胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶对不同年龄段结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值研究

目的探讨胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)对不同年龄段的结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2010年5月至2016年4月经内科胸腔镜下活检明确诊断为结核性胸腔积液或恶性胸腔积液病例共592例,分为青年组、中年组和老年组,根据受试者工作曲线(ROC曲线)确定诊断结核性胸膜炎的ADA最佳临界值,并分析性别、年龄对ADA的影响。结果结核性胸腔积液的ADA水平在青年组、中年组和老年组均高于恶性胸腔积液,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。胸腔积液ADA的水平与患者性别无关(P0.05);不同年龄组的胸腔积液ADA不全相同(P0.05),进一步两两比较,任两组间差异均有统计学意义;进一步相关分析,ADA与年龄的相关系数为-0.682,表明ADA与年龄呈负相关。作ROC曲线,ADA诊断结核性胸腔积液的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.984,最佳临界值为28.5 U/L,其灵敏度为94.06%,特异度为98.94%。分别作青年组、中年组和老年组的ROC曲线,AUC分别为0.984、0.975和0.969,ADA最佳临界值为37.5 U/L、26 U/L和26 U/L。结论胸腔积液ADA对结核性胸膜炎的诊断有帮助,随着年龄增大ADA水平下降,根据ROC曲线选择最佳ADA临界值较使用传统的ADA临界值,也许能提高结核性胸膜炎诊断的准确性。     

胸水和血清ADA、TB-Ab-IgG联合检测对结核性胸膜炎的诊断探讨

目的 探讨胸水/血清腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、结核抗体(TB-Ab-IgG)联合检测对结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值.方法 采用斑点金免疫渗滤试验(DIGFA)和酶连续监测法对234例胸腔积液进行胸水/血清ADA和TB-Ab-IgG检测结果进行分析.结果 结核性胸膜炎患者174例其胸水、血清中TB-Ab-IgG的阳性率分别为62.0%和70.1%,特异性分别为93.1%(56/60)和86.6%(52/60).ADA活性在结核性和癌性胸腔积液中分别为(59.58±29.85)U/L和(15.31±7.36)U/L(P<0.01).以P-ADA>40 U/L做为诊断结核的临界值,其敏感性为79.3%,特异性为86.4%;以P-ADA/S-ADA>1为临界值,其敏感性为97.7%,特异性为95.5%.结论 胸水和血清ADA、TB-Ab-IgG联合检测在结核性胸膜炎与非结核性胸膜炎上具有诊断与鉴别诊断价值.     

ADA、IFN-γ在鉴别诊断结核性和恶性胸腔积液中的价值

目的探讨ADA(腺苷脱氨酶)、IFN-γ(γ-干扰素)在鉴别诊断结核性和恶性胸腔积液中的价值。方法对40例结核性胸腔积液患者(结核组),40例恶性胸腔积液患者(肿瘤组),分别在治疗前抽取适量胸腔积液,进行ADA活性、IFN-γ浓度测定。结果结核性胸腔积液中ADA活性、IFN-γ浓度显著高于恶性胸腔积液,差异具有显著性(P<0.01)。根据ROC(受试者工作特征)曲线评价ADA、INF-γ在鉴别诊断结核性胸腔积液和恶性胸腔积液中的价值,ADA、IFN-γ临界值分别为29.85U/L,151.77ng/L,其诊断结核性胸腔积液的敏感性分别为82.5%,92.5%,特异性为92.5%,95%,准确性为93.7%,98.5%。结论ADA、IFN-γ可作为诊断结核性胸腔积液的可靠指标,且IFN-γ具有更高的诊断能效。     

白介素27和腺苷脱氢酶单独及联合检测对结核性胸膜炎诊断价值

目的 探讨白介素27((interleukin-27,IL-27)和腺苷脱氨酶(adenosine deaminase,ADA)单独检测及两者联合检测结果对结核性胸膜炎和恶性肿瘤所致胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法 选取2017年12月1日至2018年7月29日福建省福州肺科医院收治的胸腔积液患者101例,通过闭式胸膜活检、内科胸腔镜检查获得病理学证据或者痰/胸腔积液分枝杆菌培养阳性及菌种鉴定结果。根据诊断结果分为结核性胸膜炎患者61例(结核组);恶性肿瘤所致胸腔积液患者40例(恶性组),其中肺黏膜相关淋巴瘤1例,恶性胸膜间皮瘤1例,肺黏液表皮样癌1例,非霍奇金淋巴瘤1例,小细胞肺癌3例,肺腺癌33例。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测两组患者胸腔积液中的IL-27和ADA的含量并进行统计学分析。应用受试者工作曲线(ROC)确定IL-27和ADA检测结果对鉴别结核性胸膜炎与恶性肿瘤所致胸腔积液的最佳临界值,并进一步分析IL-27与ADA联合检测(串联试验、并联试验)对于诊断结核性胸膜炎的价值。结果 结核组患者胸腔积液中检测到的IL-27和ADA浓度分别为[409.48(229.04,954.97)]ng/L和(45.88±14.33)U/L,明显高于恶性组[分别为115.74(77.72,161.97)ng/L和10.50(7.00,15.00)U/L],差异均有统计学意义(Z=3.139,P<0.01;t=4.006,P<0.01)。绘制ROC曲线确定IL-27鉴别结核性胸腔积液与恶性胸腔积液诊断的最佳临界值为176.31ng/L,敏感度和特异度分别为85.25% (52/61)和82.50% (33/40);ADA鉴别结核性胸腔积液与恶性胸腔积液诊断的最佳临界值为28U/L,敏感度和特异度分别为93.44% (57/61)和87.50% (35/40)。串联试验方法联合检测,特异度(95.00%,38/40)较单独检测IL-27(82.50%,33/40)及单独检测ADA(87.50%,35/40)均明显升高,并有较好的敏感度(81.97%,50/61);并联试验方法联合检测,敏感度(96.72%,59/61)较单独检测IL-27(85.25%,52/61)及单独检测ADA(93.44%,57/61)均明显升高,但特异度较低(75.00%,30/40)。结论 胸腔积液中IL-27和ADA对结核性胸膜炎的诊断均有较高价值;IL-27和ADA串联试验有助于结核性和恶性肿瘤所致胸腔积液的鉴别诊断。     

干扰素γ、白细胞介素12及腺苷脱氨酶同工酶对结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的　研究胸腔积液中干扰素γ(IFN γ)和白细胞介素 12 (IL 12 )的浓度及腺苷脱氨酶同工酶 (ADA2 )的活性三者在结核性胸腔积液诊断中的临床价值。方法　以 2 0 0 2年 3月～ 2 0 0 3年2月期间在北京大学人民医院、北京胸科医院、北京结核病胸部肿瘤研究所等医院的未经治疗的胸腔积液患者为研究对象 ,其中结核性胸腔积液 14 1例、恶性胸腔积液 4 9例。应用酶速率法检测胸腔积液标本中腺苷脱氨酶 (ADA)、ADA2 的活性 ,酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA)检测IFN γ和IL 12的浓度。比较两组胸腔积液中ADA和ADA2 活性 ,以及IFN γ和IL 12浓度之间的区别。结果　 (1)结核性胸腔积液组ADA、ADA2 活性分别为 (5 1 6± 10 9)U/L和 (4 7 9± 6 9)U/L ,恶性胸腔积液组ADA、ADA2 活性分别为 (2 0 4± 4 4 )U/L、(13 2± 3 2 )U/L ,结核性胸腔积液组的ADA、ADA2 活性显著高于恶性胸腔积液组 (P <0 0 1)。结核性胸腔积液组IFN γ和IL 12浓度分别为 (112 1± 4 5 8)ng/L及 (10 4 3± 32 3)ng/L ,恶性胸腔积液组IFN γ和IL 12浓度分别为 (2 4 8± 5 9)ng/L和 (6 1 8±10 8)ng/L ,结核性胸腔积液组的IFN γ和IL 12浓度水平显著高于恶性胸腔积液组 (P <0 0 1,0 0 5 ) ;(2 )ROC曲线分析结果 ,IFN γ以 6 1 7ng/L为诊     

胸腔积液中ADA活性的深入分析

目的探讨胸腔积液中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)的特点及临床价值。方法分析200例已确诊患者的胸腔积液中ADA活性,明确ADA与疾病及患者年龄、性别的关系;应用ROC曲线确定ADA的最佳临界值。结果胸腔积液患者中男性与女性ADA的差异无显著性;不同年龄段患者ADA活性并无显著性差异;结核组胸腔积液ADA活性显著高于非结核组;胸腔积液ADA诊断结核性胸膜炎的最佳诊断界值为18U/L,敏感度95%,特异度90%。结论胸腔积液患者ADA活性不受年龄及性别的影响,对结核性胸膜炎有较高的临床诊断价值。     

腺苷脱氨酶与胸腔镜相比对结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的 以内科胸腔镜为金标准,评价结核性胸腔积液中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)的浓度及其对结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值.方法 连续入选2010年1月至2012年1月间在青岛大学医学院第二附属医院就诊并经内科胸腔镜检查确诊病因的胸腔积液患者102例,包括52例结核性胸腔积液和50例非结核性胸腔积液患者,比较两组胸腔积液中ADA浓度的差别,使用ROC法探索ADA最佳临界值并评价其诊断效能.结果 ①结核性胸腔积液组的ADA浓度高于非结核性胸腔积液组,分别为(40.3±9.3)U/L和(23.9±9.5)U/L,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；②ROC曲线分析结果显示ADA可以很好地区分结核性胸腔积液和非结核性胸腔积液,采用Youden指数法确定34.5 U/L为鉴别结核性胸腔积液和非结核性胸腔积液的最佳临界值；③以胸腔镜检查为金标准,ADA＞34.5 U/L为诊断结核性胸腔积液指标,则敏感度为80.8％,特异度为90.0％,准确率为85.3％.结论 与胸腔镜相比,胸腔积液ADA浓度是诊断结核性胸腔积液的重要指标,二者具有较高的一致性.     

瘦素水平在结核与恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值

目的探讨瘦素在结核与恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值。方法采用ELISA法测定41例结核性胸膜炎患者（观察组）与25例恶性胸腔积液患者（对照组）胸腔积液中瘦素及γ-干扰素（1-IFN）水平,酶法测定腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）水平。对三项指标均行ROC曲线分析,计算各指标诊断结核性胸腔积液的临界值,并比较敏感性及特异性。结果观察组瘦素水平明显低于对照组,γ-IFN、ADA水平均明显高于对照组,P均〈0．01。ROC曲线分析示瘦素水平以13．84μg／L为诊断结核性胸腔积液临界值,敏感性和特异性分别是85．4％、96％;γ-IFN以169．35pg／mi为诊断临界值,敏感性和特异性分别为92．7％、100％;ADA以41．5U／L为诊断临界值,敏感性和特异性分别为85．4％、96％。结论瘦素水平对结核性与恶性胸腔积液的诊断及鉴别有一定参考价值     

腺苷脱氨酶和癌胚抗原检测对结核性与恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)和癌胚抗原(CEA)检测对结核性与恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法用氨试剂法和ELISA法对118例胸腔积液的ADA和CEA进行检测分析。结果结核组与恶性组ADA活性有显著差异(P0.01)。恶性组与结核组CEA活性有显著差异(P0.01)。结核组和恶性组中ADA的阳性率分别为94.3%和8.7%,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。恶性组和结核组中CEA的阳性率分别为69.6%和6.9%,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。ADA≥40 U/L诊断结核性胸腔积液的灵敏度为94.3%,特异度为90.3%。CEA≥10μg/L诊断恶性胸腔积液的灵敏度为69.6%,特异度为93.7%。以ADA≥40 U/L和CEA10μg/L为阳性界值诊断结核性胸腔积液的灵敏度为87.8%,特异度为95.3%。以CEA≥10μg/L和ADA40 U/L为阳性界值诊断恶性胸腔积液的灵敏度为63.5%,特异度为99.2%。结论胸腔积液ADA及CEA检测对结核性与恶性胸腔积液有鉴别诊断价值。     

白介素18和腺苷脱氢酶联合检测鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液的价值

目的 探讨白介素18(IL-18)和腺苷脱氢酶(ADA)联合检测鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液的价值.方法采用ELISA法、酶速率法检测19例结核性和25例恶性胸腔积液患者胸水中IL-18及ADA水平,并利用SPSS11.0软件进行ROC曲线分析得出它们在鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液中的最适临界值,并计算出相应的敏感度、特异度、准确度.结果结核性胸腔积液患者IL-18及ADA水平明显高于恶性胸腔积液(P＜0.01),以358 pg/ml、33 U/L为IL-18、ADA为鉴别诊断结核性和恶性胸腔积液的最适临界值,其敏感度、特异度及准确度均＞80%.结论 IL-18和ADA可作为诊断结核性和恶性胸腔积液的有效参考指标.     

ADA、IFNγ-、sIL-2R检测在鉴别结核性和癌性胸水中的价值

目的研究腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）、γ干扰素（IFN-γ）、可溶性白介素2受体（sIL-2R）对结核性胸水和癌性胸水鉴别诊断的价值。方法采用酶法和ELISA方法检测47例结核性胸水患者和47例癌性胸水患者胸水中ADA活性和IFNγ-、sIL-2R水平。结果结核性胸水组的ADA（72.3±21.7 U/L）、IFN-γ（481.3±257.1 pg/m l）和sIL-2R（611.0±184.4 pmol/L）都显著高于癌性胸水组（P〈0.01）;当以ADA≥46.8 U/L、IFNγ-≥209.0 pg/m l和sIL-2R≥491.5 pmol/L为临界值,三项指标对结核性胸水的敏感度分别为93.6%,87.2%,70.2%;特异度分别为91.5%,91.5%,78.7%。结论胸水中ADA、IFN-γ和sIL-2R对结核性胸水和癌性胸水的鉴别诊断都有较高的临床价值。     

Differential Diagnosis of Tuberculous and Malignant Pleural Effusions: What is the Role of Adenosine Deaminase?

The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of invasive and noninvasive diagnostic procedures in tuberculous pleurisy (TPE) in an area with intermediate incidence of tuberculosis. The aim was to determine the cutoff value for adenosine deaminase (ADA) and the sensitivity and specificity of ADA and evaluate pleural fluid cytology and pleural biopsy in the differential diagnosis of malignant and tuberculous pleurisy. The study included 121 patients. TPE was confirmed in 54 patients and malignant effusion in 67 patients. Criteria used for TPE diagnosis were positive cultures of effusion or biopsy specimen, tuberculous granulomas, or positive sputum cultures without other explanation for pleural effusion. Malignancy was diagnosed by either cytology or biopsy. The cutoff value of ADA in TPE was 49 U/L, sensitivity was 89.2%, specificity was 70.4%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 84.4%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 78.4%. ADA activity below 16 U/L suggests that TPE is highly unlikely with sensitivity=38.5%, specificity=100%, PPV=100%, and NPV=57.4%. ADA effusion/serum ratio reached a cutoff in TPE of 1.7 (sensitivity=84.6%, specificity=72.2%, PPV=81.4%, NPV=71.4%). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of cytology evaluation for TPE are 72.2%, 70.1%, 66.1%, and 75.8%, respectively. Pleuroscopy-guided pleural biopsy had sensitivity=66.7%, specificity=100%, PPV=100%, and NPV=78.8%. In 27.8% of TPE cases, pleural fluid cultures were positive. There is no doubt that pleuroscopy-guided biopsy is of great value for TPE diagnosis; however, sensitivity and specificity of noninvasive tests, especially ADA, can help to distinguish between TB and malignancy.     

血管内皮细胞生长因子C与腺苷脱氨酶联合检测在胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的意义

目的 了解血管内皮细胞生长因子C(VEGF-C)及腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)在不同原因胸腔积液中的表达,并探讨通过比值构建联合诊断对胸腔积液鉴别诊断的作用.方法 选择143例临床确诊的胸腔积液患者(恶性胸腔积液40例,结核性胸膜炎45例,其他类型58例),采用双抗夹心ELISA法检测胸水VEGF-C,采用速率法检测胸水ADA,计算VEGF-C/ADA比值,比较不同类型胸腔积液患者中上述诊断指标的变化,并计算它们的敏感度、特异度和准确度.结果 恶性胸腔积液中VEGF-C浓度高于结核性胸腔积液及类肺炎性等其他类型胸腔积液,(286.32±102.65)ng/L vs(133.46±39.83)ng/L,(140.14±44.62)ng/L,P<0.05.结核性胸腔积液中ADA浓度高于恶性胸腔积液及其他类型胸腔积液,(78.6±36.3)IU/L vs(23.4±11.2)IU/L,(26.1±10.5)IU/L,P<0.05.VEGF-C/ADA≥8对恶性胸腔积液诊断的敏感度为87.5%,特异度为81.4%;VEGF-C/ADA≤3对结核性胸腔积液诊断的敏感度为84.4%,特异度为86.4%.结论 VEGF-C与ADA浓度比值对胸腔积液的鉴别诊断具有较好的临床价值.     

结核性与癌性胸腔积液的实验室检测比较研究

目的比较研究实验室检测腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、蛋白(TP)、葡萄糖(GLU)等多项指标对结核性与癌性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法对151例明确诊断为结核性或癌性胸腔积液分别测定胸水ADA、LDH、CEA、TP、GLU和血清TP,并进行统计分析。结果结核性胸腔积液中ADA、LDH、TP含量都明显高于癌性胸腔积液,其中胸水ADA以28U/L作为诊断结核性胸水的临界值则其敏感性和特异性均极高,结核性胸水中GLU含量则低于癌性胸水,癌性胸水CEA的阳性率高达76.0%,而结核性胸水CEA均阴性。结论联合检测胸水ADA、LDH、CEA、TP和GLU可以作为结核性与癌性胸腔积液的诊断和鉴别诊断依据,其中ADA28U/L可以考虑作为结核性胸腔积液的单独诊断依据。     

联合检测对结核性和恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨联合检测胸腔积液中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)对结核性和恶性胸腔积液的诊断价值。方法以我院2012年1月至2012年12月112例住院的胸腔积液患者为研究对象,其中62例结核性胸腔积液患者,50例恶性胸腔积液患者,以酶比色法,免疫比浊法,速率法和电化学发光法检测上述患者胸腔积液中ADA、CRP、CEA和LDH浓度。结果结核性胸腔积液患者ADA和CRP的诊断敏感性显著高于恶性胸腔积液患者(P0.01),恶性胸腔积液患者CEA的诊断敏感性较结核性胸腔积液患者明显增高(P0.01)。以胸腔积液CEA7 ng/ml及LDH245 U/L为诊断标准,诊断恶性胸腔积液的敏感性,特异性分别为78.0%,80.6%;而以CEA7 ng/ml,LDH245 U/L及ADA40 U/L,CRP5 mg/L为诊断标准,诊断恶性胸腔积液的敏感性,特异性分别为94.0%,95.2%。以胸腔积液ADA40 U/L,CRP5 mg/L为诊断标准,诊断结核性胸腔积液的敏感性,特异性分别为82.3%,86.0%;而以CEA7 ng/ml,LDH245 U/L及ADA4 0U/L,CRP5 mg/L为诊断标准,诊断结核性胸腔积液的敏感性,特异性分别为96.8%,92.0%。结论联合检测胸腔积液中ADA、CRP、CEA、LDH的浓度可提高结核性和恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的敏感性和特异性。     

Determination of adenosine deaminase activity and its isoenzymes for diagnosis of pleural effusions

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and the activities of its ADA1 and ADA2 isoenzymes in pleural effusions and also sera with different aetiological origins. METHODOLOGY: The pleural effusions of 87 patients were examined. The patients were separated into four groups: transudates, parapneumonic, malignant, and tuberculous effusions. The cases were also designated as tuberculous or non-tuberculous group. Adenosine deaminase activity was determined by the colorimetric method described by Giusti and Galanti. RESULTS: The intermean differences were statistically significant for total ADA, ADA1 and ADA2, except for pleural fluid ADA1 in the malignant group when compared to the tuberculous effusion group. The intermean differences between the tuberculous and non-tuberculous group were statistically significant for all three parameters except for pleural fluid and serum ADA1 activity. The sensitivities of total ADA, ADA1 and ADA2 activities for tuberculosis were 91, 57 and 93%, respectively; their specificities 89, 88 and 92%, respectively; their positive predictive values 82, 70 and 86%; and their diagnostic accuracies 89, 76 and 92%, respectively, in pleural fluid. CONCLUSIONS: Determination of ADA and its isoenzymes can help to differentiate the causes of pleural effusion. Increased ADA2 activity is a striking marker of tuberculous effusions. In contrast, increased ADA1 activity was significantly elevated in parapneumonic effusions.     

Efficacy of adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of pleural effusions

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was studied in 53 patients with pleural effusions. Patients with tuberculous pleural effusion (36) had significantly higher ADA activity (77.68 IU/L; P less than 0.001) in comparison to malignant (14.47 IU/L) and parapneumonic (28.65 IU/L) effusions. When tested with a reference limit of over 50.75 IU/L, the specificity of ADA activity was found to be 94.1 per cent. With a sensitivity of 100 per cent, low cost and easy performance pleural fluid ADA activity is proposed as a routine investigation for etiological diagnosis in pleural effusion.     

Diagnostic value of adenosine deaminase in nontuberculous lymphocytic pleural effusions.

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) can aid in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusions, but false-positive findings from lymphocytic effusions have been reported. The purpose of this study is to assess the ADA levels in nontuberculous lymphocytic pleural effusions (lymphocyte count > 50%) of different aetiologies. Altogether, 410 nontuberculous lymphocytic pleural fluid samples were consecutively selected. These included malignant effusions (n = 221), idiopathic effusions (n = 76), parapneumonic effusions (n = 35), postcoronary artery bypass graft surgery effusions (n = 6), miscellaneous exudative effusions (n = 21) and transudative effusions (n = 51). The ADA level reached the diagnostic cut-off for tuberculosis (40 U x L(-1)) in seven of the 410 cases (1.71%). The negative predictive value of ADA for the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis was 99% (403 of 407 cases) in the group of lymphocytic pleural effusions. In five of these seven patients ADA1 and ADA2 were measured, and in all these cases (100%) ADA1/ADA(p) correctly classified these lymphocytic effusions as nontuberculous (ratio < 0.42). This prospective study provides additional evidence that adenosine deaminase levels in nontuberculous lymphocytic pleural effusions seldom exceed the cut-off set for tuberculous effusions. The pleural fluid adenosine deaminase levels were significantly higher in different types of exudative effusions than in transudates. An adenosine deaminase level < 40 IU x L(-1) virtually excluded a diagnosis of tuberculosis in lymphocytic pleural effusions. Adenosine deaminase1/adenosine deaminase(p) correctly classified all nontuberculous lymphocytic pleural effusions with high adenosine deaminase levels.     

Clinical diagnostic utility of adenosine deaminase, interferon-γ, interferon-γ-induced protein of 10 kDa, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 levels in tuberculous pleural effusions

Objective

Current tools for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusions are suboptimal. The study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA), interferon (IFN)-γ, interferon-γ-induced protein of 10 kDa (IP-10), and dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) 4 levels in differentiating tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and non-TPE.

Methods

A total of 122 samples of pleural effusion were studied. Pleural fluid ADA activity was measured with the colorimetric method, and IP-10, IFN-γ, and DPP4 levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

ADA activity and IP-10, IFN-γ, and DPP4 levels were significantly higher in TPE than in non-TPE (88.9 ± 62.7 U/L vs 18.1 ± 16.2 U/L, P < .05; 147.5 ± 117.3 ng/L vs 24.9 ± 19.7 ng/L, P < .05; 627.2 ± 345.3 ng/L vs 152.6 ± 71.4 ng/L, P < .05; and 560.6 ± 451.2 vs 56.8 ± 57.7, P < .05, respectively). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of ADA activity (cutoff value of 40 U/L) were 93.6% and 90.9%, respectively, and higher than those of IFN-γ (91.0% and 88.6% at the cutoff value of 225 ng/L, respectively), DPP4 (88.5% and 81.8% at the cutoff value of 75 ng/L, respectively), and IP-10 (83.3% and 86.4% at the cutoff value of 44 ng/L, respectively).

Conclusion

The roles of ADA and IFN-γ in the differential diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy are pivotal. ADA or IFN-γ in combination with DPP4 or IP-10 can aid in differentiation between TPE and non-TPE with improved specificity and diagnostic efficiency.