胃灵冲剂的毒理学实验

胃灵冲剂是在古方基础上 ,结合现代化科学方法 ,经多年临床实践研制而成的治疗急慢性胃炎、胃溃疡的一种纯中药复方制剂。为了保证其临床用药安全 ,我们对其进行了毒理学实验研究 :急性毒性实验 ,L D5 0测定 ,按改进寇氏法测定腹腔注射胃灵冲剂得 L D5 0为 83.4372 g/ kg,95 %可信限为 70 .5 35 0 g/kg～ 98.6 9g/ kg。长期毒性实验 ,按 4.0 g/ kg,2 .0 g/ kg,1.0 g/ kg每天灌胃给药 ,对照组给予等量蒸馏水 ,每周灌胃 6次 ,连续 6个月 ,结果表明 :1整个实验过程中 ,各组动物一般情况好 ,未发现有外观和行为活动异常。 2各组大白鼠取血测定…     

速效咽喉灵冲剂的毒性研究

本文报告了速效咽喉灵冲剞小鼠急性毒性和大鼠60天长期毒性试验。结果表明,速效咽喉灵冲剂对小鼠灌胃给药的LD_(50)>120g/kg/d;大鼠60天长期毒性试验对动物一般状况,体重增长,外周血象、肝肾功能及病理组织学检查等未见明显毒性。     

呼宁胶囊的毒性实验研究

目的观察和测定呼宁胶囊对小白鼠的LD50和对大白鼠的长期毒性。方法急性毒性实验给小白鼠一次灌胃给药后,测定其半数致死量及其95%的可信限。长期毒性实验给3个剂量组和1个空白对照组的大白鼠连续灌胃给药90天,观察大鼠出现的毒性反应,剂量毒性效应的关系,主要靶器官毒性反应的性质和程度等。结果呼宁胶囊对小白鼠的LD50为3981mg.Kg-1,其95%的可信限为4685.5～3382.5mg.Kg-1。连续用药90天,大鼠血液分析、肝肾功能化验结果未见显著差异,重要脏器做病理解剖学及病理组织学检查均未见病理学改变。     

蛋白灵冲剂对肾病综合征患者血脂血流变影响的临床观察

脂类代谢紊乱是肾病综合征发病机理中重要因素之一.因此,纠正脂类代谢紊乱,降低血液粘度,为肾脏病的治疗提供了理论基础.几年来我们用蛋白灵冲剂治疗肾病综合征,取得了良好效果,现报告如下:     

解酒茶长期毒性实验研究

目的 :为保证解酒茶临床用药安全 ,明确无毒反应剂量 ,为人用药安全剂量提供参考。方法 :以 SD大鼠为实验对象 ,用不同剂量解酒茶灌胃 2 8d,观察其对动物的行为、体重、血液学、血液生化学、脏器系数、组织病理学的影响及停药 2周后上述指标的变化。结果 :给药早期 ,中、大剂量组动物有呃逆现象 ,偶有个别大鼠出现稀便 ,继续给药后 ,此种现象消失。中、大剂量组动物在给药 1周左右体重增长减慢 ,继续给药后又恢复到对照组水平。对血液学指标无明显影响。虽对血液生化学指标有影响 ,但变化均在正常范围内。另外大剂量组大鼠肾脏的脏器系数增高 ,但停药 2周可恢复。未发现各实验组大鼠的内脏器官有与给药相关的特征性病理变化。结论 :对大鼠未发现明显毒性反应 ,较大剂量引起的某些药物反应停药后可以恢复     

灭螨灵的灭螨效果和毒性实验

粉螨是螨类中的一大类群 ,一般孳生于温暖潮湿具有食品的场所 ,与人接触能引起螨性皮炎、肠螨症、肺螨症等多种疾病 ,其代谢产物亦是病原物质。为探讨一种对该类螨虫既有效又安全的杀灭药物 ,我们选择四川省振兴中医药科技服务公司生产的、以天然植物提取物桔皮油为主要成分的     

预防日本血吸虫尾蚴感染新药——紫香驱蚴灵对实验动物毒性的研究

紫香驱蚴灵是预防日本血吸虫尾蚴感染的新型皮肤外用药。经毒性试验研究证实，大鼠口服ＬＤ５０为２６３６（２２０７—３１４８）ｍｇ／ｋｇ，皮肤给药的ＬＤ５０＞５３２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。家兔皮肤敷药部位未见红斑和水肿，豚鼠皮肤过敏试验，未见过敏反应，表明紫香驱蚴灵属低毒类、无刺激性、弱致敏性物质，局部皮肤外用是较安全的     

蛋白灵冲剂治疗肾病综合征的临床探讨

目的探讨中药蛋白灵冲剂治疗肾病综合征的临床疗效。方法６４例病程３个月～４年的肾病综合征患者,随机分为对照组（ｎ＝３２）潘生丁＋强地松治疗。治疗组（ｎ＝３２）蛋白灵冲剂＋强地松治疗、蛋白灵冲剂每次 １０ｇ,每日 ２次, ８周为 １疗程。使用血液流变学测定仪及ＢＭＺ—Ｔ生物数据计算机检测血液流变学各指标。用全自动生化分析仪测出总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白。同时检测尿常规。治疗前后进行比较。结果治疗组各项指标的下降较对照组明显。其中胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白有效率分别为９４．６％、９２．４％、９４．７％。治疗组血液流变学各项指标与对照组有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论蛋白灵以丹参、当归、水蛙等活血化瘀中药为主,佐以黄芪降蛋白尿,可缓解肾小球硬化、增加肾血流量、消减蛋白尿,使肾小球基底膜修复,并使受损肾脏组织细胞恢复,是治疗肾病综合征的良药。     

肝原颗粒对实验动物的毒理学研究

本文报告了肝原颗粒小鼠急性毒性和大鼠90天长期毒性试验。结果表明,肝原颗粒对小鼠灌胃给药的LD_(50)>252g(生药)/kg/次;大鼠90天长期毒性试验对动物一般状况、体重增长、外周血象、肝肾功能及病理组织学检查等未见明显毒性。     

骨痹通天丸对犬的长期毒性实验研究

犬口服骨痹通天丸10g/kg/d、4g/kg/d,连续用药120d。结果显示,该制剂对犬的摄食、皮毛,粪便、行为等一般活动无影响,对生长发育无抑制,对血象、肝肾功能无损害,小剂量组对心、肝、脾、肺,肾、肾上腺无毒性,大制量组仅对肝脏有一定毒性作用,但停药15d后可自行恢复。     

纳米羟基磷灰石急性毒性试验研究

对纳米羟幕磷灰石(nano-HAP)进行急性毒性试验研究,为长期毒性试验和其他毒理学试验提供参考依据,并初步了解nano-HAP进入血液循环系统后,是否会迁移到其它器官和组织.实验选用清洁级的110～130g Wistar大鼠70只,分为7组,实验组各组剂量分别为21.66mg/kg、29.97 mg/kg、41.49 mg/kg、57.42 mg/kg、79.48 mg/kg、110.39 mg/kg,以生理盐水为对照组.单次尾静脉注射,14d内观察动物的毒性症状,记录动物死亡情况.将死亡动物解剖,对动物主要脏器进行病理组织学检查.结果显示nano-HAP在Wistar大鼠身上尾静脉注射时LD50为51.79 mg/kg,由病理结果推测实验动物的死亡原因是由血管栓塞所致.在一只最低剂量组死亡动物肝的汇管区及附近肝内有占位性蓝染无定型物,肝内灶性炎细胞浸润.说明nano-HAP颗粒在充分分散的情况下会通过血液循环进入到身体其它器官,因此有必要对nano-HAP的生物安全性进行进一步研究.     

三聚氰胺亚慢性毒性实验研究

目的研究三聚氰胺亚慢性染毒对大鼠的毒性作用。方法 SD大鼠140只,雌雄各半,随机分为4组,每组各28只。给药组以三聚氰胺0.25、0.5、1.0 g/kg进行大鼠灌胃,空白对照组给予4 ml/kg生理盐水溶液灌胃,给药30 d,停药后恢复观察15 d,分别在实验的第30、45天末取血及主要脏器,观察三聚氰胺对大鼠生长、组织病理变化、血常规、血液生化指标的影响。结果三聚氰胺对SD大鼠生长没有明显的影响,血常规指标检查结果均在正常范围内;给药末期及恢复期,0.5 g/kg组、1.0 g/kg组大鼠肾脏、膀胱质量及脏器系数高于空白对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;0.5 g/kg、1.0 g/kg组大鼠BUN、CRE、UA含量均较高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;1.0 g/kg组,肾组织间质有大量炎细胞浸润,肾小管变性、坏死,肾剖面可见大量放射状结晶。给药末期0.5 g/kg组、1.0 g/kg组尿潜血阳性率与空白对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论三聚氰胺对SD大鼠有亚慢性毒性作用,毒性作用的主要靶器官是肾、膀胱,亚慢性染毒可严重损伤肾功能,对大鼠造成的损伤在短期内不可逆,有迟发性毒性作用。     

新兵小组心理干预随访性研究

目的　了解小组心理干预对新兵心理健康状况影响的远期效果。方法　 1年后采用症状自评量表 ( SCL-90 )对经过集体及小组心理干预的 64名有心理问题的新兵进行复查。结果　 1年后 A组有效率为 77.42 %。B组有效率为 3 9.3 9% ,两组比较有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 1 )。两组 ( B组除恐怖外 )总分、阳性项目数及各项因子分明显下降 ( P<0 .0 1 )。A组总分、阳性项目数及各项因子分与 B组 (除焦虑外 )相比较下降明显 ( P<0 .0 5或 0 .0 1 )。结论　小组心理干预不仅在短期内有效改善新兵的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、人际关系敏感等常见心理问题 ,并且具有远期疗效。可推广试用。     

The toxicity of continuous long-term low-dose formaldehyde inhalation in mice

Although the toxicity of high-dose formaldehyde (FA) inhalation has been extensively analyzed in animals, the effect of continuous long-term exposure to low-dose FA has not been well documented. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity of continuous long-term low-dose FA inhalation in mice. Forty-eight Kunming male mice were equally randomized to three groups according to the dose of FA inhalation exposure: a control (0?mg/m³) group, a low-dose (0.08?mg/m³) group and a high-dose (0.8?mg/m³) group. The mice have been selected to expose to FA for different consecutive days at 24?h/day. The learning and memory functions, pathological changes in the lung and liver, and the percentage of CD4?⁺?T and CD8?⁺?T cells were observed and analyzed. It was found that continuous long-term inhalation of FA at relatively low doses could impair the learning and memory functions and induce pathological changes in the lung and liver, but did not seem to significantly affect the number of immune (CD4?⁺?T and CD8?⁺?T) cells.     

Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tud-Rak-Ka-Sai-Puu Recipe in Rats

Acute and subchronic toxicities of Tud-Rak-Ka-Sai-Puu (TR) recipe were studied in male and female rats. After 14 days of a single oral administration of test substance (5,000 mg/kg body weight), measurement of the body and organs weights, necropsy and health monitoring were performed. No signs and differences in the weights and behavior were observed relative to the control rats, suggesting that TR recipe in the dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight does not produce acute toxicity. The subchronic toxicity was determined by oral feeding in male and female rats daily with the test substance at 2, 20, 200 and 2,000 mg/kg body weight for 90 days. No defects of animal behavior were observed in the test groups. Both test and control groups (on the 90^th day) as well as the satellite group (on the 118^th day) were analyzed by measuring their final body and organ weights, taking necropsy, and examining hematology, blood clinical chemistry, and microanatomy. These results together with the information of signs, behavior and health monitoring can lead to a conclusion that an oral administration of TR recipe at 2, 20, 200 and 2,000 mg/kg body weight for 90 days did not cause subchronic toxicity.     

语义抽象性对非熟练藏英双语者语言联系的影响

目的:考察语义抽象性对非熟练藏英双语者语言联系的影响。方法:采用跨语言长时重复启动实验范式开展实验。结果:在学习阶段为英文具体词语义判断,测验阶段为藏文具体词词汇判断时,已学词的反应时与正确率与未学词相比均不存在显著差异(反应时,F_(1,31)=2.56,P0.05;正确率,F_(1,131)=1.98,P0.05),不存在跨语言长时重复启动效应;在学习阶段为英文抽象词语义判断,测验阶段为藏文抽象词词汇判断时,对已学词的反应显著快于未学词,且正确率更高,存在跨语言长时重复启动效应(反应时,F_(1,31)=17.58,P0.001;正确率,F_(1,131)=15.58,P0.05)。结论:英文抽象词与其藏文对译词之间存在直接联系,支持词汇联系模型和修正层级模型。     

大鼠真皮间充质干细胞的体外长期培养及胶原海绵对其生长的影响

从新生大鼠真皮细胞中分离多能干细胞，体外长期传代培养，观察细胞形态和超微结构的变化。检测细胞增殖和分化能力的改变及胶原基质对细胞生长的影响。揭示体外长期传代培养对大鼠真皮间充质干细胞生物学性状的影响，结果表明；大鼠真皮组织中的间充质干细胞体外培养至180d，传至25代的细胞仍具有干细胞的特征；形态的均一，细胞核结构原始，细胞器不发达；体外增殖迅速，保持了向成骨细胞和软骨细胞分化的潜能，胶原基质成分可促进细胞的生长，而胶原海绵支架更利于细胞的三维生长。结论是体外长期传代培养后大鼠真皮间充质干细胞仍保持良好的干细胞特性，为真皮间充质干细胞的深入研究与应用提供了实验依据。     

What is the patient experience following revision knee replacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the medium term patient reported outcomes

AimsRevision knee replacement is an increasingly common procedure, however, information on patient-focused outcomes is limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the medium-term patient reported outcomes following a revision knee replacement.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of MEDLINE and EMBASE (from inception to 1st March 2021) for articles reporting five year or greater patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) following revision knee replacement. A meta-analysis of PROMs data was undertaken using the Standardised Mean Difference (SMD). Quality of methodology was assessed using Wylde’s non-summative four-point system. The study was registered with PROPSERO (CRD42021199289).ResultsA total of 23 studies met the inclusion criteria containing 2414 patients at a mean minimum follow-up of 74 months (60–122). The reporting of PROMs were poorly standardised with several PROMs being used. The most commonly reported patient reported outcome was the Knee Society Score reported in 65% of studies (15/23). A meta-analysis of 629 eligible patients undergoing revision knee replacement revealed a significant improvement in pre-operative state with a SMD 2·05 95% CI 0.87, 3.23.ConclusionThis systematic review has found a significant and sustained improvement in patient-reported outcomes following a revision knee arthroplasty beyond five years. We found a variation in the usage and administration of PROMs which hinders a clear synthesis of results. Furthermore, the PROMs have not been robustly tested for validity in the context of a revision knee replacement.     

Kindling of the lateral septum and the amygdala: effects on anxiety in rats

Long-term kindling of limbic system structures may produce substantial changes in emotional behavior in rats. This study examined long-term changes in two kindled structures that have opposite effects on anxiety, the lateral septum and the central nucleus of the amygdala. The purpose of the experiment was to examine the specificity of the emotional effects of kindling by employing a double dissociation design. Animals were tested in two common animal models of anxiety, the water-lick conflict test and the elevated plus-maze. In the conflict test amygdala-kindled animals demonstrated a significant anxiolytic effect when compared with sham-kindled animals. This effect was potentiated by chlordiazepoxide. Septally-kindled animals exhibited a significant anticonflict effect when compared to sham-kindled animals in the first session. Septally-kindled animals spent significantly more time on the open arms of the elevated plus-maze than did sham-kindled animals. Observed changes persisted 6 weeks after the termination of 150 kindling sessions. The effects of long-term kindling were highly consistent with those of disruption rather than facilitation.