日粮中添加烟酸对泌乳早期奶牛产奶性能的影响

本试验选用 12头处于泌乳早期的中国荷斯坦奶牛 ,随机分为对照组、试验 1组、试验 2组 ,每组 4头 ,研究烟酸对中国荷斯坦奶牛泌乳早期的产奶量、乳脂率的影响。对照组饲喂基础日粮 ,试验 1组、试验 2组每头每日在基础日粮中分别添加 3g和 6g烟酸 ,经 30d饲养试验 ,结果表明 :试验 1组和试验 2组比对照组头日均多产标准乳 1.0 6kg(P <0 .0 5 )、1.85kg(P <0 .0 1) ,比对照组分别提高 3.2 1%、5 .6 1% ,对照组和试验组间的乳脂率差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 )。     

炎热夏季奶牛日粮中添加脂肪酸钙对热应激影响的研究

选择 6头经产、胎次相同、产后 10～ 2 0天的中国荷斯坦奶牛 ,采用 3×3重复拉丁方设计 ,研究脂肪酸钙对中国荷斯坦奶牛泌乳早期热应激的影响。试验处理分别为 :处理A组 (对照组 )为基础日粮 ;处理B组 (试验组 )为基础日粮 +2 0 0g脂肪酸钙 ;处理C组为 (试验组 )为基础日粮 +40 0g脂肪酸钙。试验结果表明 ,B组日产奶量比A组提高了 2 .3 3kg(P <0 .0 5 ) ,C组产奶量未得到显著提高 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;B组的血糖含量显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,C组的血糖含量升高不明显 ;炎热夏季奶牛日粮中添加脂肪酸钙使呼吸频率和脉搏降低 ,B组比对照组分别下降了 4.92次 /分 (P<0 .0 5 )和 3 .18次 /分 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;C组比对照组分别下降了 7.68次 /分 (P <0 .0 5 )和5 .97次 /分 (P <0 .0 1)。     

菌酶复合制剂对奶牛产奶性能及粪便结构的影响

本研究旨在研究菌酶复合制剂对奶牛产奶性能及粪便结构的影响.选择胎次相近(2～3胎),泌乳天数143～181 d荷斯坦奶牛120头,随机分成2组(对照组和试验组).对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+菌酶复合制剂(30 g/头/d).预试期7 d,正试期35 d.测定并计算各处理组预试期、试验期1(D1～7)、试验期2(D8～14)、试验期3(D15～21)、试验期4(D22～28)、试验期5(D29～35)的日平均产奶量(MY)和日平均采食量(DMI);在试验期,每隔7 d从各处理组随机抽取10头奶牛粪便3 kg并充分混合均匀,采用粪分析筛分析.结果表明,同对照组相比,试验组DMI无显著差异(P>0.05);在预试期和试验期1,MY和料乳比差异不显著(P>0.05);在试验期2和试验期3,试验组MY显著增加(P<0.05),料乳比显著降低(P<0.05);在试验期4和试验期5,试验组MY高于对照组,料乳比低于对照组,但差异均不显著(P>0.05).在试验期1～试验期7,试验组上层粪便占比显著小于对照组(P<0.05),试验组下层粪便占比显著大于对照组(P<0.05).综上,日粮中添加菌酶复合制剂能显著提高饲喂期间奶牛产奶性能,提高产奶量及饲料转化效率,尤其提高粗饲料利用效率.     

包被蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对奶牛产奶性能的影响

选择21头荷斯坦奶牛,分成3组,对照组饲喂基础日粮;试验1组：基础日粮＋包被蛋氨酸30克;试验2组：基础日粮＋包被赖氨酸30g。结果日粮中添加包被赖氨酸或蛋氨酸对奶牛产奶性能影响不显著。试验结果表明,日粮中添加包被赖氨酸或包被蛋氨酸,牛奶的全乳干物质均有提高趋势,提高幅度分别为3．4％和4．0％;日粮中添加包被蛋氨酸对乳蛋白有提高趋势,提高幅度为8．7％。     

高产奶牛围产前期饲喂自配阴离子盐的效果

采用30头经产荷斯坦奶牛,按照配对试验设计,研究在围产前期（产前21d）添加自配阴离子盐添加剂对奶牛采食、尿液pH值及产后100d的产奶量、发病率和直接经济效益的影响。试验结果发现,饲喂阴离子盐添加剂日粮奶牛采食量与对照组无显著差异,饲喂4d后可使尿液pH值显著降低,产后100d的产奶量显著提高,发病率显著下降,直接经...     

不同精料喂量对绵羊育肥效果的影响

将 32只周岁中国美利奴羊按平均体重分为 4组 ,分别饲喂精料 35 0、60 0、85 0和 110 0g/只·d ,并且自由采食粉碎玉米秸秆 ,以研究不同精料喂量对绵羊育肥效果的影响。结果表明 ,育肥绵羊 45d平均日增重分别为 10 5 .0± 35 .4、195 .6± 49.0、2 15 .0± 37.1和 2 49.3± 35 .3g ,60d平均日增重分别为 76.3±38.8、143.1± 35 .0、2 0 3.6± 33.3和 2 38.3± 2 8.1g。屠宰率分别为 36.0± 6.4、38.5± 0 .35、40 .1± 2 .7和 42 .4± 2 .2 %。动物对粗饲料的自由采食量与精料喂量呈负相关 (r =- 0 .95 1) ,平均每减少 10 0 g精料喂量增加粗饲料采食量 5 0～ 5 6g。本实验表明 ,在粗饲料自由采食条件下 ,育肥绵羊精料喂量以 60 0～85 0 g/只·d ,精饲料的利用率较高     

不同饲料添加剂对肉牛育肥增重效果的影响

利用瘤胃素、育肥素和各种饲料添加剂，配合基础日粮喂与对照组相同的试验组，研究其对土种牛、肉用杂种牛的生长发育的影响，以缩短饲养周期，提高经济效益为目的。饲喂期添加剂用量：试验Ｉ组５０毫米／头．日瘤胃素，ＩＩ组８０毫克／头．日瘤胃素，ＩＩＩ组１克／５千克体重．日育肥素，ＩＶ组１％（按精料量）矿物质添加剂。试验期４０天，试验结果表明：饲喂各种添加剂对土种牛、肉用杂种牛生长发育均具有很大的促进作用，试验     

复方中药制剂乳炎清治疗临床型奶牛乳房炎的临床观察

为了观察乳炎清对奶牛临床型乳房炎的治疗效果,试验采用乳炎清治疗临床型乳房炎奶牛60头,随机分为乳炎清组、抗生素组和对照组,观察奶牛产奶量、乳糖含量体细胞数和血常规.结果表明,在产奶量方面,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组在试验第1d和第5d分别比试验前产奶量提高了1.3 kg、2.8 kg和0.7 kg、1.16 kg.在乳糖含量方面,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组在试验第1d和第5d分别比试验前乳糖含量提高了6％、26％和13％、32％.乳炎清组和抗生素组均比对照组的产奶量、乳糖含量提高.在两个用药组,两组差异不显著(P＞0.05).试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组比较,试验1d、5d后,细胞体积数差异不显著(P＞0.05);而血常规指标差异显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01).说明,乳炎清治疗临床乳房炎与抗生素比较不显著.但乳炎清属于中草药制剂,药物残留低、无毒副作用,对于牛奶品质意义重大,值得大力推广.     

全株青贮与黄贮强度育肥肉牛对比试验

本试脸选择2.5周岁的中国西门塔尔——太行类群牛公牛40头,随机分为两组(P > 0.05),进行全株青贮与黄贮强度育肥对比试验.试脸组饲喂全株青贮,对照组饲喂黄干青贮,在饲养管理和精料饲喂量完全相同的情况下,经过50d的育肥试验,试脸组日增重达1337g,比对照组日增重1051g提高了27.2% (P< 0.05)....     

奶牛饲喂大豆和其它蛋白质添加剂的经济性

从经济学角度考虑,奶牛日粮中使用未经提取的全脂大豆,比使用通常饲喂的蛋白质添加剂更为有利。全脂大豆含高蛋白和高脂肪,是高产奶牛日粮中具有潜在价值的成分(表1)。全脂大豆的能量值在于其脂肪量。有些实验在奶牛口粮中添加某些脂肪或高脂成分,提高了能量摄入以及奶产量和乳脂量。J.Meader等认为,是否饲喂大豆主要应取决于大豆与其它蛋白质添加剂的相对价格。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.