206例感冒后咳嗽患者中西医结合治疗分析

目的探讨中西医结合治疗感冒后咳嗽的临床治疗疗效。方法 206例感冒后咳嗽患者随机分为2组,治疗组104例在给予马来酸氯苯那敏和盐酸伪麻黄碱治疗的基础上加用止嗽散化裁,对照组102例患者单纯给予马来酸氯苯那敏和盐酸伪麻黄碱治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果观察组疗效优于对照组。结论治疗组总有效率93.27%,对照组总有效率77.45%,差异具有显著性意义(P<0.05),可以认为中西医结合治疗感冒后咳嗽较单纯西药治疗有更好的疗效。     

白芥子丸穴位贴敷治疗上气道咳嗽综合征临床疗效观察

目的:探讨白芥子丸穴位贴敷治疗上气道咳嗽综合征(UACS)患者临床疗效.方法:选择57例UACS患者,随机分为对照组(27例)和治疗组(30例).对照组予以西医常规基础治疗;治疗组在对照组治疗基础上穴位敷贴白芥子丸(大椎、双侧肺俞).观察患者治疗前后日间、夜间咳嗽症状积分,同时予中医辨证分型.结果:治疗组日、夜间咳嗽症状积分降低均优于对照组,治疗组寒证热证疗效相当.结论:白芥子丸穴位贴敷配合西医常规治疗UACS疗效优于单纯西医治疗组,对寒证及热证UACS患者均有效.     

冬病夏治穴位贴敷治疗儿童咳嗽变异型哮喘分析

目的:探讨冬病夏治穴位贴敷治疗儿童变异型哮喘的临床疗效。方法:对符合纳入标准的患者随机分成两组,对照组45例采用常规雾化吸入抗炎、化痰止咳等治疗措施,治疗组85例在对照组的基础上采用冬病夏治穴位贴敷治疗,观察两组疗效。结果:经过3年观察,治疗组总有效率95.3%,对照组总有效率86.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:冬病夏治穴位贴敷配合常规用药较单纯常规用药对咳嗽变异型哮喘在减轻症状方面有一定的优势。     

止嗽散加味治疗喉源性咳嗽的临床疗效及对患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨止嗽散加味治疗喉源性咳嗽的临床疗效及对患者生活质量的影响。方法选取在我院门诊治疗的喉源性咳嗽患者60例,按照治疗方式的不同分为对照组(n=30)和治疗组(n=30)。对照组给予常规西医治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用止嗽散,均连续治疗2周。观察两组患者的临床治疗效果,记录并比较两组患者治疗前后生活质量改变情况。结果治疗组总有效率为93.33%,明显高于对照组的40.00%(P0.01)。治疗后,两组患者SF-36各维度评分均较治疗前显著升高(P0.05或P0.01),且治疗组各维度评分较对照组明显升高(P0.05或P0.01)。结论对喉源性咳嗽患者在常规西医治疗的基础上辅以止嗽散加味疗法可以明显缓解患者的临床症状,有助于患者生活质量的提高,疗效确切。     

喉源性咳嗽应用中药止嗽散治疗的效果评定

目的分析喉源性咳嗽应用中药止嗽散治疗的效果。方法选择2016年3月—2017年2月的76例喉源性咳嗽患者根据随机数字表分组,各38例。对照组采用常规药物进行治疗,中医组在对照组基础上应用中药止嗽散治疗。比较两组喉源性咳嗽治疗效果;咳嗽停止时间、胸痛消失时间、咽部异物感消失时间、咽部瘙痒消失时间;干预前后患者症状积分、SF-36评分。结果中医组喉源性咳嗽治疗效果高于对照组,P0.05;中医组咳嗽停止时间、胸痛消失时间、咽部异物感消失时间、咽部瘙痒消失时间短于对照组,P0.05;干预前两组症状积分、SF-36评分相近,P0.05;干预后中医组症状积分、SF-36评分优于对照组,P0.05。结论喉源性咳嗽应用中药止嗽散治疗的效果确切。     

40例喉源性咳嗽鼻咽喉镜检查结果及护理分析

目的 探讨喉源性咳嗽实施鼻咽喉镜检查的必要性,同时观察临床护理疗效。方法 选取2012年2-12月在牡丹江医学院第二附属医院耳鼻喉科接受治疗的40例喉源性咳嗽患者,应用鼻咽喉镜对其鼻咽部进行检查,同时进行病因治疗,并给予整体护理干预。2周后观察临床疗效,并应用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评价护理干预前后患者焦虑状况。结果 患者存在鼻炎、鼻窦炎、鼻腔占位性病变等鼻咽部病变者37例,占92.5%;经过治疗患者咳嗽、咽部不适的症状显著改善或消失。干预前HAMA评分为21.5±1.4,干预后HAMA评分为9.0±1.7,干预前后比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 应用鼻咽喉镜能够发现引起喉源性咳嗽的病因,根据病因给予相应的治疗,同时结合整体护理干预,可显著改善喉源性咳嗽患者的预后。     

双黄连注射液雾化吸入联合知柏地黄丸口服治疗喉源性咳嗽疗效观察

目的探讨喉源性咳嗽的有效治疗方法。方法对60例喉源性咳嗽患者分别采用双黄连注射液雾化吸入联合知柏地黄丸口服治疗和传统雾化吸入治疗。结果治疗组有效率（95％）明显高于对照组（71．66％）。结论用双黄连注射液雾化吸入联合知柏地黄丸口服治疗喉源性咳嗽，疗效佳，值得推广。     

黄褐斑的中医证型分布规律及中医内服外用治疗

目的分析黄褐斑的中医证型分布规律,评价中医内服外用治疗效果。方法选择2017年4月-2018年2月寿光市人民医院皮肤科收治的黄褐斑患者90例,按照入院顺序随机分为对照组和观察组各45例。对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上辨证中药内服配合药物外敷治疗,持续3个月,观察比较两组治疗效果及不良反应。结果观察组剔除1例,对照组剔除2例。观察组患者的临床痊愈显效率为72.7%,优于对照组的37.2%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前,两组面积、颜色评分差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组黄褐斑面积和颜色评分低于治疗前,且观察组两项评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组均未见不良反应。结论黄褐斑的中医证型多见肾虚血瘀、血虚血瘀、肝气郁滞证,辨证中药内服配合药物外敷治疗效果良好,值得在临床实践中借鉴。     

乳腺增生病应用中药贴敷治疗配合穴位按摩护理的效果观察

目的:观察中药贴敷和穴位按摩治疗乳腺增生的效果;方法:将2015年3-12月的360例乳腺增生患者平均分成两组,每组180例.普通组采用内服中药汤剂治疗乳腺增生,特殊组采用中药贴敷配合穴位按摩治疗乳腺增生.比较两组患者乳房肿块、疼痛和其他临床效果.结论:特殊组经过外敷中药贴和配合穴位的按摩之后,其乳房的肿块、疼痛的程度和临床疗效均要优于普通组,其差异具有具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:中药贴外敷配合穴位按摩护理能够有效地缓解乳房胀痛、消除乳房肿块,提高治疗乳腺增生的疗效.     

桔甘喉嗽宁治疗喉源性咳嗽疗效观察

目的 观察桔甘喉嗽宁治疗喉源性咳嗽疗效观察。方法 对40例西药无效的喉源性咳嗽患者采用桔甘喉嗽宁治疗。结果 治愈21例，好转15例，无效4例，总有效率90％。结论 桔甘喉嗽宁对喉源性咳嗽确有疗效。     

Cough

Cough, although the most common respiratory symptom, is poorly understood by doctors. It is still widely believed that all cough occurs as part of mucociliary clearance and thus should only be inhibited with caution. However, it is now known that some and perhaps most cough occurs as a consequence of increased sensitivity of the cough reflex and therefore could be suppressed with safety.     

Cough from megaoesophagus

Mrs FW, 83 years of age, presented to the emergency department with repeated episodes of attacks of vomiting over several months, coughing, weight loss and worsening shortness of breath. On examination she was not distressed, but mildly dehydrated. Chest examination revealed decreased air entry in both sides of the chest. Heart sounds were muffled. Other examination was within normal limits.     

“捏脊”应对小儿咳嗽

持续性咳嗽或反复阵发性咳嗽是医院儿科常见的呼吸道疾病。根据其征候特点,属于中医“咳嗽”的范畴。多数认为其内因是由于肺、脾、肾三脏不足,即古中医所说“痰饮留伏”;外因或由于气候骤变,寒热失调,接触异物,或过食生冷咸酸等。     

埃索美拉唑治疗胃食管反流性咳嗽的临床研究

目的探讨埃索美拉唑治疗胃食管反流性咳嗽的临床效果。方法选择在我院接受治疗的胃食管反流性咳嗽患者86例,分为观察组和对照组,观察组采用埃索美拉唑治疗,对照组采用奥美拉唑治疗,观察并比较两组的临床疗效。结果治疗4周后,观察组临床症状改善的总有效率为81．4％,明显高于对照组的总有效率（60．5％）;观察组胃镜检查见原病变部位明显好转的总有效率为88．4％,明显高于对照组的总有效率（69．8％）。两组比较,差异均分别有统计学意义（P〈o．05）。结论埃索关拉唑治疗胃食管反流性咳嗽,能明显改善患者的临床症状,且疗效好、安全性高。     

Efficacy of Face Shields Against Cough Aerosol Droplets from a Cough Simulator

Health care workers are exposed to potentially infectious airborne particles while providing routine care to coughing patients. However, much is not understood about the behavior of these aerosols and the risks they pose. We used a coughing patient simulator and a breathing worker simulator to investigate the exposure of health care workers to cough aerosol droplets, and to examine the efficacy of face shields in reducing this exposure. Our results showed that 0.9% of the initial burst of aerosol from a cough can be inhaled by a worker 46 cm (18 inches) from the patient. During testing of an influenza-laden cough aerosol with a volume median diameter (VMD) of 8.5 μm, wearing a face shield reduced the inhalational exposure of the worker by 96% in the period immediately after a cough. The face shield also reduced the surface contamination of a respirator by 97%. When a smaller cough aerosol was used (VMD = 3.4 μm), the face shield was less effective, blocking only 68% of the cough and 76% of the surface contamination. In the period from 1 to 30 minutes after a cough, during which the aerosol had dispersed throughout the room and larger particles had settled, the face shield reduced aerosol inhalation by only 23%. Increasing the distance between the patient and worker to 183 cm (72 inches) reduced the exposure to influenza that occurred immediately after a cough by 92%. Our results show that health care workers can inhale infectious airborne particles while treating a coughing patient. Face shields can substantially reduce the short-term exposure of health care workers to large infectious aerosol particles, but smaller particles can remain airborne longer and flow around the face shield more easily to be inhaled. Thus, face shields provide a useful adjunct to respiratory protection for workers caring for patients with respiratory infections. However, they cannot be used as a substitute for respiratory protection when it is needed.

[Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene for the following free supplemental resource: tables of the experiments performed, more detailed information about the aerosol measurement methods, photographs of the experimental setup, and summaries of the experimental data from the aerosol measurement devices, the qPCR analysis, and the VPA.]