北京郊区旅游景点北亚蜱传斑点热分子流行病学调查

用ＰＣＲ／ＲＦＬＰ技术对北京郊区１１个旅游景点的媒介蜱及小哺乳动物进行斑点热群立克次体的检测，并进行了病原体分离和鉴定。结果从北京航空博物馆附近地区收集的刺猬和其体表寄生的中华革蜱中分离出２株斑点热群立克次体，分别命名为ＢＪＨ－９５株和ＢＪ－９５株，经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ、Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ和ＰＣＲ／ＲＦＬＰ技术进行了鉴定认为是西伯利亚立克次体。结果证明了该立克次体在蜱和动物宿主间呈水平传播，并且表明在被调查的旅游景点中除航空博物馆附近地区外，大多数景点基本上是北亚热的安全区。在刺猬中分离出西伯利亚立克次体为国内、外首次报道     

对福建省宁化林区鼠蜱类中斑点热群立克次体的检测

目的 了解福建省宁化林区斑点热自然疫源地存在情况。方法 用聚合酶链反应对该林区鼠、蜱类中感染斑点热群立克次体(SFGR)进行扩增。用限制性酶切片段长度多态分析(RFIP)法对分离株NH-97进行鉴定,并同已知的西伯利亚立克次体等国际标准株进行比较。结果 从越原血蜱、金泽革蜱、微小牛蜱中扩增出SFGR特异的DNA片段,NH-97分离株的聚合酶链反应产物经PstI和RsaI酶切后发现它们的酶切图谱与西伯利亚立克次体246国际标准株相同。从社鼠、黄胸鼠脏器中扩增出康氏立克次体DNA片段。由不同来源批次的越原血蜱中扩增出近缘于日本立克体DNA片段和相关序列提示：可能是斑点热群立克次体新成员。结论 福建宁化林区除存在西伯利亚立克次体外,还可能存在康氏立克次体、日本立克次体等多种斑点热群立克次体的疫源地。     

Role of birds in dispersal of etiologic agents of tick-borne zoonoses, Spain, 2009

We amplified gene sequences from Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia garinii, B. valaisiana, B. turdi, Rickettsia monacensis, R. helvetica, R. sibirica sibirica, and Rickettsia spp. (including Candidatus Rickettsia vini) in ticks removed from birds in Spain. The findings support the role of passerine birds as possible dispersers of these tick-borne pathogens.     

Histologic features and immunodetection of African tick-bite fever eschar

African tick-bite fever (ATBF) is a rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia africae. We describe histologic features and immunodetection of R. africae in cutaneous inoculation eschars from 8 patients with ATBF, which was diagnosed by culture or association of positive PCR detection and positive serologic results. We used quantitative image analysis to compare the pattern of inflammation of these eschars with those from Mediterranean spotted fever. We evaluated the diagnostic value of immunohistochemical techniques by using a monoclonal antibody to R. africae. ATBF eschars were histologically characterized by inflammation of vessels composed mainly of significantly more polymorphonuclear leukocytes than are found in cases of Mediterranean spotted fever (p < 0.05). Small amounts R. africae antigens were demonstrated by immunohistochemical examination in 6 of 8 patients with ATBF. Neutrophils in ATBF are a notable component of the host reaction, perhaps because ATBF is a milder disease than the other rickettsioses. Immunohistochemical detection of rickettsial antigens may be useful in diagnosing ATBF.     

内蒙呼盟地区斑点热立克次体分离与血清学鉴定

本文报告自我国内蒙呼盟地区分离的一株立克次体,经动物试验和初步血清学鉴定,证明属于斑点热群立克次体。以分离株的小鼠抗血清与自WHO引进的五种斑点热立克次体及国内三个地方株应用微量间接免疫荧光交互试验[3,4]作了分型鉴定,结果表明呼盟株与斑点热群中立氏立克次体、北亚立克次体,派氏立克次体。康氏立克次体、小蛛立克次体及立克次体黑龙江株的抗原结构不同,存在明显差异,但与国内过去分离的虎林株[1]、精河株[2]相同,可能是斑点热群中一个新种的成员。     

2010年中蒙边境甘其毛都口岸地区蜱携带病原体调查研究

目的为了解中蒙边境蜱传疾病病原体携带情况,对2010年中蒙联合监测小组在内蒙古乌拉特中旗甘其毛都口岸地区采集的162只亚东璃眼蜱进行病原体检测。方法采用RT-PCR法检测蜱标本中的森林脑炎病毒、克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒、布尼亚病毒,PCR方法检测蜱标本中的伯氏疏螺旋体、西伯利亚立克次体、贝氏柯克斯体,嗜吞噬细胞无形体。结果森林脑炎病毒、克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒、布尼亚病毒、嗜吞噬细胞无形体检测结果均为阴性,PCR方法检出5例伯氏疏螺旋体、3例西伯利亚立克次体、16例贝氏柯克斯体,检出率分别为3.7%、2.2%和11.9%,并发现2例伯氏疏螺旋体和贝氏柯克斯体复合感染的情况。结论中蒙边境地区蜱携带伯氏疏螺旋体、贝氏柯克斯体和西伯利亚立克次体等病原体,应有针对性地加强当地蜱类和蜱传疾病的监测和防控。     

Rickettsia slovaca Infection in Humans,Portugal

Fifteen years after the initial detection of Rickettsia slovaca in ticks in Portugal, 3 autochthonous cases of R. slovaca infection were diagnosed in humans. All patients had an eschar on the scalp and lymphadenopathy; 2 patients had facial edema. R. slovaca infection was confirmed by serologic testing, culture, and PCR.     

北京市昌平区西伯利亚立克次体的分离和鉴定

目的 对北京市昌平区中国疾病预防控制中心园区内刺猬携带的中华革蜱进行斑点热群立克次体（SFGR）的分离和鉴定。方法 采用形态学和分子生物学方法对SFGR进行鉴定,并进行系统进化特征分析。结果 SFGR对DH82细胞产生明显细胞病变;Gimenez染色后,可见较多清晰的立克次体被染成紫红色;细菌16S基因测定后,西伯利亚立克次体246株和西伯利亚立克次体BJ-90株相应核苷酸序列的同源性均为100%;系统进化分析显示,SFGR位于西伯利亚立克次体进化分支内,确认其为西伯利亚立克次体。结论 北京市昌平区存在西伯利亚立克次体,该地区存在北亚热自然疫源地的可能性。     

Bartonella quintana and Rickettsia felis in Gabon

We detected Rickettsia felis DNA in Ctenocephalides felis and Bartonella quintana DNA in 3 Pulex irritans fleas taken from a pet Cercopithecus cephus monkey in Gabon, sub-Saharan Africa. This is the first report of B. quintana in the human flea.     

Japanese spotted fever, South Korea

We describe the first case of Japanese spotted fever and the first isolate of spotted fever group rickettsia from a patient in South Korea. The isolated rickettsia from the patient was identified as Rickettsia japonica by analysis of the nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA, gltA, ompA, ompB, and sca4 genes.     

Rickettsia felis infection, Tunisia

We report, for the first time, serologic evidence of Rickettsia felis and R. aeschlimannii infections acquired in Tunisia from 1998 to 2003. We found that most patients with antibodies against both R. conorii and R. typhi had serologic evidence of R. felis infection.     

内蒙通辽市斑点热群立克次体W—88株的分离与鉴定

1988年我们自通辽市一例发热、头痛、临床诊断为"上感"、用青霉素、病毒灵治疗无效的病人,分离出一株斑点热群立克次体W-88株。经动物感染试验、鸡胚卵黄嚢培养和传代,达到立克次体纯培养,用泛影葡胺密度株度离心纯化,制出立克次饵抗原,用我室建立的抗西伯利亚立克次体群和种特异性单克隆抗体进行免疫荧光检测,与斑点热群立克次体7株国际标准株同从中国分离株对比鉴定。结果确定W-88株为西伯利亚立克次体,该例病人所患的疾病属北亚蜱传斑点热,此为我国在城市发现的北亚热病例首次报道。     

Rickettsia parkeri in Argentina

Clinical reports of an eschar-associated rickettsiosis in the Paraná River Delta of Argentina prompted an evaluation of Amblyomma triste ticks in this region. When evaluated by PCR, 17 (7.6%) of 223 questing adult A. triste ticks, collected from 2 sites in the lower Paraná River Delta, contained DNA of Rickettsia parkeri.     

Rickettsialpox in North Carolina: a case report

We report a case of rickettsialpox from North Carolina confirmed by serologic testing. To our knowledge, this case is the first to be reported from this region of the United States. Including rickettsialpox in the evaluation of patients with eschars or vesicular rashes is likely to extend the recognized geographic distribution of Rickettsia akari, the etiologic agent of this disease.     

Eschar-associated spotted fever rickettsiosis, Bahia, Brazil

In Brazil, Brazilian spotted fever was once considered the only tick-borne rickettsial disease. We report eschar-associated rickettsial disease that occurred after a tick bite. The etiologic agent is most related to Rickettsia parkeri, R. africae, and R. sibirica and probably widely distributed from Sao Paulo to Bahia in the Atlantic Forest.     

Febrile illness associated with Rickettsia conorii infection in dogs from Sicily

We report serologic and molecular evidence of acute, febrile illness associated with Rickettsia conorii in 3 male Yorkshire terriers from Sicily (Italy).     

Molecular detection of a novel Babesia sp. and pathogenic spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks collected from hedgehogs in Turkey: Haemaphysalis erinacei,a novel candidate vector for the genus Babesia

In this study, a total of 319 ticks were obtained from hedgehogs (Erinaceus concolor). All ticks were pooled into groups and screened by PCR for tick-borne pathogens (TBPs). PCR and sequence analyses identified the presence of a novel Babesia sp. in adult Haemaphysalis erinacei. In addition, the presence of natural transovarial transmission of this novel Babesia sp. was detected in Ha. erinacei. According to the 18S rRNA (nearly complete) and partial rRNA locus (ITS-1/5.8S/ITS-2) phylogeny, it was determined that this new species is located within the Babesia sensu stricto clade and is closely related to Babesia spp. found in carnivores. Furthermore, the presence of three pathogenic spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae was determined in 65.8% of the tick pools: Rickettsia sibirica subsp. mongolitimonae in Hyalomma aegyptium (adult), Hyalomma spp. (larvae), Rhipicephalus turanicus (adult), and Ha. erinacei (adult); Rickettsia aeschlimannii in H. aegyptium (adult); Rickettsia slovaca in Hyalomma spp. (larvae and nymphs) and H. aegyptium (adult). To our knowledge, this is the first report of R. sibirica mongolitimonae in H. aegyptium, Ha. erinacei, and Rh. turanicus, and the first report of R. slovaca in H. aegyptium. In addition, the presence of a single Hemolivia mauritanica haplotype was detected in H. aegyptium adults. Consequently, the presence of a novel Babesia sp. has been identified in a new candidate vector tick species in this study. Additionally, three SFG rickettsiae that cause infections in humans were identified in ticks collected from hedgehogs. Therefore, environmental wildlife monitoring for hedgehogs should be carried out for ticks and tick-borne pathogens in the region. Additionally, studies regarding the reservoir status of hedgehogs for the aforementioned pathogens must be carried out.     

Emergence of Rickettsia africae, Oceania

We detected Rickettsia africae, the agent of African tick-bite fever (ATBF), by amplification of fragments of gltA, ompA, and ompB genes from 3 specimens of Amblyomma loculosum ticks collected from humans and birds in New Caledonia. Clinicians who treat persons in this region should be on alert for ATBF.     

First detection of spotted fever group rickettsiae in Ixodes ricinus from Italy

Ixodes ricinus from Italy were examined for the first time to detect whether rickettsiae were present. Using molecular methods, we detected three different spotted fever group rickettsiae, including Rickettsia helvetica. Our results raise the possibility that bacteria other than R. conorii are involved in rickettsial diseases in Italy.