局部晚期的早期子宫颈癌综合治疗模式探讨

目的:探讨局部晚期的早期宫颈癌(IB2和IIA期)综合治疗的模式。方法:2000年1月至2002年10月,我们以新辅化疗后 放疗后,行宫颈癌根治术,治疗宫颈肿瘤≥4cm的局部晚期的早期宫颈癌224例,术后根据盆腔淋巴结转移、宫颈间质深层浸润、脉管内癌栓、组织分化差等高危因素给予化疗和外照射治疗。回顾性分析同期收治的IB2~IIA期宫颈癌100例,作为对照组,均行术前腔内后装放疗 宫颈癌根治术。结果:治疗组与对照组癌细胞消失率差异有显著性(P=0.006);癌细胞浅肌层浸润率差异也有显著性(P=0.002);深肌层浸润率差异无显著性(P=0.316)。盆腔淋巴结转移率比较:髂血管区>闭孔区>骶前区同时合并髂血管区。结论:新辅助化疗 术前后装联合手术治疗是局部晚期的早期宫颈癌综合治疗的较佳模式。宫颈癌术中有必要做骶前区淋巴结清扫。     

局部晚期的早期子宫颈癌综合治疗模式探讨

目的：探讨局部晚期的早期宫颈癌（IB2和IIA期）综合治疗的模式。方法：2000年1月至2002年10月,我们以新辅化疗后＋放疗后,行宫颈癌根治术,治疗宫颈肿瘤≥4cm的局部晚期的早期宫颈癌224例,术后根据盆腔淋巴结转移、宫颈间质深层浸润、脉管内癌栓、组织分化差等高危因素给予化疗和外照射治疗。回顾性分析同期收治的IB2-IIA期宫颈癌100例,作为对照组,均行术前腔内后装放疗＋宫颈癌根治术。结果：治疗组与对照组癌细胞消失率差异有显著性（P=0.006）;癌细胞浅肌层浸润率差异也有显著性（P=0.002）;深肌层浸润率差异无显著性（P=0.316）。盆腔淋巴结转移率比较：髂血管区〉闭孔区〉骶前区同时合并髂血管区。结论：新辅助化疗＋术前后装联合手术治疗是局部晚期的早期宫颈癌综合治疗的较佳模式。宫颈癌术中有必要做骶前区淋巴结清扫。     

同期放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的临床研究

目的:评价同期放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的临床疗效及毒副反应。方法:118例局部晚期鼻咽癌患者,用抽签法随机分为放化组(60例)和单放组(58例),放化组常规放疗同时给予顺铂(DDP)+亚叶酸钙(CF)+5氟尿嘧啶(5FU)化疗2～3个周期;单放组行常规放疗。结果:118例患者全部完成治疗,鼻咽肿瘤完全缓解率放化组和单放组分别为90.0%(54/60)和70.7%(41/58),差异有统计学意义,P=0.008;颈淋巴结完全缓解率放化组和单放组分别为85.2%(46/54)和60.0%(30/50),差异有统计学意义,P=0.004;放化组3和5年生存率明显高于单放组,P值分别为0.007和0.017;放化组毒副反应明显高于单放组,放化组远处转移率明显低于单放组,P=0.022;两组晚期损伤及并发症比较无统计学意义。结论:同期放化疗治疗能提高局部晚期鼻咽癌的生存率和局部控制率,减少远处转移;放化联合治疗毒性反应可耐受。     

吉西他滨增敏同期放疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的：评价吉西他滨作为放疗增敏剂联合同期放疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的近期疗效和急性毒副反应.方法：同期放化组：42例采用吉西他滨化疗增敏同期联合放疗治疗不能手术切除的局部晚期（Ⅲ期）NSCLC患者,放疗同期第1、8、15、22、29、36天在放疗前4 h给予400 mg/m^2吉西他滨化疗,放射治疗采用6/15 MV X线,每次2 Gy/ d,5次/周,原发灶50 Gy后缩野加量,DT 60～70 Gy;有锁骨上淋巴结转移者,给予X线和电子线混合照射至DT 60～66 Gy.单纯放疗组：40例放射治疗方法与同期放化组相同.结果：同期放化组与单纯放疗组肺原发灶有效率分别为90.5%（38/42）和70.0%（28/40）,P=0.039;纵隔淋巴结转移灶有效率分别为90.5%（38/42）和82.5%（33/40）,P＞0.05;中位生存期分别为12.6和10.3个月,两组急性毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎和肝功能受损等,经处理后均可耐受.结论：吉西他滨化疗同期联合放疗局部晚期NSCLC与单纯放疗的比较,近期疗效有提高,急性毒副反应增加不明显,可耐受,吉西他滨有放疗增敏作用.     

原发性肝癌合并门静脉瘤栓的化疗栓塞治疗

将116例合并门静脉主干或左右大分支瘤栓的原发性肝癌分为三组,A组32例,采用单纯肝动脉灌注化疗法;B组66例,采用常规肝动脉化疗加碘油和明胶海绵栓塞法;C组18 例,采用肝段或亚肝段动脉化疗加碘油和明胶海绵栓塞。结果示,A组6、12、18和24个月生存率分别为25 .0%(8/32)、9 .4%(3/32)、3 1%(1/32)和0(0/32),门脉瘤栓消失率为3 .1% (1/32); B 组6、12、18 和24 个月生存率分别为53 .0% (35/66)、25. 8% (17/66)、9 .1%(6/66)和3 0%(2/66),门脉瘤栓消失率为19 .7%(13/66);C组6、12、18 和24 个月生存率分别为72 .2%(13/18)、44 .4%(8/18)、22. 2%(4/18)和11. 1%(2/18),门脉瘤栓消失率为44 .4%(8/18)。各组生存率(P<0 .05)及门脉瘤栓消失率(P<0 .01)差异均有统计学意义。初步观察结果提示,经肝动脉化疗及栓塞法是治疗合并门脉瘤栓原发性肝癌的有效方法,且栓塞法优于单纯灌注化疗法,特别是肝段或亚肝段动脉化疗栓塞法疗效更好。     

中晚期肝癌患者49例临床治疗方法探讨

为了探讨中晚期肝癌的临床治疗价值,将49例不能接受手术的中晚期肝癌患者分3组采用不同的方法治疗。18例接受单纯放射治疗（RT）;18例接受单纯的肝动脉导管化疗栓塞（TACE）;13例采用肝动脉导管化疗栓塞加放疗（TACE＋RT）。结果49例患者的1、2、3年生存率分别为61.2％、32．6％和14．3％,各组1、2、3年生存率分别为TACE组38．9％、5．6％和0,RT组66．7％、38．9％和16．7％,TACE＋RT组84．6％、53．8％和30．8％。TACE组与RT组之间及TACE＋RT组与RT组之间差异均无统计学意义,P均〉0．05;TACE＋RT组与TACE组之间差异有统计学意义,P〈0．05。初步研究结果提示,中晚期肝癌在临床治疗上TACE＋RT的疗效优于单纯RT及单纯TACE,由此对失去手术机会的中晚期肝癌仍可积极治疗,TACE＋RT联合治疗为首选治疗。     

Combination treatment of localized concurrent chemoradiation therapy and transarterial chemoembolization in locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with intrahepatic metastasis

Purpose

Although sorafenib has been approved for treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its high cost, frequent adverse events, and unsatisfactory efficacy remain unresolved. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the combination treatment of localized concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) for locally advanced HCC with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for intrahepatic metastasis.

Methods

Between January 2006 and June 2011, 30 patients with HCC with portal vein invasion and intrahepatic metastasis were enrolled. After TACE for intrahepatic metastasis, localized CCRT (45 Gy over 5 weeks with conventional fractionation and hepatic artery infusional chemotherapy using 5-fluorouracil as a radiosensitizer, administered during the first and fifth weeks of radiotherapy) was used to treat main HCC with PVT. The modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST) were used to evaluate tumor response.

Results

The median age of the patients (26 men, 4 women) was 51 years. Objective response rates were 30.0 % (9/30) and 32.1 % (9/28) in the intention-to-treat and per protocol analyses, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 4.5 and 9.8 months, respectively. Baseline α-fetoprotein (AFP) correlated significantly with PFS (P = 0.008), whereas baseline AFP, completion of the protocol, and overall radiological response influenced OS significantly (all P < 0.05). All adverse events were predictable and manageable with conservative care.

Conclusions

Combination treatment of localized CCRT and TACE was effective and tolerable in patients with locally advanced HCC with PVT and intrahepatic metastasis. This protocol may be an alternative option when sorafenib cannot be prescribed.     

Combination treatment of trans-arterial chemo-embolisation,radiotherapy and hyperthermia (CERT) for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombosis: Interim analysis of prospective phase II trial

Objectives This study evaluated the objective response to and toxicity of trans-arterial chemo-embolisation (TACE) followed by radiotherapy and hyperthermia (CERT) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumour thrombosis. Methods The study design was a single-centre prospective phase II trial. Patients were first treated with TACE, with the first hyperthermia session 1 week later. Respiration-gated radiotherapy (RT) was delivered in 10 fractions of 3–5?Gy after another week. Six sessions of hyperthermia were delivered twice a week according to an energy escalation protocol. Response evaluation was planned at 1 month after RT completion using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Toxicity was determined using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. Results Interim analysis was conducted on patients enrolled from October 2013 to November 2014. During this period, 46 patients (90.2%) who received at least one hyperthermia session were eligible and enrolled. Median follow-up was 6.7 months (range 2.0–15.0 months). Complete response was observed in 10 (21.7%) patients and partial response in 27 (47.8%). Most toxicities were grade I or II. One death was related to severe pneumonia of unknown cause in the left lung and one patient could not complete planned treatment because of continuous elevation of bilirubin after TACE. Late, asymptomatic gastroduodenal toxicities were noticed in 13 (28.3%) patients. Conclusion Preliminary evaluation of CERT showed a promising response rate with acceptable toxicities.     

放疗联合方克顺铂同步或序贯化疗治疗老年晚期食管癌的临床研究

目的评价放疗联合方克顺铂同步或序贯化疗治疗老年食管癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法将62例〉70a的老年食管癌病人随机分成两组,同步放化疗组（31例）：放疗d1即同时开始化疗;序贯放化疗组31例：入组后先予化疗2个周期,再单独予放疗,放疗结束后再化疗2～3个周期,放疗采用6～Coy常规分割放疗,1．8～2．0Gy／次,5次／wk,总剂量64～68Gy／6～7wk完成。结果同步组和序贯组的有效率分别为93．6％、83．9％,1a、3a局部控制率分别为77．4％与67．7％和48．4％与38．7％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（χ^2=3．02,P=0．065）。同步组和序贯组的1a、3a生存率分别为74．2％与64．5％和45．1％与32.3％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2．32,P=0．073）。同步组的血液学毒性、放射性食管炎以及放射性肺炎均高于序贯组,多数为1以级。结论老年晚期食管癌病人同步治疗组较序贯治疗组的疗效提高,生存期延长,毒副作用增加,但病人可以耐受。     

Identifying the optimal criteria of radiotherapeutic parameters for patients with unresectable locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

The purpose of this study is to identify the optimal criteria of the radiotherapeutic parameters in patients with unresectable locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 103 patients were enrolled in this study. All patients received RT delivered using the TomoTherapy Hi-Art system between March 2006 and February 2012. We evaluated the planning target volume (PTV), total dose (Gy₁₀), and NTNL-V_BED20 (non-target normal liver volume receiving more than a biologically effective dose of 20 Gy₈) as significant radiotherapeutic parameters associated with hepatic function deterioration and local progression-free survival (PFS). A PTV of 279 cm³ or 304 cm³, a total dose of 60 Gy₁₀, and a NTNL-V_BED20 of 40.8% were identified as the optimal cut-off values of radiotherapeutic parameters to prevent hepatic function deterioration and prolong local PFS. Based on these findings, patients were divided in a favorable and an unfavorable prognosis group. The differences in median local PFS, overall survival, and incidence of deteriorated hepatic function between the two groups were 11.2 months, 11.1 months, and 71.7%, respectively (p < 0.001 in each case). In conclusion, we suggest that the optimal criteria of the radiotherapeutic parameters for patients with unresectable locally advanced HCC are: PTV ≤ 279 cm³, total dose > 60 Gy₁₀, and NTNL-V_BED20 ≤ 40.8%.     

三维适形放疗和同步化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的 :比较三维适形放疗与普通放疗结合同步化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效及毒副反应。方法 :64例ⅢA/ⅢB期NSCLC随机分成两组 ,三维适形放疗组采用三维适形放疗技术 ,每次 3～ 6Gy ,1次 /d ,照射 10～ 2 0次 ,肿瘤灶总生物有效量为 80～ 90Gy。普通放疗组放疗量在60～ 66Gy。两组同时给予长春瑞滨 2 5mg/m2 ,放疗开始的d1、d8、d2 9、d3 6、d57、d64、d85、d92 静脉滴入 ;卡铂 3 0 0mg/m2 ,放疗开始的d1、d2 9、d57、d85静脉滴入。结果 :三维适形放疗组有效率 96 88% (3 1/ 3 2 ) ,其中CR为17例 ,PR为 14例。普通放疗组有效率为81 2 5 % ,其中CR为 9例 ,PR为 15例。三维适形放疗组的有效率明显高于普通放疗组 ,P =0 0 19。三维适形放疗组和普通放疗组的 1、2年生存率分别为 84 3 8%、40 63 %和 78 13 %、2 3 5 6% ,中位生存时间分别为19个月、16个月 ,其差异有统计学意义 ,P =0 0 189。适形放疗组III度放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎发生率分别为 6 2 5 % (2 / 3 2 )、3 13 % (1/ 3 2 ) ,低于普通放疗组的 46.9%(15 / 3 2 )和 18.8% (6/ 3 2 ) ,两组间差异有统计学意义 ,P =0 0 0 0 ,P =0 0 0 1。结论 :三维适形放疗和同步化疗是ⅢA/ⅢB期非小细胞肺癌安全有效的治疗手段 ,值得进一步临     

新辅助化疗联合同期放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的毒副反应及近期疗效

Background and Objective:Concurrent chemoradiation therapy(CCRT) is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).The effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by CCRT has not been determined.Therefore,we conducted 2 phase Ⅱ studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a regimen of docetaxel,cisplatin,and 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu)(TPF) followed by radiotherapy and concurrent cisplatin in patients with stage-Ⅲ and -Ⅳ(A -B) NPC.This articl...     

Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with major portal vein thrombosis by combined therapy with subcutaneous interferon-alpha and intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil; role of type 1 interferon receptor expression

We previously reported the beneficial effects of combination therapy of interferon (IFN)-alpha/5-fluorouracil (FU) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumour thrombi in the major portal branches. This report describes the results of longer follow-up and includes more than double the number of patients relative to the original report, and evaluates the role of IFN-alpha/type 2 interferon receptor (IFNAR2) expression on the response to the combination therapy. The study subjects were 55 patients with advanced HCC and tumour thrombi in the major branches of the portal vein (Vp3 or 4). They were treated with at least two courses of IFN-alpha/5-FU without major complication. In the 55 patients, 24 (43.6%) showed objective response (eight (14.5%) showed complete response, 16 (29.1%) partial response), four (7.3%) showed no response, and 27 (49.1%) showed progressive disease. Immunohistochemically, IFNAR2 expression was detected in nine out of 13 (69.2%) patients. There was significant difference in the time-to-progression survival (P = 0.0002) and the overall survival (P < 0.0001) between IFNAR2-positive and -negative cases. There was a significant correlation between IFNAR2 expression and response to IFN-alpha/5-FU combination therapy in univariate analysis (P = 0.0070). IFN-alpha/5-FU combination therapy is a promising modality for advanced HCC with tumour thrombi in the major portal branches and could significantly depend on IFNAR2 expression.     

Treatment of portal vein tumor thrombosis of hepatoma patients with either stereotactic radiotherapy or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy

BACKGROUND: Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often have unresectable tumors. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the limited alternative treatments that can prolong these patients' survival. However, the presence of portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is a contraindication for TACE and, therefore, HCC patients with PVTT would be depleted of the advantage of TACE. The purpose of this study was to analyze the recanalization rate of thrombosed portal vein and treatment toxicities after stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT). METHODS: From March 2002 to November 2004, 43 patients were enrolled in this prospective study. Twenty-two patients were in the SRT group and 21 in the 3DCRT group. For SRT, 3 Gy per fraction, 3 fractions per week, was given to a total dose of 45 Gy. For 3DCRT, a daily dose of 1.8 Gy, 5 fractions per week, was given to a total dose of 45 Gy. RESULTS: Of the 43 patients, 16 completed the planned radiotherapy. Eventually, 14 patients received evaluation for portal vein recanalization, 8 in the SRT and 6 in the 3DCRT group, respectively. For all patients, the crude response rate was 26%. For 14 evaluable patients, the crude response rate was 79%. It was 75% in the SRT group and 83% in the 3DCRT group (P = 0.71). The median survival time was 6.0 and 6.7 months for the SRT and 3DCRT group, respectively (P = 0.911). CONCLUSIONS: Image-based radiotherapy, either SRT or 3DCRT, can recanalize the PVTT in unresectable HCC patients. Responders also had better 1 year and 2 year survivals. A more strict patient selection criterion may maximize the potential benefits of radiotherapy for hepatoma patients with PVTT.     

紫杉醇和顺铂同步放化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床分析

目的探讨常规剂量紫杉醇和顺铂同步放化疔治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效。方法42例ⅢA和ⅢB期的非小细胞肺癌患者，采用常规放疗，肿瘤量60Gy，在放疗的第1、4周给予紫杉醇（135mg/m^2）和顺铂（70mg/m^2）方案化疗2个疗程。结果完全缓解2例，部分缓解30例，总有效率为76．2％。中位生存期18个月，1、2、3年生存率分别为64．3％、30．2％、12．0％。中位疾病稳定时间12个月，1、2、3年无复发生存率分别为48．1％、21．4％、5．7％。14例局部区域复发，10例远处转移，同时局部区域复发和远处转移5例；ⅢB期复发转移较ⅢA期多见。主要剂量限制性毒性为3、4级粒细胞下降和放射性肺炎。结论常规剂量紫杉醇和顺铂同步放化疗副作用可以耐受，有望提高局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效。     

Radiotherapy combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma - a prospective clinical trial

Objective： This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of external beam radiotherapy （RT） combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） on the patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Methods： From June 1994 to April 2002, 114 patients with unresectable HCC were nonrandomized prospectively stepped into our study. All patients received TACE as initial therapy, except 54 also received combination therapy with external beam therapy. Survival failure patterns were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results： Overall survival rates in the patients in the radiotherapy group were 65%, 47%, 38% at 1,2, 3 years, respectively, improved over the non-radiotherapy group rates of 54%, 36.5%, 18% at 1, 2, 3 years, respectively. There was significant difference between two groups （P 〈 0.05）. The survival rates correlated with tumor size, number of tumors, and portal vein embolus. Conclusion： TACE combined with RT is a more effective treatment than TACE alone in patients with unresectable HCC.     

肝切除联合改良FOLFOX方案治疗肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的临床观察

目的　探讨手术联合改良ＦＯＬＦＯＸ方案治疗肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的临床价值。方法　５例肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）合并门静脉癌栓患者行肝切除联合门静脉取栓术,术后采用改良ＦＯＬＦＯＸ方案进行化疗。结果　术后随访３～２７个月,２例死亡,３例存活患者无转移复发。术后生存时间３～２７个月,平均生存１８.２个月。术后２例出现腹水,１例反应性胸水,经治疗后痊愈。化疗过程中出现３例恶心呕吐,２例神经感觉异常,２例白细胞减少,均可耐受。结论　对ＨＣＣ合并门静脉癌栓患者,肝切除联合门静脉取栓辅以改良ＦＯＬＦＯＸ方案化疗是一种有效的综合疗法。