四个燕麦品种在喀什半山区引种试验初报

为了解决新疆喀什半山区饲草不足的问题,为优质饲草料种植及推广提供科学依据,引种白燕2号、白燕19号、燕科2号和坝莜12号四个燕麦品种,在叶城县半山区乌夏巴什镇开展品比试验。结果表明:引进的四个燕麦品种存在产量差异,在相同播种量下,干草产量分别为743.30 kg/667 m~2、712.25 kg/667 m~2、709.5 kg/667 m~2和693.86 kg/667 m~2,种子产量分别为173.42 kg/667 m~2、140.56 kg/667 m~2、163.78 kg/667 m~2和148.8 kg/667 m~2。四个品种均具有抗逆性,可以完全成熟,适合在喀什地区半山区生长,可作为饲草料作物推广种植,其中白燕2号的综合性能表现最佳,推广价值相对较高。     

青贮专用玉米品种新青1号产量稳定性分析

为了探讨青贮专用玉米品种新青1号的产量潜力和适应范围,采用DPS系统,按S.A.Ebechart和W.A.Russel提出的品种稳定性参数法,评估新青1号丰产性、稳定性和适应性,为品种推广及合理布局提供依据.结果表明,新青1号全株生物产量5 254.57 kg/666.7 m2,比对照新多2号增产21.6％,6个试验点全部增产,位于参试品种首位.变异系数3.042579,回归系数1.2397.说明新青1号在参试品种中丰产性最好,增产潜力最大,稳定性最强,具有广泛的适应性.     

优良饲草料品种引种试验研究

为筛选出适合哈密种植推广的优良饲草料品种,于2016年在哈密二堡对高丹草、新饲玉12和新贵一号进行了田间试验.试验发现,高丹草性状和产量均表现最佳,其分蘖和再生能力强.高丹草、新饲玉12和新贵一号的平均株高分别为186.4-285cm、342cm和358cm,鲜草亩产量分别为14799.63kg、6713.31kg和6678.1kg,干草亩产量分别为4439.89kg、2815.25kg和1858.53kg.综上所述,三种引种品种的草产量均高于本地种植品种,适合在哈密进行推广种植.     

引进优质高产青饲玉米品比试验

玉米是名副其实的饲料之王[1](我国玉米70％以上用作饲料),随着畜牧产业化的快速发展,饲料饲草需求量日益增加,为了服务于新疆畜牧业的发展,筛选出适宜当地栽培的青贮饲料玉米品种.2014年在塔城市齐巴尔吉迭新区牧民定居点建立了试验示范点,引进新玉13号、新玉17号、新玉24号、新玉27号、kws2564、kws5383、金早1号、桂青贮1号以及科多8号9个饲料玉米品种进行了品比试验.通过物候期观察,以及对其高度、产量、茎重、棒子重进行测定,结果表明,9个供试玉米品种中有4个品种适宜在塔城种植,其中新玉17号、新玉24号两个玉米品种适应性强,表现最好,可以作为塔城乃至新疆北疆各地区大面积推广的首选青贮饲料玉米品种.     

不同苜蓿品种田间杂草及害虫分布规律研究

本研究以国内外32个紫花苜蓿品种为试验材料,在新疆呼图壁旱生牧草基地开展杂草及害虫对苜蓿产量的影响试验。结果表明:播种当年甘农5号干草产量最高为11069.40 kg/hm^2,干草产量在10000 kg/hm^2以上的还有冲击波、SR4030、阿迪娜、新牧4号、甘农9号、甘农3号、WL354HQ、中苜1号、北极熊。苗期和分枝期调查不同品种杂草及虫害发生情况,发现试验小区的杂草种类主要为狗尾草、龙葵、灰绿藜,害虫种类为斑蚜、豌豆芽、蓟马,产量靠前的品种试验小区杂草及虫害发生率都较低,且杂草对苜蓿产草量的影响要大于虫害。     

不同玉米及饲用甜高粱复播试验

利用4个复播玉米品种和饲用甜高粱(大力士)在同等栽培管理条件下进行生产力和营养成分比较分析。结果表明,饲用甜高粱的鲜草产量最高,达135 258.9 kg/hm2,石玉901复播玉米产量高达70 642.6 kg/hm2,其次新玉29号(65 136 kg/hm2)、承担3号(54 433.35 kg/hm2)、新玉905号(52 026 kg/hm2)。饲用甜高粱的鲜草产量显著高于其它复播玉米品种,而且营养成分含量与其它玉米品种无显著差异。     

25个紫花苜蓿品种在北疆平原荒漠区的生产性能评价

2016-2018年,以国内外25个紫花苜蓿品种为试验材料,在新疆呼图壁试验区开展生产性能评价试验,研究结果表明:WL343HQ的三年干草总产量最高为3 259.81 kg/667 m2,产量都在3 100 kg/667 m2以上的品种依次还有巨能2号、耐盐之星、擎天柱、甘农9号和甘农5号,均较新疆本地品种产量高,且具有较强的再生和抗虫能力,是适宜于北疆平原荒漠区推广应用的品种。     

多穗青贮专用玉米“新多2号”全国农业重点普及新技术国家农业“丰收计划”重点推广品种

新疆畜牧科学院草原研究所是新疆唯一一家以草业科学为基础的研究单位 ,是中国农学会新技术普及重点依托单位。由我所培育并经农业部批准审定为育成品种的多穗青贮专用玉米“新多 2号” ,已在全疆 1 2个地 (州 )、30余个县 (市 )以及 30多个农牧 (团 )场试种和大面积推广种植 ,近几年累计推广种植 1 0余万亩。本品种以具多分蘖 (单株平均分蘖 3- 4个 )、多果穗 (单株平均成果穗 7- 8个 ) ,产量高 (青贮产量平均 5吨 /亩 ,最高达 8吨以上 ) ,品质好 (高蛋白、低纤维、叶量丰富 ) ,青贮饲喂牲畜利用率高等优良特性而著称。其增产潜力、经济效…     

16个苜蓿品种在新疆巴里坤头年长势评价

本文以国内外16个紫花苜蓿品种作为供试材料,在新疆巴里坤县开展牧草区域适应性试验,从第一年的试验结果来看:(1)种植当年所有的品种都可以达到分枝期,从时间上来看差异不大;(2)WL343、康赛、中苜一号和勇士分枝期茎叶比之间存在显著差异;(3)产草量前四的苜蓿品种分别为WL232、WL343、阿尔冈金和三得利,各苜蓿品种之间产草量不存在显著差异.     

自然干旱胁迫对3种新麦草生理特性的影响

为确定哈密市草原工作站申报的莫钦乌拉新麦草品种的抗旱性能,通过对3种新麦草植株电导率、叶绿素含量、SOD活性、CAT活性、丙二醛等指标进行检测,发现测定指标中均存在一定差异。利用隶属函数分析法对测定指标进行分析,结果表明：3种新麦草苗期抗旱性测定中,莫钦乌拉新麦草的抗旱性最好,蒙农4号新麦草次之,紫泥泉新麦草较之前2个品种略差。     

Multislice CT: 64 slices and beyond

Since the first introduction of 4-slice multislice computed tomography (MSCT) more than 6 years ago, MSCT imaging has achieved widespread acceptance and became a standard of care in routine clinical practice by offering high-speed, non-invasive, thin-slice diagnostic scanning for a wide range of clinical applications in radiology and cardiology. In the past year, the industry has witnessed an explosive increase in the amount of data obtained by MSCT and in the number at acquired slices to 32 and 64. While some experts have argued that a 16-slice system is sufficient from a practical standpoint, a closer examination of 32- and 64-slice systems offers new and superior clinical benefits over and above 16-slice technology, especially in imaging of the coronary arteries and in multiphase and functional studies. With the introduction of 32-slice computed tomography (CT) systems, the routinely acquired slice thicknesses have been reduced to 0.5 mm and 1 mm. At these slice thickness levels, it is possible to acquire isotropic volume data sets in all CT scans. Recently, diagnosis based on isotropic volume data has become the standard in CT imaging as it offers far greater clinical benefits than previous 16-slice CT technology. While many of the clinical benefits of a 64-slice CT system center around imaging the heart, there are several distinct areas in the radiology practice that benefit as well. One key area is in the field of interventional neuroradiology and the ability to separate venous from arterial flow using computed tomography angiography (CTA). The evolution of MSCT has opened up new frontiers in diagnostic imaging that were unimaginable just a few years ago.     

Issues in the use of kappa

Since its introduction in 1960, the family of kappa statistics has been scrutinized for theoretical and methodological problems. A summary of recommendations made by researchers in the area is given in Table 3. Citations listing the various forms and applications of kappa are provided to assist researchers in finding the form of kappa appropriate to their needs. Readers interested in more technical treatments of any of the issues discussed herein may find the appended references helpful.     

Overview of deep learning in medical imaging

The use of machine learning (ML) has been increasing rapidly in the medical imaging field, including computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), radiomics, and medical image analysis. Recently, an ML area called deep learning emerged in the computer vision field and became very popular in many fields. It started from an event in late 2012, when a deep-learning approach based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) won an overwhelming victory in the best-known worldwide computer vision competition, ImageNet Classification. Since then, researchers in virtually all fields, including medical imaging, have started actively participating in the explosively growing field of deep learning. In this paper, the area of deep learning in medical imaging is overviewed, including (1) what was changed in machine learning before and after the introduction of deep learning, (2) what is the source of the power of deep learning, (3) two major deep-learning models: a massive-training artificial neural network (MTANN) and a convolutional neural network (CNN), (4) similarities and differences between the two models, and (5) their applications to medical imaging. This review shows that ML with feature input (or feature-based ML) was dominant before the introduction of deep learning, and that the major and essential difference between ML before and after deep learning is the learning of image data directly without object segmentation or feature extraction; thus, it is the source of the power of deep learning, although the depth of the model is an important attribute. The class of ML with image input (or image-based ML) including deep learning has a long history, but recently gained popularity due to the use of the new terminology, deep learning. There are two major models in this class of ML in medical imaging, MTANN and CNN, which have similarities as well as several differences. In our experience, MTANNs were substantially more efficient in their development, had a higher performance, and required a lesser number of training cases than did CNNs. “Deep learning”, or ML with image input, in medical imaging is an explosively growing, promising field. It is expected that ML with image input will be the mainstream area in the field of medical imaging in the next few decades.     

Procedural cost accounting: a survival tactic.

With the recent introduction of PPS and DRGs, nonprofit institutions in our industry have had to make major modifications in their methodology for fiscal soundness. One area that must be addressed is cost accounting and, more specifically, procedure cost accounting. Many hospital department managers have no formal training or education in cost accounting. Likewise, very few physicians receive cost-accounting training in their residency programs. Therefore, in the past, there has been little emphasis on this fiscal procedure. Cost accounting is the recording and classifying of the price paid for anything. The costs associated with a specific procedure are assembled into categories and compiled into a base figure with any additional indirect components or overhead costs taken into account. The resulting figure is then corrected for the institution's collection rate to assure complete recovery of all costs. This method is by no means the answer to every organization's needs; however, it is a starting place for managers. Radiology managers can improve upon this worksheet as their knowledge and understanding of the fiscal side of the hospital continues to grow. With more accurate methods for determining costs, managers can incorporate these into the process. The result will contribute to the final goal, a more efficient and cost effective operation.     

波特鸭茅在云南省的引种研究

波特鸭茅具有耐寒，耐贫瘠，瘠，耐牧，适口性好，持久性强等优点，云南省不同气候种栽培结果表明，该品种在云南省北亚热带至中亚热带生长表现优二多年生黑麦草和苇状羊茅，在温带地区与多年和黑麦草和苇状羊茅相近，但持久性和耐盆瘠能力更强，在高寒地区生长和如猫尾草。适宜的推广种植范围为暖温带至中亚热带。     

The effects of PACS on radiographer's work practice

This paper identifies and analyses the effects of picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) on radiographers' work practice. It shows that the introduction of PACS did not simply entail the transfer of data and information from the analogue world to the digital world, but it also led to the introduction of new ways of communicating, and new activities and responsibilities on the part of radiography staff. Radiographers are called upon to work increasingly independently, and individual practitioners require higher levels of professional expertise. In all, this paper demonstrates that new technical solutions sometimes lead to substantial changes in responsibilities in work. In this example, the radiographers' work practice has become more highly scientific and they are enjoying a higher level of prestige.     

Some aspects of outpatient care in the modem world

The problems of improvement of outpatient care are considered, methodology of more active implementation of hospitalization technologies, the use of day care, hospital at home is proposed. It is emphasized that the introduction of hospitalization technology makes it less than treatment in hospital costs to improve quality of life for huge numbers of patients.     

Research in digital mammography and tomosynthesis at the University of Toronto

There have been major advances in the field of breast cancer imaging since the early 1970s, both in technological improvements and in the use of the methods of medical physics and image analysis to optimize image quality. The introduction of digital mammography in 2000 provided a marked improvement in imaging of dense breasts. In addition, it became possible to produce tomographic and functional images on modified digital mammography systems. Digital imaging also greatly facilitated the extraction of quantitative information from images. My laboratory has been fortunate in being able to participate in some of these exciting developments. I will highlight some of the areas of our research interest which include modeling of the image formation process, development of high-resolution X-ray detectors for digital mammography and investigating new methods for analyzing image quality. I will also describe our more recent work on developing new applications of digital mammography including tomosynthesis, contrast-enhanced mammography, and measurement of breast density. Finally, I will point to a new area for our research—the application of the techniques of medical imaging to making pathology more quantitative to contribute to use of biomarkers for better characterizing breast cancer and directing therapeutic decisions.     

A fully continuous system of DNA profile evidence evaluation that can utilise STR profile data produced under different conditions within a single analysis

The introduction of probabilistic DNA interpretation systems has made it possible to evaluate many profiles that previously (under a manual interpretation system) were not. These probabilistic systems have been around for a number of years and it is becoming more common that their use within a laboratory has spanned at least one technology change. This may be a change in laboratory hardware, the DNA profiling kit used, or the manner in which the profile is generated. Up until this point, when replicates DNA profiles are generated, that span a technological change, the ability to utilise all the information in all replicates has been limited or non-existent. In this work we explain and derive the models required to evaluate (what we term) multi-kit analysis problems. We demonstrate the use of the multi-kit feature on a number of scenarios where such an analysis would be desired within a laboratory. Allowing the combination of profiling data that spans a technological change will further increase the amount of DNA profile information produced in a laboratory that can be evaluated.     

Helicopter accident survivability

Army Air Corps accident and fatality rates have now reached levels which compare favourably with data from other civilian and military sources. This improvement is the result of enhanced helicopter design and parallel progress in aircrew training. The introduction of new generations of turbine powered rotor craft has largely eliminated mechanical failure as the cause of accident. As a result 75% of Army Air Corps accidents are due to pilot error. This contribution is likely to increase in the future as the pilot's task is made more difficult by the incumberance of personal equipment. Methods whereby occupant protection and aircraft crashworthiness can be improved are reviewed and it is concluded that it would make sound economic sense to implement some of these well proven design features.