士兵组织公平感对工作满意度影响:组织认同感的中介作用

目的探讨士兵组织公平感对工作满意度的影响。方法采用一般情况调查问卷、组织公平量表、组织认同问卷、工作满意度量表对某炮兵旅士兵进行测查。结果①组织公平感与工作满意度显著相关(P<0.01);组织认同感和组织公平感显著相关(P<0.01);②回归分析显示士兵的组织公平感对工作满意度有正向预测作用(β=0.57,P<0.01);士兵的组织公平感对组织认同感有正向预测作用(β=0.63,P<0.01);加入中介变量(组织认同)后,组织公平感对工作满意度预测作用减弱(β1=0.574,β2=0.282)。结论组织认同在组织公平感和工作满意度之间起部分中介作用。     

住院医师组织公平感与工作满意度的关系研究

目的 探讨住院医师组织公平感和工作满意度关系.方法 采用组织公平感和明尼苏达工作满意度问卷对西安市某三级甲等医院188名住院医师进行调查.结果 该医院住院医师的工作满意度处于中等偏高水平;学历、人员类别对工作满意度有影响(P＜0.01);组织公平感与工作满意度有显著正相关(r=0.469～0.737,P＜0.01),程...     

情绪智力、组织公平感与工作满意度关系的研究

目的:考察情绪智力、组织公平感与工作满意度之间的关系。方法:采用明尼苏达工作满意度问卷,组织公平感问卷和情绪智力量表对264名中国企业员工进行问卷调查。结果:情绪智力,组织公平感与工作满意度都显著正相关,情绪智力通过组织公平感间接影响外部工作满意度,情绪智力对内部工作满意度有直接影响,也可以通过组织公平感间接影响内部工作满意度。结论:在情绪智力影响内部工作满意度的过程中组织公平感具有部分中介作用,而组织公平感在情绪智力影响外部工作满意度的过程中具有完全中介作用。     

The Therapist as Advocate: Anti‐Oppression Advocacy in Psychological Practice

In this article, we present an approach entitled Anti‐Oppression Advocacy (AOA) as a means of addressing poverty in a psychotherapeutic context. AOA is an integrative approach designed to meet two goals that we argue to be closely inter‐related: therapeutic change, and economic justice. In AOA, the practitioner is expected to act as an advocate and to encourage clients themselves to engage in some form of social justice action. We provide a case example of using AOA in a shelter for homeless survivors of domestic violence. We also discuss some of the challenges involved in implementing the AOA approach.     

SOCIAL ROLE VALORIZATION IN COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH HOUSING: DOES IT CONTRIBUTE TO THE COMMUNITY INTEGRATION AND LIFE SATISFACTION OF PEOPLE WITH PSYCHIATRIC DISABILITIES?

Despite its importance as a theory in the development of programs for populations with disabilities, social role valorization (SRV) has received relatively little attention in community mental health research. We present findings of a study that examined the relationship of housing‐related SRV to community integration and global life satisfaction of persons with psychiatric disabilities. The housing environments and associated supports of a group of 73 persons with psychiatric disabilities living in a mid‐sized city were assessed using the PASSING rating system on the extent that their housing environments facilitated SRV. In addition, in‐person interviews were conducted to determine the levels of physical integration, psychological integration, social integration, and life satisfaction of study participants. Results showed SRV contributing directly to all three types of community integration. Psychological integration was found to mediate the relationship between SRV and life satisfaction. Implications of the findings are discussed.     

The relationship of avowed life satisfaction to public acceptance of and expectations about a nuclear power plant

As part of a longitudinal study of the social and psychological effects of a nuclear plant in Hartsville, Tennessee, this study examined the relationship between avowed life satisfaction and acceptance of a nuclear plant and perceptions about the likelihood of its potential effects. Subjects were 288 residents of the Hartsville area who were privately interviewed in August, 1975. Results indicated no differences between respondents with low- and high-avowed life satisfaction in either acceptance of the plant or perceptions of five groups of potential effects (social disruption, hazards, increased business, outside recognition, and economic benefit). However, as expected, people with higher levels of avowed life satisfaction showed greater consistency between acceptance of the nuclear plant and perceptions of the likelihood of two of five groups of effects of the nuclear plant (increased business, outside recognition). Avowed life satisfaction thus moderated the relationship of acceptance of the nuclear plant and expectations about it. Future research on social impact assessment should recognize the possibility that different processes may underlie acceptance of a large-scale environmental change for persons with high and low levels of life satisfaction.     

生活事件与社会资源对留守儿童生活满意度的影响

目的:了解留守儿童生活满意度基本情况,探讨社会资源在生活事件对留守儿童满意度影响中的调节作用,为进一步提升留守儿童心理健康教育提供依据。方法:采用自编一般情况调查表、学生总体生活满意度(SLSS)、青少年自评生活事件量表(ASLEC)和自编青少年社会资源量表对湖南某市农村地区两所中学的1313名11~17(13.66±4.72)岁留守儿童开展调查。结果:(1)留守儿童的受惩罚和其他生活事件两个因子在性别方面有显著差异;(2)单留守儿童(父母一方外出务工)生活满意度得分显著高于双留守儿童(父母双方外出务工)(t=5.32,P0.001);(3)生活事件、社会资源和满意度之间两两显著相关(P0.01);(4)社会资源与生活事件的交互作用能解释生活满意度水平方差变异的0.5%(F=4.43,P0.05),社会资源在生活事件与满意度之间调节效应显著。结论:生活事件对留守儿童满意度有影响,社会资源在其中起到调节保护作用。     

Lifestyle and mental health of adult women: links with role attainment and personality

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lifestyle and women's mental health, as mediated by role attainment, life satisfaction and personality. A questionnaire was completed by 751 adult women (age 25-65) with children. Based on participation in work and social activities, subjects were divided into four lifestyle groups. In mental health scores, no significant differences were found among these four groups. Although life satisfaction and attainment of life performance (e.g., as wife, mother, worker, or social activist) did not show significant differences, profiles of personality differed by lifestyles. In addition, each role attainment, life satisfaction and each personality dimension influenced mental health differently according to lifestyles. Results indicated that the quality of wife-role performance, character dimensions in personality and life satisfaction were important component of promotion of better mental health.     

自尊在高师生孤独感与生活满意度间的中介作用

目的考察高师生自尊、孤独感与生活满意度三者之间的关系。方法采用自尊量表、感情与社会孤独量表和生活满意度量表对328名高师生进行调查。结果①相关分析表明,自尊、孤独感与生活满意度两两显著相关(r=0.12~0.38,P<0.05);②回归分析表明,自尊是影响生活满意度的不完全中介。Sobel检验表明,自尊的中介效应显著(Z=-3.85,P<0.01)。结论中介效应检验表明,自尊在高师生孤独感与主观幸福感之间起部分中介作用。     

Psychosocial functioning of spouses in the chronic phase after stroke: Improvement or deterioration between 1 and 3 years after stroke?

OBJECTIVE: To describe the psychosocial functioning of spouses of stroke patients at 1 and 3 years after stroke and identify predictors of substantial negative change in psychosocial functioning. METHODS: Prospective study (N=119). Five domains of psychosocial functioning were assessed: burden, life satisfaction, depression, harmony in the relationship and social support. We used paired t-tests to describe changes and identified substantial changes using an Effect Size of 0.5 as the cut-off point. RESULTS: Fifty-one percent reported significant burden, 46% were dissatisfied with life and 51% reported depressive symptoms 1 year after the stroke. Changes in psychosocial functioning between 1 and 3 years post stroke were reported by 27%-57% of the spouses. Although burden improved, life satisfaction, social support and harmony in the relationship deteriorated significantly. The percentage of spouses with depressive symptoms remained stable. Spouses with young children were at risk of deteriorating psychosocial functioning. CONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of spouses experience serious caregiver burden, depression and decreased life satisfaction, 1 year as well as 3 years after the stroke, and harmony in the relationship, social support and life satisfaction decline over time. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Rehabilitation programmes should give more attention to the relationship with the patient's partner, family life and the maintenance of a support network.     

高职院校教师工作压力、组织公平感与工作倦怠的关系

目的研究湖南省高职院校教师工作压力、组织公平感与工作倦怠的关系。方法采用工作倦怠问卷、教师工作压力问卷、组织公平感量表对湖南省各地市12所高职院校的在岗教师进行调查。结果高职院校教师的工作压力和工作倦怠间存在显著正相关(r=0.430,P<0.01);高职院校教师的组织公平感各维度和工作倦怠各维度呈显著负相关(P<0.01);组织公平感是工作压力和工作倦怠之间的中介变量(β引入前=0.463,β引入后=0.176,P<0.01;F工作倦怠(1,309)=36.85,P<0.001)。结论高职院校教师的工作压力越大,工作倦怠程度就越严重,组织公平感可较好地缓解因工作压力带来的工作倦怠感。     

CONCEPTUALIZING SOCIAL INTEGRATION AMONG FORMERLY HOMELESS ADULTS WITH SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS

The multiple dimensions of social integration among formerly homeless adults with severe mental illness have not been well‐studied. Previous studies have focused on clinical measures or narrow components of social integration. We used a multisite study of chronically homeless adults who were provided housing to (a) identify the main factors related to social integration, (b) examine the association between clinical symptoms and social integration, and (c) examine whether social integration is associated with life satisfaction. A factor analysis identified six components of social integration: housing, community participation, civic activities, religious faith, social support, and treatment support. Social integration was found to be largely independent of clinical symptoms and had only a weak association with life satisfaction. These findings suggest supported housing programs needed to focus on improving client outcomes in several domains of social integration regardless of symptoms and that additional efforts are needed to improve life satisfaction among clients.     

城市居民生活满意感与心理健康的相关研究

目的探讨生活满意感对心理健康的影响。方法对286名宁波市民,采用自编的生活满意感量表、SCL-90症状自评量表进行问卷调查。结果①在不同群体总体生活满意感的比较中,不同职业状况、个人月收入、家庭月收入的群体闻存在极显著的差异,而不同性别、年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况的群体闻没有显著差异。②城市居民的总体满意感处在一般和较满意之间,在3个生活满意度因子中．满意度最高的是人际关系和健康状况因子。③社会物质生活条件和社会地位因子与SCL-90大部分因子的相关达到显著水平。④生活满意感水平高、低两组被试在SCL-90的绝大部分因子上的差异达到显著水平。结论个体的主观满意感水平能够影响个体的心理健康感。     

Life satisfaction and social anxiety among left-behind children in rural China: The mediating role of loneliness

This study examined the mediating effects of loneliness in the relationship between social anxiety and life satisfaction. Four hundred and forty two left-behind children in rural China, who completed the Social Anxiety Subscale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale, participated in the study. Results indicated that compared with both parent migration children, the scores of life satisfaction in the mother-only and father-only migration children were strongly higher, but did not differ across genders and ages. Additionally, social anxiety and loneliness negative predicted life satisfaction. More important, the mediation analysis revealed a partial mediating effect of loneliness in the links from social anxiety to life satisfaction. These findings call on more attention from the government and related sectors of society, and propose that loneliness improvement program may have a preventive function for promoting the life satisfaction among left-behind children.     

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FAMILY AND NEIGHBORHOOD INCOME AND FIRST‐GENERATION LATINO ADULTS’ DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND Well‐BEING

This study examines relationships between family and neighborhood income and depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and financial satisfaction among first‐generation immigrant Dominican (N = 255), Puerto Rican (N = 242), and Mexican (N = 212) adults. Results from random intercept regression models revealed family income to be consistently predictive of outcomes across samples. However, this relationship was moderated by neighborhood income. The interaction between family and neighborhood income was related to life satisfaction among Puerto Rican and Mexican samples and to financial satisfaction among all three samples, although the shape of the interactions differed. For lower income Dominican and Puerto Rican adults, living in a higher income neighborhood was associated with increases in satisfaction. In comparison, living in a higher income neighborhood was associated with decreases in satisfaction among lower income Mexican adults. Access to neighborhood resources and social comparisons are proposed as potential underlying mechanisms.     

本科护生情绪智力、领悟社会支持对主观幸福感的影响

目的:探讨本科护生情绪智力、领悟社会支持对主观幸福感的影响作用。方法:对蚌埠医学院和皖南医学院958名本科护生采用情绪智力量表、领悟社会支持量表和主观幸福感量表进行问卷调查。结果:1本科女护生生活满意度和积极情感得分高于本科男护生,但本科男护生消极情感得分显著高于本科女护生(t=4.01,P0.01);本科护生在生活满意度和积极情感得分从一年级至四年级逐渐递增,不同年级的本科护生在生活满意度(F=11.78,P0.01)、积极情感(F=12.32,P0.01)、消极情感上有差异(F=11.26,P0.01);2情绪智力、领悟社会支持、生活满意度以及积极情感两两之间呈显著正相关(r=0.27~0.58,P0.01),情绪智力、领悟社会支持、生活满意度、积极情感与消极情感存在显著的负相关(r=-0.33~-0.38,P0.01);3领悟社会支持是情绪智力与生活满意度、积极情感、消极情感之间的中介变量,领悟社会支持在情绪智力对主观幸福感的影响中起部分中介作用。结论:1本科护生主观幸福感较好,心理健康状况良好;2本科护生通过合理感知、调节、控制和运用情绪去解决实际问题、拥有更好的人际交往,最终增加幸福感体验。     

高师生社会支持、自尊与生活满意度的关系研究

目的 探讨社会支持、自尊和生活满意度的关系.方法 采用社会支持评定量表、自尊量表与生活满意度量表对328名高师生进行调查.结果 ①相关分析表明,除客观支持与自尊没有显著相关(r=0.10,P>0.05),其它变量均两两显著正相关(r=0.13～0.29,P<0.05);②回归分析表明,自尊是影响生活满意度的不完全中介....     

服刑人员攻击行为特征及与公正感知的关系

目的:为了解服刑人员的攻击行为和公正感知的现状及关系。方法:以(罪犯)修订版AQ问卷、公正世界信念量表为工具,抽取贵州省某监狱和河南省某监狱791名轻刑犯为对象,统计方法采用描述性统计、差异检验、相关分析和回归分析等。结果:1服刑人员攻击行为处于一般靠上水平,公正感知不高;2不同受教育水平的服刑人员在愤怒和敌意得分有显著差异(F=4.52,3.03;P0.05)。不同刑期的服刑人员在愤怒、敌意和个人公正得分有显著差异(F=5.762,7.132,3.322;P0.05)。不同家庭关系的服刑人员在愤怒、敌意和躯体攻击因子得分存在显著差异(F=3.679,6.074,2.643;P0.05);3公正感知与攻击行为存在负相关,言语攻击和敌意对公正感知有显著的负向预测作用(Beta=-0.141,-0.095)。结论:服刑人员攻击行为影响公正感知。     

Monthly income and subjective well-being of Croatian citizens

Aim

To examine differences in subjective well-being among people with different household income.

Method

Data were obtained from the national survey conducted in June 2005, in which a representative sample of 896 participants were administered a questionnaire on several measures of subjective well-being as follows: happiness, life satisfaction, and satisfaction with different life domains (personal and national well-being index). One-way ANOVA was performed to test the differences in subjective well-being measures between participants grouped into six categories according to their monthly income.

Results

Happiness and life satisfaction ratings, as well as ratings of satisfaction with several life domains differed significantly between groups of people with different monthly income. Respondents with higher income felt happier (P<0.001), more satisfied with their life as a whole (P<0.001), more satisfied with their material status (P<0.001), health (P<0.001), achievement (P<0.001), future security (P = 0.001), economic situation (P = 0.001), state of the environment (P = 0.003), and social conditions in Croatia (P = 0.003). However, no significant differences were found between the two groups with the lowest income (€0-70 and €71-130 per person per month), nor between the two groups with the highest income (€401-530 and €531+ per person per month).

Conclusion

Our study showed that income and material wealth had an influence on subjective well-being in contemporary Croatian society, which is undergoing major social and economical changes.The sources of subjective well-being have recently been extensively studied. The central question is whether money can buy happiness, or in other words, what the relationship between objective and subjective evaluations and perceptions of life is. The research conducted so far at both the nation and household level has shown that the wealthy tend to be happier than the poor. However, no clear relationship could be established when countries are compared, which is known as “Easterlin paradox” (1). If we compare subjective well-being measures across countries, it can be seen that economic indicators, usually gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, contribute to subjective well-being increase in an almost linear way in the countries with lower GDP. However, this is not the case in countries that are above a certain income level, where the relationship between the rise of the income and the subjective well-being is not so strong. In their study conducted in 65 countries, Inglehard and Klingeman (2) found that happiness and life satisfaction increased proportionally until a GDP of US $13 000 was reached, after which no significant association between wealth and subjective well-being could be noticed. Similar results reappeared in some other studies (3). As societies become ever wealthier, the differences in well-being are less connected to income and more to factors like social relationships, emotions, and satisfaction (4).However, the studies conducted within a country typically discover a positive relationship between subjective well-being and income (5). A recent study conducted in 28 European countries has shown that within a country people with high incomes have higher quality of life than poor people (6).Croatia, with GDP of US $8674 in 2005 (7), can be viewed as a country in which both national and personal wealth could boost subjective well-being. Previous research showed that overall happiness in Croatian population increased in the period of 1995-2003, which can partly be a result of the increasing economic stability of the country (8). The level of happiness of Croatian citizens in 2003 was compared with the data obtained from 28 European countries in the same year (9), and Croatia was ranked 19th among all the studied countries (10).We performed a within-country analysis of subjective well-being of Croatian citizens. Specifically, we aimed to explore the differences in subjective well-being among people with different household incomes. There are many ways to measure subjective well-being, from global indicators (life satisfaction, happiness) to more specific, personal indicators (satisfaction with specific life domains) (4). Our study used both cognitive and affective components of subjective well-being, as well as satisfaction with specific life domains.     

癌症患者生命质量对生活满意度的影响

目的以人格特质内外向维度为调节变量探讨癌症患者生命质量与生活满意度的关系。方法采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)修订版、EORTC生命质量测定量表QLQ-C30(V3.0)中文版以及生活满意度指数A量表对183名唐山市人民医院的癌症患者进行问卷调查。结果①癌症患者生命质量中躯体功能、情绪功能、认知功能和社会功能4个领域以及总体健康状况与生活满意度指数A呈正相关(P0.05,P0.01),癌症患者生命质量中疲倦、恶心与呕吐、疼痛、气促、失眠、便秘、腹泻、经济困难8个症状领域与生活满意度指数A呈负相关(P0.05,P0.01);②癌症患者的生命质量对生活满意度有显著的正向预测作用(β=0.209,P0.01),而癌症患者的人格特质E对于患者生命质量对生活满意度的关系有显著的负向调节作用(β=-0.601,P0.05)。结论癌症患者的生命质量越高,生活满意程度越高,人格特质E对患者生命质量与生活满意度的关系有明显的弱化作用。