青海省农村育龄妇女口腔卫生保健情况的调查

为了解偏远农村地区的口腔健康知识知晓率以及口腔保健情况,笔者于2003年7～8月对青海省3个县的部分农村育龄妇女进行了口腔健康流行病学调查,现将结果报道如下。1材料和方法1.1调查对象本次调查在青海省化隆、尖扎、同仁3个县进行,由各县卫生局协助完成。每个县随机抽取5个乡,     

天津市人群口腔卫生状况抽样调查报告

目的：了解天津市城乡人群口腔卫生状况。方法：采用随机抽样方法,调查天津市城乡１２、１８、３５～４１岁三个年龄组共１２００人的牙齿软垢情况。结果：各年龄组之间软垢指数差别不大,各区软垢均数大小排列顺序为３６〉４６〉２６〉１６〉３１〉１１。各年华且软垢记分为３的区段最多,其次是记分为２和４的区段较多。城市１２、１８岁组男性软垢指数低于全国平均水平（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：天津市城乡人群能够做到有效刷牙的     

聋哑青少年口腔卫生状况调查分析

本文调查分析了南京市聋哑学校３３４名青少年的口腔卫生状况，结果表明：牙龈炎患病率７１．２６％，软垢指数、牙结石指数与龈指数间有相关关系（τ＝０．３１、ｕ＝７．４、Ｐ〈０．０１和τ＝０．４２、ｕ＝１４．３１、Ｐ〈０．０１）。龋患率为６７．０７％，第一恒磨牙龋患率５０％，错Ｈｅ畸形患病率９１．６２％。作者分析了聋哑青少年口腔卫生状况差的原因，并探讨了改进措施。     

重庆市1872名老年人口腔健康情况的调查

1999年在开展的“百万老人健康调查”活动中 ,我们对重庆市南岸区 1872名老人进行了全面的口腔检查 ,现将结果报告如下。一、材料和方法1.调查对象 :对辖区内南坪街道所属 7个居委会居住的1872名 6 0岁以上老人调查。2 .调查项目 :使用统一的检查器械 ,按照ＷＨＯ的统一标准 ,对牙缺失、龋病及牙周病等进行了检查。根据四川医学院主编的《口腔内科学》的诊断标准 ,对口腔粘膜病、牙磨耗、楔状缺损、牙结石及口腔卫生习惯等进行了检查。3.调查方法 :实行 1人 1卡 ,参检人员均为我院口腔科临床医师 ,采用常规口腔检查法 ,统一标准 ,记录建档。…     

世界口腔卫生保健的回顾和展望：口腔卫生保健面向美好的未来

世界口腔卫生保健的回顾和展望──口腔卫生保健面向美好的未来李刚，吴友农编译史俊南审校第四军医大学口腔医学院（７１００３２）世界卫生组织（ＷＨＯ）确定１９９４年４月７日世界卫生日以口腔卫生为主题，口号是＂健康的生活需要口腔卫生，，并确定１９９４年为口腔...     

成都地区老年机关工作人员口腔卫生健康调查

目的：了解成都地区老年机关工作人员的口腔卫生健康状况。方法：1998年对机关工作人员体检中的468名65岁以上老年人的口腔卫生情况,患龋病、牙周病、牙缺失等进行调查研究。结果：成都地区老年机关工作人员有自我口腔保健意识,100%老年人坚持每天刷牙、漱口,但龋病、牙周病的发病率仍较高,丧失的牙齿也较多,7.47%老年人全口失牙已安装义齿,2.56%半口失牙,牙列缺损者也较多,严重影响老年人的口腔咀嚼功能。结论：我国老年机关工作人员虽然现在有自我口腔保健意识,但口腔卫生健康状况仍须重视并采取积极的保健措施。     

儿童龋病与口腔卫生的相关调查分析

为了解衡阳市儿童患龋情况 ,作者对衡阳市城区 75 0 1名 7～ 12岁少年儿童 (小学生 )进行了龋病及口腔卫生的调查分析 ,对 2 0 6 0位患龋病儿童的家长进行了有关龋病认识方面的调查。结果表明 ,患龋率为 77 47% ,龋齿总数为2 0 0 98颗 ,受检者龋均为 2 6 8,患龋者龋均为 3 46。恒牙患龋率为 12 88% ,其中以第一恒磨牙患龋率为最高 ,患龋率与年龄及性别有差异 ,口腔卫生是导致儿童龋病的关键性因素 ,龋齿的充填率为 3 31% ,绝大部分家长对其小孩的营养、发育极为重视 ,但对龋病缺乏重视意识。1　调查标准与工作方法 :　按照 1990年 12月制…     

上海市300名小学生口腔卫生状况调查分析

作者于 1995年与 1998年对上海市 30 0名小学生牙齿软垢指数进行了抽样调查 ,结果表明1998年度学生牙齿软垢指数明显低于 1995年度水平 (P <0 .0 1) ,但是牙齿软垢指数在男女性别之间没有显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,1995年度调查结果显示城市学生牙齿的软垢指数明显低于郊县 (P <0 .0 1) ,而 1998年度调查的学生牙齿软垢指数在城乡之间没有显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,提示随着上海市城乡一体化建设发展 ,口腔保健知识的普及与提高学生口腔卫生状况有了进一步改善的趋势     

宜昌市弱势儿童龋病及口腔卫生状况调查

目的：了解宜昌市聋哑学校8—12岁盲、弱、聋哑儿童患龋情况及口腔卫生状况。方法：随机抽取聋哑学校98名8—12岁盲、弱、聋哑儿童进行口腔卫生状况、龋病调查，参照全国第2次口腔流行病学调查方案调查。结果：宜昌市聋哑学校8—12岁盲、弱、聋哑儿童乳牙患龋率66.33％，龋均3．01，充填率为0，恒牙患龋率67．35％，龋均1．49，充填率5．48％。结论：盲、弱、聋哑儿童患龋率均高，充填率极低，口腔卫生状况差，牙龈炎流行，提请社会对于这一弱势群体的口腔健康状况给予更多关爱。     

A longitudinal study of the oral health condition of elderly stroke survivors on hospital discharge into the community

AIM: To investigate the oral health of elderly stroke survivors on discharge from hospital into the community after rehabilitation and six months later compared with community dwelling elderly people without stroke. METHOD: The study took place in the rehabilitation unit of a general medical hospital in Hong Kong. It was a longitudinal study involving 43 elderly survivors of mild to moderate stroke about to be discharged from hospital after rehabilitation and a comparison group of 43 community-dwelling elderly people. Verified clinical examination techniques and measures were used to assess dental caries, periodontal disease, oral hygiene, oral candidiasis, prosthetic status/need and functional disability (Barthel Index [BI]). Socio-demographic information was also collected. RESULTS: Stroke survivors had significantly higher plaque and bleeding scores on hospital discharge and after six months compared with the control group (p<0.01). On hospital discharge, the stroke group also had a poorer periodontal condition with more 4-5mm pockets. The mean BI on hospital admission was 71 and 91 on discharge. Stroke survivors with a higher BI on discharge had lower plaque scores after six months. The tooth condition, number of functional tooth pairs, prosthetic status, presence of oral candidiasis and oral yeast carriage were similar between stroke and comparison groups. CONCLUSIONS: Despite significant objective improvement in functional ability after stroke, elderly survivors returning to the community had significantly poorer periodontal health compared with community dwelling elderly without stroke, and the situation did not improve dramatically over six months. The protracted recovery of hand, arm and oral sensori-motor function is the most likely cause.     

成都市老年人活动义齿使用情况和口腔保健意识的调查

目的：了解活动义齿戴用后义齿功能行使情况、戴用者的口腔清洁情况、卫生知识知晓情况,以针对性地进行口腔教育及让医院更好地为老年人服务。方法对成都市162名戴用活动义齿的60~90岁老年人进行问卷式调查并对其行统计学分析。结果162名被调查者中,每天刷牙2次及其以上的老年人占82.7%,39.5%的佩戴者采用竖刷法,但定期洁牙和使用过牙线者仅分别为1.9%和7.4%,现有活动义齿使用的平均年限为7.14年,57.4%的佩戴者表示义齿损坏之后才会更换,义齿佩戴后53.7%的老年人未复诊过,96.3%的佩戴者未受到过医院回访服务。结论活动义齿为取得较好的修复效果,口腔健康教育具有重要意义。     

口腔卫生指导对老年牙周患者治疗效果的影响

目的：通过对97名老年患者的跟踪调查,探讨在牙周治疗中口腔卫生指导对治疗效果的影响。方法：将97名患者随机分为两组进行对照研究,分别记录治疗后0天、3个月、6个月的菌斑指数和出血指数,并进行统计学分析。结果：重复测量设计的方差分析表明,分组、时间、分组与时间的交互作用因素对菌斑指数和出血指数的主效应均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。两两比较的结果表明,治疗后3个月、6个月的指导组菌斑指数和出血指数均低于未指导组（P〈0.01）。结论：随着治疗后时间的增加,口腔卫生指导能够更好的维持牙周治疗的效果。     

口腔健康教育对改善中学生维护口腔健康意识的效果评价

目的评价以学校为基础的口腔健康教育改善中学生口腔健康状况的效果。方法将随机抽取的四川省德阳市农村地区2所中学的初一学生按学校分为试验组和对照组,每组200名学生。对试验组学生进行以学校为基础的口腔健康知识教育,同时要求试验组学生在家长的监督下使用含氟牙膏刷牙。对照组不采取任何干预措施。在试验前和1年后对2组学生进行龋病、口腔卫生状况检查,并对口腔健康知识、态度和行为进行问卷调查。结果1年后,与基线相比,试验组的龋均和龋面均无明显变化（P>0.05）,而对照组的龋均和龋面均明显升高（P<0.05）;试验组的简化口腔卫生指数（OHI-S）下降（P<0.05）,而对照组的OHI-S上升（P<0.05）;试验组学生对“使用含氟牙膏能预防蛀牙”和“甜食致龋”的认识增加率高于对照组学生（P<0.05）;试验组学生每天至少刷牙2次、使用含氟牙膏、拜访牙医的增加率高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论以学校为基础的口腔健康教育和使用含氟牙膏的综合口腔卫生项目对促进农村地区中学生口腔健康有积极的作用。     

株州市老干部口腔健康状况初步调查

目的：了解株州地区老干部群体口腔卫生及健康状况。方法：在株州地区对487名老干部进行口腔卫生知识问卷及口腔健康调查。结果：患龋率54．4％，龋均2．9；龈萎缩和牙松动的患病率分别是72．8％和29．3％；牙缺失率72．9％，缺牙均数7．1；义齿修复率47．9％，义齿修复不合格率23．5％。结论：提高老年人口腔卫生保健意识，重视老年人牙病的防治，应作为开展社区口腔预防工作的一个重要内容。     

Oral status, oral hygiene, and patient satisfaction in the elderly with dental implants dependent on substantial needs of care for daily living

Using osseointegrated implants to replace teeth is a routine procedure today. This study investigated oral status, oral hygiene habits, and patient satisfaction in elderly with dental implants who were dependent on substantial support for daily living. Twenty-six persons over the age of 65 who were dependent on supportive care were examined. Data collected included the number of teeth and implants, plaque scores, bleeding on probing, and oral hygiene habits. Self-perceived knowledge about managing their implants and satisfaction with the implants was recorded. Subjects had a total of 148 natural teeth and 144 implants. Only a few signs of oral disease were found and the tissues around implants were healthier than around natural teeth. No correlations between oral hygiene habits and plaque scores or bleeding were found. A majority of the subjects were satisfied with their implants. Dental implants have satisfactory function even in individuals who are elderly and have substantial needs for supportive care.     

太原市养老机构老年人口腔健康状况的调查分析

目的了解太原市养老机构老年人的口腔保健意识及其健康状况,以针对性地开展口腔疾病的防治,提高养老机构老年人的生活质量。方法随机抽取太原市6个行政区48所养老机构内的359名老人,分别对口腔保健意识、态度及行为设计问卷调查,并进行口腔检查,所得数据通过SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果太原市养老机构老年人口腔保健意识欠缺,保健行为不规范,口腔健康状况除受刷牙习惯及口腔不良习惯的显著影响,尚与年龄、受教育程度等因素相关,55～64、65～74岁年龄组每日刷牙、曾有过口腔就诊经历的比例均低于第四次全国口腔流行病学调查数据,而无牙颌比率、缺牙未修复比率均高于同年龄组全国平均水平。结论太原市养老机构内老年人自我口腔保健意识及口腔健康状况较差,应有计划、有目的地对其开展口腔卫生宣教,帮助其养成良好的口腔卫生行为习惯,养老机构应定期开展口腔卫生检查诊疗服务,以改善老年人口腔健康状况,提高生活质量。     

Oral status, oral hygiene habits and caries risk factors in home-dwelling elderly dependent on moderate or substantial supportive care for daily living

Strömberg E, Hagman‐Gustafsson M‐L, Holmén A, Wårdh I, Gabre P. Oral status, oral hygiene habits and caries risk factors in home‐dwelling elderly dependent on moderate or substantial supportive care for daily living. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011;. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Objectives: Elderly people with disabilities have an increased risk of developing oral diseases as compared with the healthy elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate oral hygiene habits, clinical variables related to oral self‐care and caries risk in elderly individuals living at home with moderate and substantial needs of home care. Methods: A random sample of 151 elderly people with moderate needs and 151 with substantial needs of home care were examined. Data concerning general health, social conditions and oral hygiene habits were collected using a questionnaire. Data showing the prevalence of caries, plaque scores and gingival bleeding were obtained through clinical examinations. Results: Elderly subjects with substantial needs of home nursing had more active caries (P < 0.01) and more often gingival bleeding (P < 0.05), as compared with elderly people with moderate needs. Forty‐nine per cent of the elderly with moderate needs performed acceptable self‐care, as compared with 25% of the individuals with substantial needs. Good self‐care was associated with women, low plaque scores, less bleeding and less caries. Factors increasing the risk of having caries were low saliva secretion, high plaque scores and a large number of fillings, while having a dentist and good oral hygiene habits increased the chance of not developing caries. Conclusions: Good oral hygiene habits were associated with less prevalence of plaque and oral disease in the elderly irrespective of extent of needs of home nursing. However, the elderly with moderate needs more often performed good self‐care, indicating that the possibilities of strengthening self‐care and learning new routines are better when functions are less affected.