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Balode D Westman M Kolupajeva T Rozentale B Albert J 《Journal of medical virology》2010,82(12):2013-2018
Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is a concern because it may reduce the efficacy of antiretroviral treatment. Plasma samples of 119 HIV-1-infected patients who were newly diagnosed at the Infectology Center of Latvia in 2005 and 2006 were analyzed by an in-house genotypic resistance assay to determine the prevalence of TDR in Latvia. TDR was identified using the WHO 2009 list of mutations for surveillance of TDR as implemented in the Stanford Calibrated Population Resistance tool. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic analyses were used to determine genetic subtype and investigate the relatedness of the sequences. Resistance testing was successful in 117 of 119 patients. The study population represented ~20% of all patients that were diagnosed in Latvia in 2005 and 2006 and was well distributed between gender, transmission routes, and areas of residence. Four patients showed evidence of TDR, which represents a prevalence of TDR of 3.4% (95% CI: 0.9-8.5%). All four patients displayed single, but different resistance mutations (M46I, F53L, M41L, and G190A). All patients, except one, were predicted to respond well to standard first-line therapy in Latvia. The prevalence of TDR in Latvia was low, which partly may be due to the low proportion of HIV-1 patients who receive antiretroviral therapy. The results indicate that routine resistance testing in Latvia currently should be focused on patients who display treatment failure, rather than treatment naive patients. 相似文献
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Genetic diversity of HIV‐1 and transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed individuals with HIV infection in Hangzhou,China 下载免费PDF全文
Jiafeng Zhang Zhihong Guo Jiezhe Yang Xiaohong Pan Jun Jiang Xiaobei Ding Wenjun Zhang Yan Xia Yun Xu Jingjing Huang 《Journal of medical virology》2015,87(10):1668-1676
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HIV‐1 transmitted drug resistance and genetic diversity among patients from Piauí State,Northeast Brazil 下载免费PDF全文
Maria Edileuza Soares Moura Mônica Nogueira da Guarda Reis Yanna Andressa Ramos Lima Kelsen Dantas Eulálio Ludimila Paula Vaz Cardoso Mariane Martins Araújo Stefani 《Journal of medical virology》2015,87(5):798-806
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These Guidelines were developed by the Panel on Clinical Practices for Treatment of HIV Infection convened by the 《HIV clinical trials》2013,14(3):227-236
AbstractDrug resistance testing significantly improves response to antiretroviral treatment in HIV-1-infected patients, therefore it has recently been implemented into current guidelines for the management of antiretroviral therapy. Knowledge about technologies for measuring drug resistance is important for several reasons: (a) differences exist between different technologies and also between assays based on the same technology; (b) the results of resistance testing are strongly dependent on the reliability and precision of the technology used; and (c) technical aspects have to be considered for a clinically relevant interpretation of drug resistance. The spectrum of genotypic and phenotypic technologies as well as the technical quality is increasing, which shifts the emphasis to the interpretation of resistance profiles. The interpretation is based on the knowledge of drug resistance-associated mutations as well as correlations between genotype and phenotype and clinical response, which are incorporated into rules-based systems. Bioinformatic techiques are used to generate mathematical models for the prediction of drug resistance from genotype. Both approaches are converging toward the prediction of clinical response. Because therapy response is dependent on many additional variables, further efforts are required for the generation of a large clinical database. This will be the basis of a prediction system that will optimize the antiretroviral therapy for each individual patient. 相似文献
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Evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in HIV-1-infected patients in Italy from 2000 to 2010
M. Colafigli C. Torti E.M. Trecarichi L. Albini A. Rosi V. Micheli N. Manca G. Penco B. Bruzzone G. Punzi P. Corsi G. Parruti P. Bagnarelli L. Monno A. Gonnelli R. Cauda S. Di Giambenedetto 《Clinical microbiology and infection》2012,18(8):E299-E304
Prevalence and predictors of transmitted drug resistance (TDR), defined as the presence of at least one WHO surveillance drug resistance mutation (SDRM), were investigated in antiretroviralna?ve HIV-1-infected patients, with a genotypic resistance test (GRT) performed ≤6 months before starting cART between 2000 and 2010. 3163 HIV-1 sequences were selected (69% subtype B). Overall, the prevalence of TDR was 12% (13.2% subtype B, 9% non-B). TDR significantly declined overall and for the single drug classes. Older age independently predicted increased odds of TDR, whereas a more recent GRT, a higher HIV-RNA and C vs. B subtype predicted lower odds of TDR. 相似文献
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The evolution of HIV‐1 group M genetic variability in Southern Cameroon is characterized by several emerging recombinant forms of CRF02_AG and viruses with drug resistance mutations 下载免费PDF全文
Lucy Agyingi Luzia M. Mayr Thompson Kinge George Enow Orock Johnson Ngai Bladine Asaah Mbida Mpoame Indira Hewlett Phillipe Nyambi 《Journal of medical virology》2014,86(3):385-393
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HIV‐1 prevalence and subtype/recombinant distribution among travelers entering China from Vietnam at the HeKou port in the Yunnan province,China, between 2003 and 2012 下载免费PDF全文
Yajuan Wang Yaobo Liang Yue Feng Binghui Wang Yaping Li Zhikun Wu Jianchun Zhang Zulqarnain Baloch A‐Mei Zhang Li Liu Weihong Qin Xueshan Xia 《Journal of medical virology》2015,87(9):1500-1509
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Molecular epidemiology identifies HIV transmission networks associated with younger age and heterosexual exposure among Korean individuals 下载免费PDF全文
Bum Sik Chin Antoine Chaillon Sanjay R. Mehta Joel O. Wertheim Gayeon Kim Hyoung‐Shik Shin Davey M. Smith 《Journal of medical virology》2016,88(10):1832-1835
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目的 分析北京市2016年新确证HIV感染者HIV病毒pol基因传播性耐药突变特征.方法 利用一步法逆转录PCR和巢式PCR扩增感染者体内HIV病毒的pol基因,并对扩增产物进行测序.对得到的序列信息进行分析,分别获得病毒的亚型分布、耐药突变类型和构成.结果 2016年北京市新确证HIV感染者传播性耐药突变比例为4.2%.712名感染者中,CRF01_AE亚型为主要流行亚型,占49.3%,CRF07_BC亚型占28.8%,B亚型占10.3%.结论 与往年的研究相比,北京市未治疗的HIV感染者耐药率有所下降,总体上属于低水平的HIV耐药流行. 相似文献
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Lan YC Elbeik T Dileanis J Ng V Chen YJ Leu HS Cheng SH Wong JC Wong WW Chen YM 《Journal of medical virology》2008,80(2):183-191
The Taiwanese government has provided free highly active antiretroviral therapy since April 1997. Previously, we have reported on the molecular epidemiology of HIV‐1 in Taiwan from 1988 to 1998. In addition, an outbreak of circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC among intravenous drug users was noted in 2004. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to elucidate the distribution of HIV‐1 subtypes among different high‐risk groups in Taiwan from 1999 to 2000 and to conduct surveillance on drug resistance among treatment naïve patients from 1997 to 2000. Blood samples from 239 HIV‐1/AIDS patients and their subtypes were examined using DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that among 226 male patients, 213 (94.2%) had subtype B, 11 (4.9%) had CRF01_AE, 1 had unique recombinant strain related to both CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC (strain T12‐99TW) and 1 had CRF08_BC (strain L9312‐00TW). The patients infected with T12‐99TW and L9312‐00TW were intravenous drug users and had needle‐sharing experiences in Yunnan Province, China. Of the 13 HIV‐1‐infected females, 7 (53.8%) had subtype B, 5 (38.5%) had CRF01_AE, and 1 (7.7%) had subtype C. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the neither strain T12‐99TW nor L9312‐00TW clustered with CRF07_BC strains isolated from Taiwanese intravenous drug users in 2004. In addition, 126 treatment naïve patients were selected for genotypic DR analysis and the results showed that 4.3% (2/47) homosexual males had M184V mutations. This is the first report on the identification of CRF08_BC and a unique recombinant strain related to both CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC in Taiwan. J. Med. Virol. 80:183–191, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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人类基因组中与HIV-1感染相关的基因多态性及其意义 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
为探讨CCR5、CCR2和SDF1等位基因的突变和多态性特点,评估不同人群对HIV-1感染的遗传易感性,作者收集近年来国际上报道的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus-1,HIV-1)感染基因相关文献资料,其中包括作者检测的中国人基因组的CCR5、CCR2和SDF1基因多态性的检测结果。通过对比分析,结果显示世界上不同人群的HIV-1相关基因的突变和我态性有一 相似文献
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Dubravko Forcic Jelena Ivancic‐Jelecki Gordana Mlinaric‐Galinovic Gordana Vojnovic Andrea Babic‐Erceg Irena Tabain 《Journal of medical virology》2012,84(12):1985-1992
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a common etiological agent of acute lower respiratory tract disease in infants. The molecular epidemiology of HRSV in Croatia over four consecutive seasons (from 2006 to 2008) was investigated. A total of 72 HRSV samples were chosen from 696 screened cases in a pediatric clinic in Zagreb. Molecular characterization of HRSV revealed the predominance of HRSV group B viruses in the first two epidemic seasons and HRSV group A viruses in the next two seasons. According to the phylogenetic analysis, NA1 and BA9 were the predominant circulating HRSV genotypes detected during the study. Overall, 82.9% of all HRSV A strains belonged to the NA1 genotype. The HRSV B genotype BA9, detected in two consecutive seasons (2006 and 2007), was the predominant circulating HRSV B genotype, accounting for 80.6% of all HRSV B strains. This study provides data on the circulation pattern of HRSV genotypes in Croatia and their molecular characterization. J. Med. Virol. 84:1985–1992, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献