锌—金属硫蛋白对大鼠皮肤烫伤创面的影响

目的 研究Wistar大鼠深Ⅱ度烧伤后皮肤活力的下降与脂质过氧化反应的关系。方法 以氧耗量、琥珀酸脱氢酶、Schiff’s碱及创面愈合时间为指标,以金属硫蛋白作为保护剂外用于烫伤创面,分别采用空白对照及5×10^-6mol/L,1×10^-5mol/L两种浓度,测定伤后8,24,48h各项指标的变化。结果 皮肤氧耗量、琥珀酸脱氢酶活性下降,Schiffs碱含量明显升高。应用金属硫蛋白保护后,皮肤活性（氧耗及琥珀酸脱氢酶含量）均显著高于对照组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）,同时Schiff’s碱含量下降（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）,创面愈合时间平均提前2天。结论 烫伤组织损伤与脂质过氧化反应有一定的关系,而金属硫蛋白有一定保护作用。     

锌-金属硫蛋白对大鼠皮肤烫伤创面的影响

目的研究 Wistar 大鼠深Ⅱ度烧伤后皮肤活力的下降与脂质过氧化反应的关系。方法以氧耗量、琥珀酸脱氢酶、Schiff's 碱及创面愈合时间为指标,以金属硫蛋白作为保护剂外用于烫伤创面,分别采用空白对照及5×10~(-6)mol/L,1×10~(-5) mol/L 两种浓度,测定伤后8,24,48h 各项指标的变化。结果皮肤氧耗量、琥珀酸脱氢酶活性下降,Schiffs 碱含量明显升高。应用金属硫蛋白保护后,皮肤活性(氧耗及琥珀酸脱氢酶含量)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05或 P<0.01),同时Schiff's 碱含量下降(P<0.05或 P<0.01),创面愈合时间平均提前2天。结论烫伤组织损伤与脂质过氧化反应有一定的关系,而金属硫蛋白有一定保护作用。     

锌对烫伤大鼠肝脏金属硫蛋白的影响

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in liver metallothionein (MT) in scalded rats. METHODS: The scalded rats in deficient zinc condition were fed with diets containing zinc 4 micrograms/g, 10 micrograms/g, and 80 micrograms/g respectively. The changes in serum zinc, liver zinc and liver MT were observed. RESULTS: The serum zinc decreased, liver zinc and MT increased. The higher diet zinc levels were, The higher serum zinc, liver zinc and MT became. The correlation analysis showed that the changes between liver zinc level and liver MT was positive relationship(r = 0.85, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Serum zinc decrease, liver zinc increase after burn. This is connect with increment of MT synthesis in liver, zinc is inducer to MT. It can improve synthesis of liver MT.     

锌对烫伤大鼠肝脏金属硫蛋白的影响

目的　探讨烫伤大鼠补锌后金属硫蛋白（ Ｍｅｔａｌｌｏｔｈｉｏｎｅｉｎ Ｍ Ｔ） 的变化。方法　观察了 Ｓ Ｄ 大鼠在缺锌状态下烫伤,进食缺锌（４μｇ／ｇ） 、低锌（１０μｇ／ｇ） 、高锌（８０μｇ／ｇ） 三种含锌量不同饲料,其血清锌、肝脏锌、肝 Ｍ Ｔ 的变化。结果　血清锌下降,肝脏锌、肝脏 Ｍ Ｔ 升高,含锌量越大,血清锌、肝脏锌、肝脏 Ｍ Ｔ 越高。高锌组最明显,肝脏 Ｍ Ｔ 高出低锌组９ 倍（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。相关分析表明,肝脏锌与肝 Ｍ Ｔ 的变化呈正相关（ ｒ ＝ ０８５ , Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。结论　烫伤后血清锌下降肝脏锌增加,与肝脏 Ｍ Ｔ 合成增多有关;锌是 Ｍ Ｔ 的诱导剂,促进 Ｍ Ｔ 的合成。     

锌对烫伤大鼠肝脏金属硫蛋白的影响

目的探讨烫伤大鼠补锌后金属硫蛋白(Metallothionein MT)的变化。方法观察了SD 大鼠在缺锌状态下烫伤,进食缺锌(4μg/g)、低锌(10μg/g)、高锌(80μg/g)三种含锌量不同饲料,其血清锌、肝脏锌、肝 MT 的变化。结果血清锌下降,肝脏锌、肝脏 MT 升高,含锌量越大,血清锌、肝脏锌、肝脏 MT 越高。高锌组最明显,肝脏 MT 高出低锌组9倍(P<0.01)。相关分析表明,肝脏锌与肝 MT 的变化呈正相关(r=0.85,P<0.01)。结论烫伤后血清锌下降肝脏锌增加,与肝脏 MT 合成增多有关;锌是 MT 的诱导剂,促进 MT 的合成。     

锌-金属硫蛋白对烫伤大鼠迟延复苏红细胞膜损伤的保护作用

目的　探讨锌 金属硫蛋白 (Zn MT)对抗严重烫伤动物延迟复苏后出现的氧化应激效应。　方法　采用大鼠 30 %总体表面积Ⅲ度烫伤模型 ,将 2 7只大鼠平均分成正常对照组、延迟复苏组、及Zn MT保护组。烫伤 4h后在保护组动物所补液体中 ,加入Zn MT (1× 10 -5mol/L)。伤后 2 4h取血 ,用电子自旋共振标记物马来酰亚胺标记红细胞膜 ,检测红细胞膜蛋白构象。取血清 ,加入黄嘌呤 ,黄嘌呤氧化酶及自旋共振自旋捕集剂二甲基吡啶氮氧化物以判断血清中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)含量变化。　结果　各组大鼠红细胞膜蛋白强弱固定化比值分别为 0 35 2± 0 0 4 3、0 4 0 9± 0 0 2 7及0 386± 0 0 6 2 ,旋转相关时间 (s)分别为 1 30 0± 0 2 10、1 5 76± 0 190及 1 381± 0 2 10 ,与正常对照组相比 ,延迟复苏组大鼠红细胞膜蛋白构象明显改变 ,膜蛋白运动速度明显减慢 ,给予Zn MT后 ,膜蛋白构象改变及膜蛋白运动速度降低的程度明显减轻。各组大鼠血清中SOD相对含量分别为 73 2 %±1 4 %、4 8 8%± 3 8%、6 6 8%± 3 2 % ,与正常对照组相比 ,延迟复苏组动物血清SOD含量明显降低 ,而Zn MT治疗组动物血清SOD含量降低的程度明显减少 ,说明烫伤延迟复苏组动物体内生成过多的氧自由基能被Zn MT清除。　结论　Zn MT对烫伤     

金属硫蛋白与皮肤

金属硫蛋白（metallothionein，MT）是一类低分子量（６～７kDa）富含半胱氨酸（３０％）的细胞内蛋白，与必需金属（Zn，Cu），和非必需金属（Cd，Hg）有高亲合性。１９５７年Margoshe和Vallee首次从马肾中分离出Cd和Zn的结合蛋白MT。此后发现MT是存在于整个生物界的金属结合蛋白，其结构在进化中高度保守，在组织再生和发育过程中合成。皮肤是人体最大的器官，参与全身功能活动，维持机体和外界环境的对立统一，受到的机械性、物理性、化学性及生物刺激时易产生特异性变化及全身性非特异性反应。因此利用MT细胞保护的作用，在保护…     

锌-金属硫蛋白对严重烫伤大鼠氧自由基损伤的保护作用

目的　研究严重烫伤大鼠延迟复苏后氧自由基损伤及锌-金属硫蛋白(MT)的保护作用。　方法　采用大鼠30%TBSAⅢ度烫伤模型,分成正常对照组、延迟复苏组、MT治疗组、维生素C(VitC)治疗组,应用电子自旋共振(ESR)技术和传统间接检测手段,观察伤后24、48h血浆及烧伤水肿液中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛（MDA）的变化,同时对心、肝、肾、小肠的组织形态及血浆生化指标进行检测。　结果　延迟复苏组血SOD含量下降,血及水肿液MDA明显升高,各脏器组织形态及血生化指标发生明显变化。MT治疗组较延迟复苏组SOD增高（P<0.05）,MDA含量明显下降（P<0.05）,脏器组织形态及血生化指标改善,且优于VitC治疗组。　结论　严重烫伤大鼠延迟复苏后存在氧自由基损伤,应用锌-金属硫蛋白治疗有一定保护作用。     

金属硫蛋白对供心细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨金属硫蛋白(MT)对供心细胞凋亡和凋亡蛋白表达的影响.方法 Wistar大鼠16只,按腹腔注射的药物不同分为2组,每组各8只.对照组:腹腔注射蒸馏水0.5ml,24小时后取离体心脏,灌注HTK心脏停搏液,4℃保存3小时后建立Langendorff灌注模型,灌注重碳酸盐缓冲液(KH)2小时;实验组:腹腔注射3.6% ZnSO4(1.5ml/kg),其余处理同对照组.测定心肌MT含量、心肌细胞凋亡率、琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA片段梯、B淋巴细胞瘤/白血病2蛋白(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2家族Bax蛋白和Fas蛋白的表达.结果实验组与对照组比较,MT含量明显增高(P＜0.01),心肌细胞凋亡率明显降低(P<0.01),琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA片段梯光密度明显减弱(P<0.01),Bcl-2表达明显增高,Bax和Fas表达明显减弱(P＜0.01).结论心肌MT可通过调节Bcl-2、Bax和Fas蛋白的表达降低供心心肌细胞凋亡率.     

大鼠皮肤降钙素基因相关肽正常分布及烫伤后改变规律

目的探讨皮肤创面降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）的来源。方法运用免疫组化技术检测烫伤后早期大鼠皮肤烫伤创面,创周及远处未损伤皮肤内含ＣＧＲＰ的神经分布密度改变。结果烫伤后１５ｍｉｎ在以上所有部位的含ＣＧＲＰ神经纤维分布密度明显下降,烫伤后６至１２ｈ达到最低值,而后逐渐恢复,相比之下,在创周恢复过程出现较早;此外,在创面和创周的真皮层ＣＧＲＰ免疫反应阳性的巨噬细胞样大细胞从局部血管中游出,烫伤后１２ｈ该细胞与含ＣＧＲＰ神经关系密切,烫伤后２４ｈ该细胞染色增强,破碎并释放大量ＣＧＲＰ免疫反应阳性的颗粒状物质,而后这些细胞在局部消失。结论在皮肤创面针对烧伤损害ＣＧＲＰ可能不仅从皮肤神经末端释放,也能由局部炎性细胞合成释放。     

一氧化氮对烧伤大鼠血小板功能的影响

目的　探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ） 对烧伤大鼠血小板粘附和聚集功能的影响。方法　采用３０％ ＴＢＳＡⅢ度烧伤大鼠模型,将１０４ 只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ 大鼠随机分为烧伤对照（Ｂ） 、ＮＯ 供体（Ｓｉｎ１）、ＮＯ 阻断剂（ＬＮＡＭＥ）及正常对照（Ｃ）４ 组,分别于伤前及伤后３,６ ,１２ ,２４ｈ 测定血小板１ｍｉｎ 聚集率、最大聚集率、解聚率及粘附率。结果　烧伤后各组大鼠血小板１ｍｉｎ 聚集率、最大聚集率及粘附率均明显高于伤前,而解聚率则明显低于伤前（Ｐ＜ ０－０５ ～０－０１）。与Ｂ组相比,Ｓｉｎ１ 组血小板１ｍｉｎ 聚集率、最大聚集率及粘附率显著降低,解聚率则明显升高。ＬＮＡＭＥ组１ｍｉｎ 聚集率明显高于Ｂ 组,解聚率则显著低于Ｂ组,两组间最大聚集率和粘附率相差不显著（ Ｐ＞０－０５）。结论　①烧伤后血小板被激活,粘附性和聚集性均升高,血液处于高凝状态。②ＮＯ 可部分降低血小板活化程度,防止血小板聚集并可使已聚集的血小板解聚     

早期手术对烧伤大鼠肝血流量的影响

目的通过测定ＴＢＳＡ３０％Ⅲ度烧伤大鼠早期手术后肝血流量的变化，了解早期手术对肝脏血液灌流的影响。方法Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雄性大鼠３４只，分为４组：烧伤组（Ａ组），输液组（Ｂ组），早期手术组（Ｃ组），正常对照组（Ｄ组）。输液组经股静脉插管输入乳酸林格氏液；早期手术组于立即补液的同时行切痂同种异体植皮术。各组于伤后０，０．５，１，２，３，６，１２和２４小时，应用氢清除法测定肝血流量。结果Ａ组与Ｂ组伤后均出现肝血流量显著下降，Ｂ组直至伤后２４小时肝血流量才恢复正常，而Ｃ组伤后肝血流量保持相对稳定，与正常对照组比较无显著意义。结论严重烧伤后立即液体复苏尚不足以维持有效的肝脏血流灌流，烧伤后早期手术尽早地去除焦痂组织，对改善肝血流量具有重要作用     

Effects of amide local anaesthetics on eicosanoid formation in burned skin

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated potent inhibition of burn oedema and progressive ischaemia by local anaesthetics. Since eicosanoids have been suggested to play an important role in the pathophysiology of burns, we compared in the present ex vivo study the effects of topical lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA, ASTRA, Sweden) and intravenous lidocaine with that of saline on eicosanoid formation by normal and burned rat skin. METHODS: A full-thickness burn trauma was induced in the abdominal skin. All the agents were given 5 min postburn until 2 h after the trauma. The experimental skin was subsequently removed and incubated in Krebs solution for 1 h. Eicosanoid concentrations in the solution were analysed by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: EMLA cream induced a significant inhibition of TXB2 (P<0.05) and 6-Keto-PGF1alpha (P<0.01) but not of PGE release from burned skin as compared to saline treatment. Intravenous lidocaine infusions did not significantly influence the release of any of the measured eicosanoids versus saline. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the lack of effect of intravenous lidocaine could relate to the severe burn trauma inducing rapid ischaemia which may have interfered with the delivery of the agent to the burned tissues or to insufficient concentrations achieved in the burn area. Topical treatment of burned skin with a local anaesthetic cream significantly reduced the release of TXB2 and 6-Keto-PGF1alpha, suggesting a possible mechanism of action in progressive burn ischaemia.     

Effects of Ligustrazine on pulmonary damage in rats following scald injury

Organ protection is a routine therapy in severe burn/scald injuries, and damage mechanisms following early scald injury was not been fully elucidated. Our aim was to verify the beneficial effects of Ligustrazine on pulmonary damage associated with scald injury. Lewis rats were subjected to 30% total body surface area (TBSA) scald injury, and were randomly divided into a burn control (S group) and an Ligustrazine-treated group (L group). Lung malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were determined and the lungs were examined histologically with immunohistochemistry (IHC) as well for the MHC class I chain-related antigen A (MICA) and Bcl-2 at 24, 48 and 72h after the injury. The expression of spleen HLA-DR was detected by immunohistochemistry analysis. Selectins and adhesion molecules in lungs and serum as well as pulmonary interleukins were also detected. The lung injury degree was represented as wet/dry (W/D) values and alveolar thickness. Ligustrazine decreased MDA levels and ameliorated the down-regulation of SOD activity. MICA was up-regulated after the scald, and this up-regulation was greatly diminished by Ligustrazine. Bcl-2 was up-regulated after the scald, especially in the L group. The spleen HLA-DR expression demonstrated the immunoregulatory effects of Ligustrazine, which effectively protected pulmonary tissues from scald-induced injury. Our results demonstrated that pulmonay damage associated with autoimmunity and oxidant attack occurred after severe scald. Ligustrazine exhibits significant protective effects on these effects.     

Early excision and skin grafting versus delayed skin grafting in deep hand burns (a randomised clinical controlled trial)

Introduction

Early excision and grafting (E&G) of burn wounds has been reported to decrease hospital stay, hospital costs and septic complications, and some purport reduced mortality while decreasing hospital costs.In today's practice, all burn wounds unlikely to achieve spontaneous closure within 3 weeks are excised and grafted. Early studies did not demonstrate dramatic differences in cosmetic or functional results. This is particularly true with burns of the face, hands and feet. In this study, early excision and skin grafting was compared with delayed skin grafting in deep hand burns.

Materials and methods

From September 2006 to February 2008, 50 patients with hand burns and average burn size less than 30% total body surface area (TBSA) deep second- and third-degree were randomly divided into early E&G group (group I) and delayed grafting group (group II).Gradual and careful limb and digit range of motion was started on about 10th-14th postoperative day. We used a questionnaire based on the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire to evaluate final functional outcome. Further, hypertrophic scar formation, contracture and deformities were followed and managed accordingly.

Results

The most common site of involvement was the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint with frequency of 39% and 40% in groups I and II, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding deformity severity, scar formation, sensation, major activities and overall satisfaction.

Discussion

In treating burns of the hand, the primary goal should always be to restore the functionality of the hand. Although early surgery shortens the healing time and lessens the hospital stay, our results did not show any significant difference between these two methods regarding the function, scar formation, daily activity limitation and overall satisfaction.     

钙拮抗剂对大鼠腹部皮瓣抗氧化作用的研究

Objective　To observe the protective effect of calcium antagonist on the ischemia - reperfusion injury in rat abdominal skin flap.Methods　33 SD rats were randomized into three groups. The abdominal island flap based on the inferior epigastric vessels was used as the ischemia - reperfusion model. In the control group, normal saline was given intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days preoperatively, while Verapamil (Ver) and Tetrandcin (Tet) were given in the other two groups respectively. Samples from the flap were harvested during ischemia and reperfusion periods to measure the changes of superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity,glutathione peroxidase （GSH - Px） activity and malonyl dialdehyde （MDA） content. Results　SOD activity and GSH - Px activity were much higher in the Ver and Tet groups than in the control group, while the MDA content was remarkably decreased in these two groups.Conclusions　Calcium antagonist, Verapamil and Tetrandcin, plays an important role in oxygen free radical scavenging and in reducing lipid peroxidation.     

Malondialdehyde levels in serum of patients with skin cancer

The relationship of free radicals with some types of carcinomas is known, these studies have been performed on samples taken from the tumor tissue. In this study, the malondialdehyde levels in the serum of patients with skin cancer were studied and compared with a control group. The differences between malondialdehyde levels in these two groups were evaluated using Mann Whitney-U. There was a very statistically significant increase in malondialdehyde levels in serum of the skin cancer patients compared with the control group (p=0.0095, z=−2.59). Thus, increased serum malondialdehyde levels may be a sign of carcinoma. Received: 29 April 1997 / Accepted: 15 October 1997