妇产科护士工作倦怠现象的调查

目的了解妇产科护士工作倦怠现状,为改善护士身心健康、提高护士工作质量提供参考依据。方法采用护士工作倦怠量表调查三明市118名妇产科护士,并分析其工作倦怠水平。结果妇产科护士情感耗竭得分较Maslach常模高,而去人格化、个人成就感得分较Maslach常模低（P〈0．01）;初级职称护士、合同制护士工作倦怠分别较中级职称、编制内护士明显（P〈0．05）;已婚护士情感耗竭的维度高于未婚护士（P〈0．01）,而去人格化和个人成就感的维度虽高于未婚护士,但两组比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论医院管理者应高度关注妇产科护士群体的工作倦怠现象,给予人性化管理,以利于护理质量的提高。     

手术室护士工作疲溃感的调查与分析

目的探讨手术室护士的工作疲溃感的情况,为护理管理者减轻护士的工作疲溃感、提高工作效率及护理质量提供依据。方法使用Maslach工作疲溃感量表对100名手术室护士进行调查。结果手术室护士的工作疲溃感处于中高度耗竭,表现为情绪疲溃感和工作冷漠感为中度耗竭,而个人成就感处于高度耗竭。手术室护士工作疲溃感的程度高于普通病房的护士。结论护理管理者要重视手术室护士的工作疲溃感,从管理和个人角度减少或消除手术室护士的工作压力源,减轻工作疲溃感,提高护理服务质量。     

急诊护士工作疲溃感及应对方式调查分析

目的:调查急诊护士的工作疲溃感情况,探讨工作疲溃感与应对方式及其他因素的关系,为减轻急诊护士的工作疲溃感,提高工作效率及护理质量提供依据。方法:使用Maslach工作疲溃感量表和简易应对方式问卷对北京市4家县级医院107名急诊护士进行问卷调查。结果:急诊护士的工作疲溃感处于中高度耗竭。积极应对方式与情绪枯竭(EE)、去人格化倾向(DP)呈负相关,与个人成就感(PA)呈正相关;消极应对方式与情绪枯竭(EE)呈正相关;健康状况、家庭支持、工作态度与情绪枯竭(EE)和去人格化倾向(DP)呈负相关;工作态度与个人成就感(PA)呈正相关。结论:护理管理者要重视并采取措施降低急诊护士的工作疲溃感,急诊护士应在生活和工作中采取积极应对策略以减轻疲溃感。     

武警某部医院护士职业倦怠状态的调查分析

目的 了解武警某部医院护士职业倦怠的状况.方法 便利抽取武警某部医院护士126名作为主要研究对象,便利抽取地方某二级甲等医院各科室护士142名作为对比研究对象.采用Maslach职业调查通用量表(MBI-GS)进行调查.结果 武警某部医院护士在情绪衰竭和情感疏离维度上存在中等程度的倦怠水平,但在低自我价值感维度上未达到倦怠水平.在低自我价值感维度上,部队医院护士倦怠水平低于地方护士(P＜0.05);而在情感疏离维度上,部队护士倦怠水平高于地方护士(P＜0.05).不同岗位、工龄、职称的部队医院护士职业倦怠比较,差异有统计学意义;临床科护士在情绪衰竭和情感疏离维度上的倦怠水平高于非临床科室(P＜0.05);在低个人成就感维度上,小于5年工龄的护士职业倦怠水平高于其他工龄组的护士(P＜0.05);在情感衰竭及低自我价值感维度上,初级职称的护士职业倦怠水平高于高级职称的护士(P＜0.05).结论 针对武警部队医院护士职业倦怠水平的状况,应该有针对性地采取干预措施解决护士的职业倦怠问题,从而提高护士的心理健康水平.     

Relationships between stressors, work supports, and burnout among cancer nurses

This pilot study investigated the relationships between stressors, work supports, and burnout among cancer nurses. One hundred and one registered nurses, employed at a major specialist oncology, metropolitan Australian hospital, completed self-report questionnaires measuring these constructs and provided responses to open-ended questions. The 50 listed stressors were experienced as sources of stress by more than 50% of the sample; most work support came from peers, rather than supervisor and organizational supports; and the overall level of burnout for the sample was moderate to low. Significant positive correlations were found between Stressors and the Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization subscales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and a significant weak positive correlation between Peer Support and Personal Accomplishment (intensity). Findings are discussed in relation to developing strategies for reducing stress and burnout among cancer nurses, and directions for further study are suggested.     

Burnout and its correlates among nursing staff: questionnaire survey

AIM: This paper is a report of a study to determine the burnout level and its correlates in nurses. BACKGROUND: Healthcare providers and especially nurses are generally considered a high risk group regarding work stress and burnout and this syndrome has been a major concern in the field of occupational health. METHOD: The study was carried out at a university hospital in Turkey during May-June 2005. A total of 418 nurses from the 474 working at the hospital at the time (88.2%) answered a self-administered questionnaire including the Maslach Burnout Inventory. FINDINGS: All the nurses were female, with a mean age of 30.6 (5.4) and a median age of 29 years. The mean score was 17.99(6.35) for the Emotional Exhaustion subscale, 5.72 (3.87) for the Depersonalization subscale and 19.83 (4.66) for the Personal Accomplishment subscale. Emotional Exhaustion decreased with increasing age (P < 0.05). Total time in the job, weekly working hours, shift-working and the unit where employed influenced burnout scores (P < 0.05). Not being happy with relations with superiors, not finding the job suitable, feeling anxious about the future, perceived poor health, problems with personal life and financial difficulties were also factors influencing burnout scale scores (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to consider nurses having the characteristics shown as the correlates of burnout in this study as a target group, to screen periodically the burnout status and improve their working conditions, especially relationships with colleagues.     

我院急诊科护士职业倦怠现状调查

目的了解我院急诊科护士的职业倦怠状况。方法采用问卷调查法，对我院64名急诊科护士及256名其他科室护士的职业倦怠状况进行调查。结果急诊科护士与其他科室护士相比，在情感耗竭、去人性化和个人成就感降低3个维度上得分较高，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论急诊科护士的职业倦怠程度较为严重，需要采取多种措施改变这种状况。     

Burnout among hospital nurses in China

Aim  The aim of this study was to examine the level of burnout and factors that contribute to burnout in hospital nurses in the People's Republic of China.
Background  While burnout among hospital nurses has been widely researched in western countries, little research has investigated burnout among hospital nurses in China.
Method  A translated version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was used to measure burnout in 249 randomly selected nurses from various wards of a large teaching hospital in Beijing, China. Questionnaire packs were sent to the hospital wards where selected nurses worked. One hundred and twenty-eight nurses returned the completed questionnaire. The response rate was 51%.
Results  The results showed moderate levels of Emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment, and low levels of Depersonalization. Age, years of experience and professional title had a significant positive relationship with Emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment. Older, married nurses with more personal responsibilities and in a more senior position experienced higher levels of Emotional Exhaustion.
Conclusion  The findings suggest that burnout is a significant issue for nurses in China.
Implications for nursing management  The results of this study indicate that working environment factors such as relationships with coworkers and managers may contribute to or mitigate burnout. There is a need to address personal and professional support, life-work balance, personal accomplishment and educational programmes to reduce burnout in nurses working in China.     

精神科与综合科护士工作倦怠及心理健康状况研究

目的通过对精神科与综合科护士工作倦怠和心理健康状况的比较,为制订预防、干预措施、提高护理质量提供依据。方法采用护士工作倦怠量表、症状自评量表对165名精神科护士和145名综合科护士进行调查,并分析其工作倦怠水平与心理健康状况。结果精神科护士情感耗竭、去人格化因子分均低于综合科护士（P〈0．01）,个人成就感因子得分二者差异无统计学意义。精神科护士心理健康水平略高于综合科护士,强迫症状、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性因子得分差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论精神科护士工作倦怠、心理健康水平总体好于综合科护士。     

Prevalence of burnout in mental health nurses in China: A meta-analysis of observational studies

ObjectiveBurnout is common in mental health nurses because of work-related stress. Burnout has a negative impact on nurses' health and work performance. The prevalence of high burnout in mental health nurses has been inconclusive across studies. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of high burnout in mental health nurses in China.MethodsElectronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang and SinoMed) were independently and systematically searched from their commencement date up to 14 May 2018. Studies that reported the prevalence of any of the 3 burnout dimensions (high Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and low Personal Accomplishment (PA)) as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were included and analyzed using the random-effects model.ResultsA total of 19 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of high EE was 28.1% (95% CI: 20.4–35.8%), DP was 25.4% (18.1–32.6%) and low PA was 39.7% (28.3–51.1%). Subgroup analyses found that short working experience, use of MBI-Human Services Survey (HSS), and younger age had moderating effects on prevalence of high burnout.ConclusionsBurnout is common in mental health nurses in China. Considering its negative impact on health and work performance, regular screening, preventive measures and effective interventions should be implemented.     

Predictors of Burnout in Children's Residential Treatment Center Staff

This study explored burnout among frontline staff within a children's residential treatment center (RTC) population. Data were collected from 375 full-time, frontline, children's RTC staff employed at 21 RTCs in Illinois. Using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), results indicated that frontline staff age, training, empathic concern, communicative responsiveness, neuroticism, extraversion, job satisfaction, and managerial support were associated with subscales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Further, burnout scores varied significantly at the provider level of analysis for the Emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment subscales of the MBI, lending support to the hypothesis that organizational variables may be associated with workers' burnout experiences. These findings have implications for personnel hiring, burnout prevention, and future research on the organizational correlates of burnout.     

Mediación de la resiliencia entre burnout y salud en el personal de Enfermería

AimsTo determine the relationships between 3 burnout dimensions (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Reduced Personal Accomplishment), health (physical and mental health), and resilience, as well as to analyse the mediator role of resilience in relationships between burnout and health in a sample of Nursing staff.MethodA correlational and cross-sectional study with probabilistic sampling was conducted on a sample of 194 Nursing staff of University Hospital of Fuenlabrada (Madrid), and composed of nurses (n = 133) and nursing assistants (n = 61). Instruments: MBI-HSS (burnout syndrome), SF-12v1 (physical and mental components of health), 10-Item CD-RISC (resilience), and sociodemographic variables.ResultsCorrelational analyses showed that mental health was negatively related with 3 burnout dimensions and positively with resilience. Furthermore, physical health was only negatively related with Emotional Exhaustion, and positively with resilience. Mediational analyses revealed that resilience mediated, on one hand, the relationship between Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization with mental health (partial mediation) and, on the other hand, the relationship between Reduced Personal Accomplishment and mental health (total mediation).ConclusionsResilience is not only important to improve the mental health of Nursing staff, but also to buffer and minimize the negative consequences of the occupational stress to which they are at risk, with its most adverse result being signs of burnout. Therefore, resilience training should be promoted to improve nursing clinical practice.     

STAFF BURNOUT AND ABSENTEEISM THROUGH SERVICE TRANSITION: FROM HOSPITAL TO HOSTEL

Residential nursing staff were asked to complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) each month for a total of six months throughout a service transition involving the move of a group of men with profound learning disabilities, some with additional challenging behaviours, from two hospital wards to a community-living orientated hostel. The MBI was used to measure the effect on staff of the intense reorganisation in their working environment. Significant increases in Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalisation, and a (non significant) decrease in Personal Accomplishment were found during the transition. Levels reverted to baseline following the move, but burnout remained above the mean of a previously published study, for two of the three dimensions. Levels of absenteeism largely mirrored the pattern of the MBI scores, with a one-month lapse between high burnout and high absenteeism, supporting previous research indicating an association between the two.     

Burnout and AIDS care-related factors in HIV community clinical nurse specialists in the North of England

Burnout in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) care nursing is well described in the literature from a hospital based perspective. No studies into the effects of AIDS care and burnout have been carried out within the community setting. A two-stage, mixed method study was carried out. In Stage one 30 Clinical Nurse Specialists in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS from the North of England completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the AIDS Impact Scale. For Stage two five practitioners were selected randomly for semi-structured interview. Burnout morbidity was significant. Sixty-six per cent of informants scored as moderate or high burnout cases on the emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment subscales of the MBI. Only three per cent scored as cases on the depersonalization subscale. Links between the close involvement of practitioners with clients, death of clients, isolation, stigma and discrimination and the availability of support and supervision were identified as significant factors in AIDS care within this population that contributed to stress and burnout. Paradoxically, informants found the close relationships with clients, the autonomy of isolation and the exclusive nature of AIDS care positive aspects of their practice. The role of support and supervision in facilitating the continuance of a close empathic and therapeutic relationship and the prevention of an over-involved, isolated and stressful relationship is proposed as a way forward.     

Relationships among structural empowerment, psychological empowerment, and burnout in registered staff nurses working in outpatient dialysis centers

This study explored relationships among structural empowerment, psychological empowerment, and burnout in registered staff nurses working in outpatient hemodialysis settings. The sample consisted of 233 registered staff nurses. The Emotional Exhaustion Subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Conditions for Work Effectiveness II Questionnaire, and Psychological Empowerment Instrument were used to measure variables. Findings indicate that in this population of nurses, there is a significant inverse relationship between structured empowerment and burnout.     

Stress, job satisfaction, coping, and psychological distress among emergency medical technicians

INTRODUCTION: Although several studies link job-related stressors with adverse reactions among emergency medical technicians (EMTs), more standardized research is needed, since much remains unknown about stress responses, coping styles and their consequences for EMTs. This paper presents the results of two studies. Study I investigated the relation between job-related stressors, job satisfaction, and psychological distress, while Study II investigated how coping is related to occupational burnout, job-related stress, and physiological arousal. HYPOTHESIS: Study I: Those EMTs experiencing greater job-related stressors are less satisfied with their jobs and more psychologically distressed. OBJECTIVE, STUDY II: To obtain preliminary information about which coping strategies are associated with greater feelings of stress and burnout and more intense autonomic nervous system reactivity. METHODS: For both studies, EMTs from a large, urban, public EMS organization in the southern United States were asked to participate. Study I: Subjects completed an informed consent document, a demographics questionnaire, a measure of job stress (the Stress Diagnosis Inventory), a measure of job satisfaction (Job-in-General), and a measure of psychological symptomatology (Symptom Checklist-90, Revised). Pearson product-moment correlations were computed between the measures. Study II: Subjects completed an informed consent document, a demographics/information sheet, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Ways of Coping Scale (WOCS). They then completed 30 days of monitoring using the Daily Stress Inventory (DSI) and the Daily Autonomic Nervous System Response Inventory (DANSRI). Pearson product-moment correlations were computed between the measures. RESULTS: Study I: Those EMTs who experienced greater job-related stress also were significantly more dissatisfied with their jobs, more depressed, anxious, hostile, and endorsed greater global psychological distress. Study II: The Depersonalization subscale on the MBI correlated significantly with the following WOCS subscales: Accepting Responsibility, Confrontive Coping, Distancing, and Escape/Avoidance. Emotional Exhaustion on the MBI correlated significantly with Confrontive Coping, Escape/Avoidance, and Social Support, while data obtained on the 40 subjects who completed the daily monitoring revealed that DSI-Impact, DANSRI-Number, and DANSRI-Impact scores each correlated significantly with Accepting Responsibility, Confrontive Coping, and Escape/Avoidance. CONCLUSION: A significant portion of an EMT's job satisfaction and psychological well-being is associated with the degree to which they are experiencing job-related stress, and, furthermore, this distress level appears to be clinically elevated. This implies that in-service programs and psychological support services designed to help EMTs manage their job-related stress may improve job satisfaction and decrease psychological distress. The coping styles most consistently associated with maladaptive outcomes were: Accepting Responsibility, Confrontive Coping, and Escape/Avoidance. Thus, subjects who were more likely to handle stress with self-blame, aggression, hostility, and risk taking or with wishful thinking, escape tendencies, and avoidance were more likely to endorse more negative outcomes.     

Impact of post-traumatic stress disorder and job-related stress on burnout: a study of fire service workers

Burnout and stress are common, related problems in service professionals, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a major concern among fire service workers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of PTSD and job-related stressors on burnout. A total of 243 fire service workers completed questionnaires, including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and Japan Brief Job Stress Questionnaire. Relationships were found between PTSD and burnout, and between job stressors and burnout. Social support reduced the impact on burnout. Stressors that impacted on burnout in fire service personnel were PTSD-related acute stress and general job-related chronic stress. Countermeasures, not only against job stress, but also against PTSD-related stress, are essential to prevent burnout. Social support and the development of human relationships in the work place are crucial in mitigating burnout.     

The relationship of burnout, use of coping strategies and curricular program of registered nurses

This study examined the relationships of nursing curricular program, burnout, and use of coping strategies among 150 randomly selected staff nurses from four hospitals. The instruments used were the frequency dimension of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) and the Ways of Coping (Revised) (Folkman & Lazarus, 1985). Discriminant analysis demonstrated that (a) diploma graduates differed from associate-degree graduates in their greater experience of Emotional Exhaustion (p less than .05) and (b) baccalaureate-degree graduates differed from associate-degree graduates in their greater use of Planful Problem Solving and Confronting Coping (p less than .05). Recommendations include additional research to discover relevant factors for the greater experience of Emotional Exhaustion among diploma graduates. If related to perceptions of limited career mobility due to the lack of a baccalaureate degree, expansion of educational opportunities is indicated. Another recommendation is curricular incorporation of content on burnout and coping.     

护士生活质量与工作压力的相关性调查研究

目的 :了解护士工作压力和生活质量状况。方法 :应用生活质量量表和护士工作量表 ,测评 2 80名护士的工作压力和生活质量。结果 :“自我成就感”(PA)分值低于Maslach的样本均数 ,属中等区域 ;“情感耗竭”(EE)、“去人格化倾向”(DP)分值 ,均低于Maslach的样本均数 ,差异有显著性 ;生理领域分值低于常模 ,而社会领域和环境领域分值较常模高 ,差异有显著性。生活质量与EE、DP呈负相关 ,与PA呈正相关。不同的工作类型是影响护士生活质量的重要因素。结论 :被测试护士心理适应较好 ,心理健康水平较高 ,但生理领域分值和自我成就感偏低 ,调节护士的工作压力 ,提高自我成就感和生理领域的质量 ,是提高护士生活质量的关键。