Surgery versus stereotactic radiosurgery for single synchronous brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of surgery with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for patients with a single synchronous brain metastasis from successfully treated non-small cell lung cancer.Methods: Between 1995 and 2002, 53 patients underwent resection of both primary non-small cell lung cancer and the associated single brain metastasis. There were 33 men and 20 women with a mean age of 57 years (range, 32(85 years). At the time of diagnosis, 42 patients experienced lung cancer related symptoms, whereas 11 patients experienced brain metastases-related symptoms. 42 patients had received thoracic surgery first, and 11 patients had undergone neurosurgery or radiosurgery first. Pneumonectomy was performed in 9 out of 42 patients (21.4%), lobectomies in 30 (71.4%), and wedge resection in 3 (7.2%). 48 patients (90.5%) underwent complete lymphadenectomy. 35 patients underwent brain metastasectomy. 18 underwent SRS.Results: There was no postoperative mortality and severe complications after either lung or brain surgery. Histology showed 34 adenocarcinomas, 16 squamous cell carcinomas, and 3 large cell lung cancers. 15 patients (28.3%) had no evidence of lymph node metastases (N0), 20 patients (37.7%) had hilar metastases (N1), and 18 patients (34%) had mediastinal metastases (N2). The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 49%, 19%, 10%, and 5%, respectively. The corresponding data for neurosurgery group were 55%, 17%, 11%, and 6%, respectively. The median survival time was 13 months. For SRS group the corresponding data were 44.8%, 20.9% 10.5%, and 2%, respectively. The median survival time was 14 months. The differences between the two groups were not significant (P>0.05). In lymph node negative patients (N0), the overall 5-year survival rate was 10%, as compared with a 1% survival rate in patients with lymph node metastases (N1(2). The difference was significant (P<0.01). For adenocarcinomas, the 5-year survival rate was 5%. The correspondent data for squamous cell lung cancers was 3%. The difference was not significant (P>0.05).Conclusion: Although the overall survival rate for patients who have brain metastases from NSCLC is poor, surgical resection or radiosurgery may be beneficial in a select group of patients with synchronous brain metastases and lung cancer without lymph node metastases.     

Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery for synchronous versus metachronous solitary brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer

A retrospective study was conducted analyzing the clinical outcome and various prognostic factors in patients treated with gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GK-SRS) for solitary brain metastasis from non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). A total of 72 patients from June of 1992 to January of 1999 were treated. All patients received GK-SRS to a median dose of 18Gy, with 45 patients receiving additional whole-brain radiation therapy. No one had evidence of extra-cranial metastasis at the time of diagnosis of brain metastases. The median follow-up was 15.7 months for the entire population and 99.5 months for those who were alive at the last follow-up. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to test the impact of various prognostic factors on survival. The median and 5-year actuarial survivals for the entire cohort were 15.7 months and 10.4%, respectively. The presence of a metachronous versus a synchronous brain metastasis was the only factor significant in the univariate (P=0.045) and multivariate (P=0.002) analyses. Patients with metachronous solitary brain metastases had a significant median survival advantage compared to those with synchronous metastases (33.3 months versus 8.6 months, P=0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in median survival from the time of metastasis when treated with GK-SRS in these groups (12.5 months versus 8.4 months, P=0.50). The addition of WBRT did not improve overall survival (12.0 months versus 7.7 months, P=0.73). The 5-year actuarial survival for the metachronous and synchronous groups were 13.2 and 8.1%, respectively. In conclusion, patients presenting with a solitary metachronous brain metastasis from NSCLC achieved longer survivals than those with a synchronous metastasis. The tail in the survival curves demonstrates that a prolonged survival may be attained in patients with solitary metastases from NSCLC. This study adds to the growing body of literature that supports the use of SRS in the management of this patient population.     

Primary or salvage stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastatic small cell lung cancer

Journal of Neuro-Oncology - We evaluated the outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for patients who developed new or progressive brain disease regardless of whether they had no prior...     

Local control outcomes for combination of stereotactic radiosurgery and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases

Journal of Neuro-Oncology - Previous series have demonstrated CNS activity for immune checkpoint inhibitors, yet no prior data exists regarding whether this activity can improve outcomes of...     

大分割立体定向放射治疗NSCLC脑转移的临床观察

目的:分析大分割立体定向放射治疗(HSRT)非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)脑转移的有效性及预后因素.方法:选取60例有1 24个脑转移病灶的NSCLC患者进行HSRT,其中90个病变进行全脑放射治疗加HSRT,34个病变初始进行HSRT,中位随访12个月.观察近期疗效及预后因素.结果:全脑放疗加HSRT组46个病变完全缓解(CR),28个部分缓解(PR),9个病变稳定(SD),7个病变进展(PD);6、12个月的局部控制率和总生存率分别为92.3％、66.9％和73.2％、47.6％.单独HSRT组20个病变CR,7个PR,4个SD,3个PD;6、12个月的局部控制率和总生存率分别为92.7％、65.9％和70.2％、45.8％.多因素分析结果显示,脑转移个数(OR=1.675,P=0.001)、颅外有无转移性病灶(OR=1.934,P=0.036)和原发灶控制(OR=7.936,P=0.033)是影响患者生存率的独立预后因素.结论:HSRT是治疗NSCLC脑转移有效方法之一.脑转移个数、颅外有无转移性病灶和原发灶控制是影响患者预后的独立因素.     

A volume matched comparison of survival after radiosurgery in non-small cell lung cancer patients with one versus more than twenty brain metastases

Journal of Neuro-Oncology - Treatment of patients with a large number of brain metastases using radiosurgery remains controversial. In this study we sought to conduct a volume matched comparison to...     

Long-term survival in patients with synchronous, solitary brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer treated with radiosurgery

PURPOSE: To report the outcome of patients with synchronous, solitary brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSRS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients diagnosed with synchronous, solitary brain metastasis from NSCLC were treated with GKSRS between 1993 and 2006. The median Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was 90. Patients had thoracic Stage I-III disease (American Joint Committee on Cancer 2002 guidelines). Definitive thoracic therapy was delivered to 26/42 (62%) patients; 9 patients underwent chemotherapy and radiation, 12 patients had surgical resection, and 5 patients underwent preoperative chemoradiation and surgical resection. RESULTS: The median overall survival (OS) was 18 months. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year actuarial OS rates were 71.3%, 34.1%, and 21%, respectively. For patients who underwent definitive thoracic therapy, the median OS was 26.4 months compared with 13.1 months for those who had nondefinitive therapy, and the 5-year actuarial OS was 34.6% vs. 0% (p < 0.0001). Median OS was significantly longer for patients with a KPS >or=90 vs. KPS < 90 (27.8 months vs. 13.1 months, p < 0.0001). The prognostic factors significant on multivariate analysis were definitive thoracic therapy (p = 0.020) and KPS (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the largest series of patients diagnosed with synchronous, solitary brain metastasis from NSCLC treated with GKSRS. Definitive thoracic therapy and KPS significantly impacted OS. The 5-year OS of 21% demonstrates the potential for long-term survival in patients treated with GKSRS; therefore, patients with good KPS should be considered for definitive thoracic therapy.     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移治疗进展

非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)脑转移的治疗方法包括激素、抗惊厥药物治疗、手术、放疗、化疗.近年来分子靶向治疗如表皮生长因子(EGFR)酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)成为NSCLC脑转移的新的治疗选择.     

非小细胞肺癌发生脑转移的高危因素及生存分析

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌发生脑转移的高危因素及对生存的影响.方法 回顾对比分析150例经病理确诊的ⅡA～Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者,其中发生脑转移的100例,未发生脑转移者50例,比较两组之间临床特征及肿瘤特征的差异.结果 (1)单因素分析发现,年轻、非鳞状细胞癌、中央型肺癌、有淋巴结转移、肺内播散、合并其他部位转移及未接受治疗是非小细胞肺癌发生脑转移的可能危险因素;多因素分析发现,年龄与病理类型是非小细胞肺癌发生脑转移的高危因素.(2)性别、民族及肺内病变左右位置不是非小细胞肺癌发生脑转移瘤的危险因素.(3)脑转移组中位生存时间为(6.661±0.573)月,低于非脑转移组的(13.318±0.966)月(P=0.000);脑转移组的6月、12月生存率分别为32.0％、14.7％,明显低于非脑转移组的80.6％和62.4％ (P =0.000).结论 年龄＜60岁、非鳞状细胞癌是非小细胞肺癌发生脑转移的高危因素,中央型肺癌、肺内转移、淋巴结转移、其他部位远处转移及未接受治疗为非小细胞肺癌患者发生脑转移的可能高危因素.脑转移的发生影响非小细胞肺癌患者的预后.     

Molecular profiling of non-small cell lung cancer and correlation with disease-free survival

Recent studies have suggested that information from gene expression profiles could be used to develop molecular classifications of cancer. We hypothesized that expression levels of specific genes in operative specimens could be correlated to recurrence risk in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We performed expression profiling using 19.2 K cDNA microarrays on tumor specimens from a total of 39 NSCLC patients with known clinical follow-up information. Statistical analysis and clustering approaches were used to determine patterns of gene expression segregating with clinical outcome. The results provide evidence that molecular subtyping of NSCLC can identify distinct profiles of gene expression correlating with disease-free survival.     

化疗与放射外科结合治疗非小细胞肺癌脑转移

目的 探讨化疗与放射外科结合治疗非小细胞肺癌脑转移的效果。方法 对24例非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者进行了放射外科治疗加全身化疗的前瞻性临床观察。结果 （1）神经系统症状改善率为87．0％；（2）脑部病灶治疗客观有效率为58．3％；（3）X刀治疗后3－6个月随访期内脑部出现新病灶占70．8％；（4）中位存活时间10个月（3－34个月）；（5）1年生存率为37．5％。结论 （1）化疗与放射外科结合治疗肺癌脑转移可能是一种较为有效的疗法，且毒副作用可以接受；（2）此疗法未能有效地控制脑转移新病灶与复发。     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移放射治疗的预后因素分析

背景与目的脑转移最常见于肺癌患者,放射治疗是其有效的常规治疗手段。目前的治疗以姑息止痛和减轻症状为目的,方法差异较大,对肺癌脑转移预后的认识也不尽相同。本研究旨在分析非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者放射治疗的疗效以及影响生存率的预后因素并建立预后模型。方法回顾性分析1995年2月-2006年10月在我科接受全脑放射治疗的82例非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者的临床资料,采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,各亚组生存率差别的比较采用log-rank时序检验,分析影响生存预后的各种因素(单因素和多因素分析),以Cox回归分析获得的有统计学意义的因子组成预后模型。结果随访时间为1-120个月,全组患者诊断脑转移后的中位生存期为10.5个月,6个月、1年和2年的总生存率分别为50.8%、23.7%和5.1%。单因素和多因素分析均显示放射治疗前KPS评分、肺原发肿瘤控制情况、确诊肺癌到脑转移间隔时间、脑转移灶数目是影响生存的独立预后因素,根据上述因素建立预后指数将82例患者分成预后好、中和差三组,其生存曲线的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论KPS评分、确诊肺癌到脑转移间隔时间、肺原发肿瘤控制情况、脑转移灶数目是影响非小细胞肺癌脑转移放射治疗生存的独立预后因素,预后指数模型能很好地反映预后。