶囊各剂量组动物与造模组动物比较体重增长无统计学意义.(2)醒酒保肝胶囊各剂量与造模组比较血清TP、Alb含量升高,ALT、AST、TG含量下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.01).(3)醒酒保肝胶囊中、高剂量组与造模组动物比较,肝组织匀浆中MDA含量明显下降(P<0.05～0.01),醒酒保肝胶囊高剂量组肝组织匀浆中GSH、GSH-Px活性和血清SOD的含量明显上升(P<0.01).结论:醒酒保肝胶囊对大鼠酒精性的肝损伤有一定保护作用.     

蛇芪胶囊的醒酒保肝作用

蛇芪胶囊以葛花、金银花、枳椇子、五味子、黄芪提取物及腹蛇粉为原料加工制成,对化学性肝损伤具有保护作用。我们制作醉酒及急性酒精性肝损伤的小鼠模型,以醉酒时间、维持时间、乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、肝组织切片为指标,观察蛇芪胶囊的醒酒保肝作用。     

帕珠丸对急性酒精性肝损伤小鼠解酒保肝作用研究

目的 建立小鼠醉酒模型及急性酒精性肝损伤模型,探讨藏药帕珠丸对醉酒小鼠的解酒作用及对急性酒精性肝损伤小鼠的保肝护肝作用的影响.方法 抗醉酒研究：采用帕珠丸高中低剂量组进行灌胃干预,以生理盐水作为对照,观测小鼠翻正反射情况、攀附能力.保肝作用研究：正常、模型对照组予生理盐水,联苯双酯组和帕珠丸高中低剂量组予相应剂量药物进行灌胃（15天）,末次灌胃后除正常对照组外,其余各组予酒精灌胃制作急性酒精性肝损伤模型,检测其血清AST、ALT、ADH含量及肝脏组织中的MDA、GSH含量.结果 与模型组比较,帕珠丸各剂量组可明显延长小鼠翻正反射消失时间并缩短小鼠翻正反射恢复时间（P＜0.05）,延长小鼠攀附时间（P＜0.05）.与正常对照组比,急性酒精肝损伤模型对照组血清ALT、AST、ADH含量及肝组织中MDA均明显升高,肝组织中GSH明显降低（P＜0.05）.与模型对照组比,帕珠丸各剂量组可降低血清ALT、AST、ADH及肝组织中的MDA含量,升高肝脏GSH含量（P＜0.05）.结论 帕珠丸具有较好的防醉、解酒功能,其可能通过降低肝组织MDA、升高GSH含量对急性酒精性肝损伤发挥保肝护肝作用.     

溪黄草水提取物解酒保肝作用的实验研究

目的 研究溪黄草水提取物的解酒保肝作用.方法 采用小鼠灌胃给予酒的方法,观察溪黄草水提取物对醉酒率和酒后自主活动的影响,考察其解酒作用;采用酒精致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,观察溪黄草水提取物对天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)、乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)的影响,考察其保肝作用.结果 溪黄草水提取物能显著抑制小鼠酒后的自主活动减少,并能降低醉酒率;同时也能抑制酒精所致小鼠血清ALT、AST活性的升高及肝组织GST、ADH活性升高和MDA含量增加.结论 溪黄草水提取物既具有较好的解酒作用,又具有显著的保肝作用.     

醒酒护肝口服液对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

据医学论坛网报道,广东省粤北人民医院李庆德等研究发现醒酒护肝口服液对酒精性肝损伤有保护作用。研究者们选取建立小鼠急性酒精肝损伤模型,监测血中乙醇浓度,以评价醒酒护肝口服液对乙醇清除速率的作用;建立小鼠慢性酒精性肝损伤模型,以血液生化指标天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、肝指数及肝组织病理学检查评价醒酒护肝口服液的护肝作用。结果显示,醒酒护肝口服液组小鼠血中乙醇代谢速率加快,浓度降低;药物组均可降低肝损伤小鼠AST、ALT、肝损伤评分     

葛根复合胶囊对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用研究

目的研究葛根复合胶囊对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用灌胃50%酒精(12m L/kg)的方式建立小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤模型,研究不同剂量(100,300,500mg/kg)葛根复合胶囊(CCPL)对酒精性肝损伤小鼠活动状态,血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),肝脏氧化应激参数丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px),以及肝脏组织病理学的影响。结果中、高剂量CCPL可显著降低酒精性肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT和AST活性,并能显著升高肝脏中GSH-Px活性(P<0.05或P<0.01)。低、中、高剂量CCPL均可显著降低酒精性肝损伤小鼠肝脏中MDA含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),且具有量效关系,最大降幅为54.4%;其中高剂量组与阳性对照护肝片效果相当。此外,CCPL对酒精性肝损伤小鼠肝脏组织的病理学改变有较强拮抗效应。结论葛根复合胶囊对小鼠酒精性肝损伤具有较好的保护作用,能为以葛根为主要原料开发具有解酒护肝功效的膳食补充剂或药物奠定了基础。     

加减葛花解酲汤对小鼠急性乙醇中毒的干预作用

目的 观察加减葛花解酲汤对小鼠急性乙醇中毒的干预作用。方法 将40只昆明种雄性小鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,加减葛花解酲汤低、中、高剂量组,每组8只。采用白酒灌胃复制小鼠急性乙醇中毒模型。给药后处死小鼠,取全血测定乙醇含量,取肝脏组织匀浆后分别检测超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）含量。结果 随着加减葛花解酲汤浓度的升高,急性乙醇中毒小鼠的醉酒耐受时间逐渐延长,醒酒时间逐渐缩短。与模型组比较,加减葛花解酲汤低、中、高剂量组小鼠全血乙醇浓度明显降低（P<0.05）,加减葛花解酲汤中、高剂量组小鼠肝组织中SOD水平显著升高（P<0.05）,高剂量组MDA水平显著降低（P<0.05）。结论 加减葛花解酲汤能明显降低血液乙醇浓度和肝组织中MDA水平,升高SOD水平,具备较好的解酒功效,其解酒的机制可能与保护肝细胞的作用有关。     

橄榄解酒饮对大小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤脂质代谢的影响

目的 :观察橄榄解酒饮对大、小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的防治效果 ,初步探讨其对脂质代谢的影响。方法 :采用白酒灌胃法造模 5d ,计算肝指数 ,检测血清及肝匀浆Tch、TG ,并与护肝胶囊对照。结果 :小鼠实验显示 :橄榄解酒饮各组均可降低肝指数 ,而对照组无统计学意义。大鼠实验显示 ,橄榄解酒饮各组和对照组均可显著降低肝指数和血清及肝匀浆Tch、TG水平 ,中剂量组优于对照组。结论 :橄榄解酒饮能明显降低大、小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的肝指数、血清及肝匀浆Tch、TG水平 ,而起到保肝作用     

裸花紫珠解酒作用的实验研究

目的研究裸花紫珠的解酒作用。方法将健康昆明种小鼠随机分为实验组(高、中、低剂量组)、模型组、空白对照组、阳性对照组,通过小鼠平衡失调实验,记录3 min内从转棒上掉落小鼠数;通过乙醇致小鼠睡眠时间的影响实验,计算小鼠耐受时间和维持时间;通过乙醇致小鼠急性中毒作用试验,计算小鼠死亡率;通过制备小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤模型,测定血清ALT、AST指标含量。结果裸花紫珠可明显对抗酒精造成的平衡失调现象,能缩短醉酒引起的睡眠时间;能明显降低乙醇急性中毒小鼠死亡率;能显著降低血清中ALT、AST的含量,表明其对酒精性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。结论裸花紫珠具有明显的解酒作用。     

绿葛沙解酒饮对酒精性肝损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的：探讨绿葛沙解酒饮对小鼠急性酒精（乙醇）性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：采用酒精（乙醇）肝损伤模型小鼠,以海王金樽片为阳性对照组,观察绿葛沙解酒饮低中高剂量组对模型小鼠肝脏中MDA、GSH、TG的影响。结果：绿葛沙解酒饮低、中、高剂量组均有抑制乙醇诱导的肝脏中MDA、TG含量的升高和提高肝脏中GSH活力的作用。结论：绿葛沙解酒饮对急性酒精性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.