1-磷酸鞘胺醇受体3参与巨噬细胞迁移及脓毒症诱导的心肌损伤

目的探讨巨噬细胞中1-磷酸鞘胺醇受体(sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor,S1PR)的表达及其作用,观察干预S1PR3(S1P3)对脂多糖诱导的心肌损伤的影响。方法传代培养小鼠Ana-1巨噬细胞,给予脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS,100 ng/ml)刺激或S1P3特异性抑制剂CAY-10444(10μmol/L)干预,细胞随机分为对照组、LPS组、CAY-10444组、CAY-10444预处理2h+LPS组,Transwell小室观测巨噬细胞迁移,蛋白免疫印迹检测巨噬细胞S1PR的表达,并检测p-Akt/Akt蛋白水平。在体实验,6~8周龄雄性C57/B6小鼠,随机分为对照组、LPS组、CAY-10444组、CAY-10444干预+LPS组,每组12只,LPS(10 mg/kg)腹腔注射,或CAY-10444 1 mg/kg于LPS诱导后30 min腹腔注射干预,24 h后取心脏组织HE染色观察病理改变,免疫组化染色观察巨噬细胞浸润程度以及炎症因子的表达情况,实时荧光定量PCR检测心肌损伤标记分子BNP、巨噬细胞表面分子F4/80、炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的mRNA水平。结果与对照组比较,LPS诱导巨噬细胞大量迁移S1P3蛋白表达增加(P0.01),p-Akt Ser473/Akt表达上调(P0.01);与LPS组相比,S1P3抑制剂CAY-10444干预后再给予LPS刺激,巨噬细胞迁移被抑制(P0.01),p-Akt Ser473/Akt表达也降低(P0.01);在体实验,LPS诱导小鼠后BNP mRNA水平明显上调(P0.01),同时F4/80以及炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的mRNA水平上调(P0.01),HE染色可见心肌损伤及炎细胞浸润,免疫组化染色法显示F4/80及炎症因子的大量阳性表达(P0.01);使用S1P3抑制剂后,与LPS组比较,心肌损伤减轻免疫组化中巨噬细胞减少(P0.01),炎症因子表达降低(P0.01),BNP mRNA水平降低(P0.01),F4/80以及TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的mRNA水平也明显降低(P0.01)。结论抑制巨噬细胞S1P3表达可抑制巨噬细胞的迁移并提示p-Akt/Akt与了这一过程,此外,S1P3抑制剂的干预可有效减轻LPS诱导的心肌损伤。     

老年2型糖尿病并发ACS患者血清GGT与慢血流-无复流的相关性及其对预后的影响

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)并发急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血清γ谷氨酰胺转肽酶(GGT)水平与经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗术后冠脉慢血流-无复流的相关性及其对预后的影响。方法选取188例诊断为ACS并行急诊PCI的老年T2DM患者,根据TIMI血流分级和校正的TIMI血流帧计数(c TFC)方法评价冠脉血流分为正常血流组(156例)和慢血流-无复流组(32例),分析GGT及其他危险因素与冠脉慢血流-无复流的相关性和主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的发生率。结果慢血流-无复流组的血清GGT水平高于正常血流组[(49±18)U/L vs.(31±13)U/L,P0.01]。相关分析结果显示,血清GGT与冠脉慢血流-无复流呈正相关(r=0.389,P0.01)。血清GGT与PCI术后冠脉慢血流-无复流、住院期间及术后12个月MACE独立相关(分别OR=1.093,95%CI:1.058~1.129,P0.01;OR=1.047,95%CI:1.012~1.082,P0.05及OR=1.058,95%CI:1.028~1.089,P0.01)。结论老年T2DM并发ACS患者血清GGT水平与冠脉慢血流-无复流相关,血清GGT可能是预测冠脉风险的评价指标。     

HBV endemicity in Mexico is associated with HBV genotypes H and G

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)genotypes have distinct genetic and geographic diversity and may be associated with specific clinical characteristics,progression,severity of disease and antiviral response.Herein,we provide an updated overview of the endemicity of HBV genotypes H and G in Mexico.HBV genotype H is predominant among the Mexican population,but not in Central America.Its geographic distribution is related to a typical endemicity among the Mexicans which is characterized by a low hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence,apparently due to a rapid resolution of the infection,low viral loads and a high prevalence of occult B infection.During chronic infections,genotype H is detected in mixtures with other HBV genotypes and associated with other co-morbidities,such as obesity,alcoholism and co-infection with hepatitis C virus or human immunodeficiency virus.Hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence is low.Thus,antiviral therapy may differ significantly from the standard guidelines established worldwide.The high prevalence of HBV genotype G in the Americas,especially among the Mexican population,raises new questions regarding its geographic origin that will require further investigation.     

Harnessing the potential of gene editing technology using CRISPR in inflammatory bowel disease

The molecular scalpel of clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9(CRISPR/Cas9) technology may be sharp enough to begin cutting the genes implicated in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and consequently decrease the 6.3 billion dollar annual financial healthcare burden in the treatment of IBD. For the past few years CRISPR technology has drastically revolutionized DNA engineering and biomedical research field. We are beginning to see its application in gene manipulation of sickle cell disease,human immunodeficiency virus resistant embryologic twin gene modification and IBD genes such as Gatm(Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial),nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2, KRT12 and other genes implicated in adaptive immune convergence pathways have been subjected to gene editing, however there are very few publications. Furthermore,since Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have shared disease susceptibility and share genetic gene profile, it is paramount and is more advantageous to use CRISPR technology to maximize impact. Although, currently CRISPR does have its limitations due to limited number of specific Cas enzymes, off-target activity,protospacer adjacent motifs and crossfire between different target sites. However,these limitations have given researchers further insight on how to augment and manipulate enzymes to enable precise gene excision and limit crossfire between target sites.     

Abdominal compartment syndrome:Often overlooked conditions in medical intensive care units

Intra-abdominal hypertension(IAH)and abdominal compartment syndrome are well recognized entities among surgical patients.Nevertheless,a number of prospective and retrospective observational studies have shown that IAH is prevalent in about half of the critically ill patients in the medical intensive care units(ICU)and has been widely recognized as an independent risk factor for mortality.It is alarming to note that many members of the critical care team in medical ICU are not aware of the consequences of untreated IAH and the delay in making the diagnosis leads to increased morbidity and mortality.Frequently it is underdiagnosed and undertreated in this patient population.Elevated intraabdominal pressure decreases the blood flow to the kidneys and other abdominal viscera and also results in reduced cardiac output and difficulties in ventilating the patient because of increased intrathoracic pressure.When intraabdominal hypertension is not promptly recognized and treated,it leads to abdominal compartment syndrome,multiorgan dysfunction syndrome and death.Large volume fluid resuscitation is very common in medical ICU patients presenting with sepsis,shock and other inflammatory conditions like pancreatitis and it is one of the major risk factors for the development of intra-abdominal hypertension.This article presents an overview of the epidemiology,definitions,risk factors,pathophysiology and management of IAH and abdominal compartment syndrome in critically ill medical ICU patients.     

Current status of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with surgically altered anatomy

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)in patients with surgically altered anatomy must be performed by a highly experienced endoscopist.The challenges are accessing the afferent limb in different types of reconstruction,cannulating a papilla with a reverse orientation,and performing therapeutic interventions with uncommon endoscopic accessories.The development of endoscopic techniques has led to higher success rates in this group of patients.Device-assisted ERCP is the endoscopic procedure of choice for high success rates in short-limb reconstruction;however,these success rate is lower in long-limb reconstruction.ERCP assisted by endoscopic ultrasonography is now popular because it can be performed independent of the limb length;however,it must be performed by a highly experienced and skilled endoscopist.Stent deployment and small stone removal can be performed immediately after ERCP assisted by endoscopic ultrasonography,but the second session is needed for other difficult procedures such as cholangioscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy.Laparoscopic-assisted ERCP has an almost 100%success rate in longlimb reconstruction because of the use of a conventional side-view duodenoscope,which is compatible with standard accessories.This requires cooperation between the surgeon and endoscopist and is suitable in urgent situations requiring concomitant cholecystectomy.This review focuses on the advantages,disadvantages,and outcomes of various procedures that are suitable in different situations and reconstruction types.Emerging new techniques and their outcomes are also discussed.     

Loss of BRCA1 expression leads to worse survival in patients with gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the expression deficiency of key molecular markers in the homologous recombination pathway. METHODS: Expression loss of breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), ATM-Rad3-related (ATR), mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1 (MDC1) and meiotic recombination 11 (Mre11) were correlated with their clinicopathological parameters in gastric cancer (GC). One hundred and twenty treatment-naive GC samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded into tissue blocks. Two representative cores from each block were extracted and constructed into tissue microarrays. Expression levels of BRCA1, ATM, ATR, MDC1 and Mre11 were determined using immunohistochemical analysis, and correlated with clinical parameters, including age, gender, Lauren subtype, tumor grades, clinical stage and overall survival.RESULTS: Expression loss of BRCA1, ATM, ATR, MDC1, and Mre11 was found in 21.4%, 20.2%, 21.0%, 11.1% and 4.6%, respectively, of interpretable cases. BRCA1 loss was significantly associated with patients of diffused subtype (intestinal vs diffused, 8.2% vs 31.7%, P = 0.001), higher tumor grade (Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅲ, 10.7% vs 20.5;Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅳ, 10.7% vs 54.5%, P = 0.047) and advanced clinical stage (Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅲ, 12.9% vs 16.9%;Ⅰ /Ⅱ vs Ⅳ, 12.9% vs 45.5%, P = 0.006). MDC1 loss was significantly associated with patients of diffused subtype (intestinal vs diffused, 0% vs 19.7%, P = 0.001) and higher tumor grade (Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅲ, 0% vs 12%;Ⅰ/Ⅱ vs Ⅳ, 0% vs 30.8%, P = 0.012). In addition, the survival time of the patients with expression loss of BRCA1 was significantly shorter than those with positive expression of BRCA1 (2-year survival rate, 32.4% vs 62.8%, P = 0.015). No correlations were found between clinicopathological parameters and expression loss of ATM, ATR and Mre11. CONCLUSION: Our results support the hypothesis that homologous recombination deficiency plays an important role in the progression of gastric carcinoma. Loss of expression of BRCA1 and     

Assessment of chronic radiation proctopathy and radiofrequency ablation treatment follow-up with optical coherence tomography angiography: A pilot study

BACKGROUND Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) occurs as a result of pelvic radiation therapy and is associated with formation of abnormal vasculature that may lead to persistent rectal bleeding. While incidence is declining due to refinement of radiation delivery techniques, CRP remains one of the major complications of pelvic radiation therapy and significantly affects patient quality of life.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) is an emerging treatment modality for eradicating abnormal vasculature associated with CRP. However, questions remain regarding CRP pathophysiology and optimal disease management.AIM To study feasibility of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) for investigating subsurface vascular alterations in CRP and response to RFA treatment.METHODS Two patients with normal rectum and 8 patients referred for, or undergoing endoscopic RFA treatment for CRP were imaged with a prototype ultrahighspeed optical coherence tomography(OCT) system over 15 OCT/colonoscopy visits(2 normal patients, 5 RFA-na?ve patients, 8 RFA-follow-up visits). OCT and OCTA was performed by placing the OCT catheter onto the dentate line and rectum without endoscopic guidance. OCTA enabled depth-resolved microvasculature imaging using motion contrast from flowing blood, withoutrequiring injected dyes. OCTA features of normal and abnormal microvasculature were assessed in the mucosa and submucosa. Blinded reading of OCTA images was performed to assess the association of abnormal rectal microvasculature with CRP and RFA treatment, and rectal telangiectasia density endoscopic scoring.RESULTS OCTA/OCT images are intrinsically co-registered and enabled depth-resolved visualization of microvasculature in the mucosa and submucosa. OCTA visualized normal vascular patterns with regular honeycomb patterns vs abnormal vasculature with distorted honeycomb patterns and ectatic/tortuous microvasculature in the rectal mucosa. Normal arterioles and venules < 200 μm in diameter versus abnormal heterogenous enlarged arterioles and venules > 200μm in diameter were visualized in the rectal submucosa. Abnormal mucosal vasculature occurred in 0 of 2 normal patients and 3 of 5 RFA-na?ve patients,while abnormal submucosal vasculature occurred more often, in 1 of 2 normal patients and 5 of 5 RFA-na?ve patients. After RFA treatment, vascular abnormalities decreased, with abnormal mucosal vasculature observed in 0 of 8 RFA-follow-up visits and abnormal submucosal vasculature observed in only and 2 of 8 RFA-follow-up visits.CONCLUSION OCTA visualizes depth-resolved microvascular abnormalities in CRP, allowing assessment of superficial features which are endoscopically visible as well as deeper vasculature which cannot be seen endoscopically. OCTA/OCT of the rectum can be performed in conjunction with, or independently from endoscopy.Further studies are warranted to investigate if OCTA/OCT can elucidate pathophysiology of CRP or improve management.     

Hepatoprotective actions of melatonin: possible mediation by melatonin receptors

Melatonin,the hormone of darkness and messenger of the photoperiod,is also well known to exhibit strong direct and indirect antioxidant properties. Melatonin has previously been demonstrated to be a powerful organ protective substance in numerous models of injury; these beneficial effects have been attributed to the hormone’s intense radical scavenging capacity. The present report reviews the hepatoprotective potential of the pineal hormone in various models of oxidative stress in vivo,and summarizes the extensive literature showing that melatonin may be a suitable experimental substance to reduce liver damage after sepsis,hemorrhagic shock,ischemia/reperfusion,and in numerous models of toxic liver injury. Melatonin’s influence on hepatic antioxidant enzymes and other potentially relevant pathways,such as nitric oxide signaling,hepatic cytokine and heat shock protein expression,are evaluated. Based on recent literature demonstrating the functional relevance of melatonin receptor activation for hepatic organ protection,this article finally suggests that melatonin receptors could mediate the hepatoprotective actions of melatonin therapy.     

Separate calculation of DW-MRI in assessing therapeutic effect in liver tumors in rats

AIM:To explore whether the antitumor effect of a vascular disrupting agent(VDA)would be enhanced by combining with an antiangiogenic agent,and whether such synergistic effects can be effectively evaluated with separate calculation of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging(DW-MRI).METHODS:Thirty-seven rats with implanted liver tumors were randomized into the following three groups:(1)ZD6126,a kind of VDA;(2)ZDTHA,ZD6126 in combination with an antiangiogenic,thalidomide;and(3)control.Morphological DW-MRI were performed and quantified before,4 h and 2 d after treatment.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values were calculated separately for low b values(ADC low),high b values(ADC high)and all b values(ADC all).The tissue perfusion contribution,ADC perf,was calculated as ADC low-ADC high.Imaging findings were finally verified by histopathology.RESULTS:The combination therapy with ZDTHA significantly delayed tumor growth due to synergistic effects by inducing cumulative tumor necrosis.In addition to delaying tumor growth,ZDTHA caused tumor necrosis in an additive manner,which was verified by HE staining.Although both ADC high and ADC all in the ZD6126and ZDTHA groups were significantly higher compared to those in the control group on day 2,the entire tumor ADC high of ZDTHA was even higher than that of ZD6126,but the significant difference was not observed for ADCall between ZDTHA and ZD6126.This indicated that the perfusion insensitive ADC high values calculated from high b value images performed significantly better than ADC all for the monitoring of tumor necrosis on day 2.The perfusion sensitive ADC perf derived from ADC low by excluding high b value effects could better reflect the reduction of blood flow due to the vessel shutdown induced by ZD6126,compared to the ADC low at 4 h.The ADC perf could provide valuable perfusion information from DW-MRI data.CONCLUSION:The separate calculation of ADC is more useful than conventional averaged ADC in evaluating the efficacy of combination therapy with ZD6126     

Instructions to Authors

The Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases(CJPPD) is an academic journal of the China Preventive Medicine Association and published bimonthly by the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chine Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC). CJPPD publishes original papers from all areas of human parasitology and parasitic diseases. CJPPD has been listed in Index Medicus, Medline, Tropical Diseases Bulletin, Helminthological Abstracts,     

《中华结核和呼吸杂志》2001至2005年引文分析及评价

目的评价《中华结核和呼吸杂志》引文情况，揭示我国呼吸系统专业领域引文的一般资料，分析呼吸系统专业领域作者吸收利用科技文献的实际情况。方法分析《中华结核和呼吸杂志）2001至2005年共60期杂志所刊登论著的所有引文和时间分布、语种分布，计算自引率、引文普赖斯指数（Price index）及引文半衰期，采用布拉德福分散定律（Bradford’s law of scattering）找出引文核心区域的中、外文期刊。结果（1）60期共发表论著561篇，共引文5345条，平均每篇论著引文9．53条；（2）引文以英文为主，共4077条，占76．27％，其次为中文1264条，占23．65％；（3）期刊自引469条，自引率为8．8％。（4）引文普赖斯指数为57％，半衰期为5．35年；（5）根据布拉德福定律得出，核心区域期刊中文1种，外文14种。结论《中华结核和呼吸杂志》引文涉猎文献范围广，引文类型以期刊为主，语种以英文为主。刊载的论文在新颖性方面能紧跟学科发展水平。     

《中国脑血管病杂志》2004-2007年文献引用情况分析

目的分析《中国脑血管病杂志》杂志情报吸收和利用情况，客观地反映文献的引用规律及特征。方法采用文献计量分析法，统计《中国脑血管病杂志》2004-2007年间刊载的651篇论文所用的参考文献（引文），以此作为数据源，利用Excel软件对全部引文数据进行分析处理，分别对引文数量、引文类型、普赖斯指数、文献自引构成比及主要被引期刊等指标，进行文献计量学统计分析。结果651篇论文中共有引文7680条，有引文的论文为596篇，引文率占91．6％，篇均引文11．8条。引文总量中期刊占95．5％，图书占4．3％，其他占0．2％。普赖斯指数为54．0％。651篇论文中有61篇论文出现期刊自引文献79条，占论文总数的9．4％，文献自引构成比为0．010（79／7680）。被引用频次居前20位的期刊占引文总量的47．4％。结论《中国脑血管病杂志》涉猎文献范围广，栏目丰富，引文率呈逐年上升趋势。引文类型以期刊为主，自引率在适中范围内。     

致“一带一路”沿线国家和地区医学机构

《中华老年多器官疾病杂志》是由中国工程院院士、老年心脏学专家王士雯教授于2002年创办的全世界惟一一本以老年心脏病和老年心脏病合并其他器官疾病为主要内容的杂志,月刊,由中国人民解放军总医院老年心血管病研究所主办。杂志已被“中国科技论文统计源期刊”(中国科技核心期刊)收录。本杂志的摘要、图表和参考文献,均为中、英文双语对照,方便国外读者顺利阅读。     

致“一带一路”沿线国家和地区医学机构

《中华老年多器官疾病杂志》是由中国工程院院士、老年心脏学专家王士雯教授于2002年创办的全世界惟一一本以老年心脏病和老年心脏病合并其他器官疾病为主要内容的杂志,月刊,由中国人民解放军总医院老年心血管病研究所主办。杂志已被“中国科技论文统计源期刊”(中国科技核心期刊)收录。     

致“一带一路”沿线国家和地区医学机构

《中华老年多器官疾病杂志》是由中国工程院院士、老年心脏学专家王士雯教授于2002年创办的全世界惟一一本以老年心脏病和老年心脏病合并其他器官疾病为主要内容的杂志,月刊,由中国人民解放军总医院老年心血管病研究所主办。杂志已被“中国科技论文统计源期刊”(中国科技核心期刊)收录。本杂志的摘要、图表和参考文献,均为中、英文双语对照,方便国外读者顺利阅读。为促进中国与“一带一路”沿线国家和地区的医学及文化交流,本刊将免费刊登其来稿,并赠送当期杂志。欢迎“一带一路”沿线国家和地区的老年心脏病和老年病学医生、学者踊跃投稿。     

Retracted: Up‐regulation of NOB1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

The following article from Diseases of the Esophagus “Up‐regulation of NOB1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma” by L. Hong, Y. Zhao, L. Yan, X. Zhou, X. Zhang, W. Guo, L. Sun, J. Wang, H. Jin, J. Ding, K. Wu and D. Fan, published online 19 October 2007, has been retracted by agreement among the authors, the journal Editor‐in‐Chief Claude Deschamps, and Wiley‐Blackwell as the authors determined there were inconsistencies with the original data found on further experiments.     

《国际医学寄生虫病杂志》稿约

《国际医学寄生虫病杂志》为国家卫生部主管、中华医学会和中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所主办的全国性专业学术期刊,是中国科技核心期刊。栏目设置有述评、论著、综述、现场研究、疾病控制、病例报道、学术争鸣、年度学科进展、标准与指南等。主要读者对象为中、高级科研、防治、教学和临床工作者。     

双氯芬酸钠对经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎患者非甾体类抗炎药激活基因1水平的影响

目的探讨双氯芬酸钠对经内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)术后胰腺炎(PEP)患者非甾体类抗炎药激活基因1(NAG-1)水平的影响。方法收集2012年9月-2013年10月于安徽医科大学第一附属医院行ERCP的患者120例,随机分为双氯芬酸钠组和对照组,每组60例。双氯芬酸钠组患者ERCP术后立即肌注奥尔芬1支(含双氯芬酸钠75 mg),对照组不肌注。收集2组患者术前、术后3 h及术后24 h血液,行淀粉酶检测,并观察腹痛发生情况,计算2组患者PEP发生率。分别采用RT-PCR及Western Blot方法检测血浆中NAG-1 mRNA及蛋白表达情况。计量资料采用重复测量的方差分析,满足球形检验时,采用单变量方差分析,不满足球形检验时,采用Greenhouse-Geisser校正方法。计数资料2组间比较采用χ~2检验。结果双氯芬酸钠组PEP发生率(4/60,6.67%)显著低于对照组(12/60,20.00%)(χ~2=4.62,P=0.03)。双氯芬酸钠组术后3 h[(202.70±120.44)U/L vs(283.57±178.39)U/L]、术后24 h[(209.13±157.14)U/L vs(305.97±208.69)U/L]淀粉酶活性均低于对照组(t值分别为2.06、2.03,P值均<0.05)。同时,双氯芬酸钠组患者ERCP术后3 h血浆中NAG-1 mRNA和蛋白表达较术前及对照组术后3 h明显升高(P值均<0.01)。结论双氯芬酸钠具有预防PEP发生的作用,可能与促进NAG-1水平相关。     

Medline-based bibliometric analysis of gastroenterology journals between 2001 and 2007

AIM： To analyze the MEDLINE-indexed publications in gastroenterology specialty journals from 2001 to 2007. Special attention was paid to specific types of articles, the number of publications for individual authors and the author count in each journal.
METHODS： The bibliographic entries of papers belonging to journals listed under the subject heading of＂gastroenterology＂ were downloaded from MEDLINE on the PubMed web site. The analysis was limited to journal articles published between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2007. The analytical dimensions of an article included journal, publication year, publication type, and author name （the last name and initials）.
RESULTS： According to MEDLINE, 81561 articles were published in 91 gastroenterology journals from 2001 to 2007. The number of articles increased from 9447 in 2001 to 13340 in 2007. Only 12 journals had more than 2000 articles indexed in MEDLINE. The ＂World Journal of Gastroenterology＇ had the largest number of publications （5684 articles）, followed by ＂Hepato-Gastroenterology＇ （3036） and ＂Gastrointestinal Endoscopy＂ （3005）. Of all the articles published, reviews accounted for 17.2% and case reports for 15.4%. Only 3739 randomized controlled trials （4.6% of all articles） were published and their annual number increased from 442 in 2001 to 572 in 2007. Among 141741 author names appearing in the articles of gastroenterology journals, 92429 had published only in one journal, 22585 in two journals, 9996 in three journals, and 16731 in more than three journals. The ＂World Journal of Gastroenterology＂ had the greatest number of authors （17838）,followed by ＂Gastroenterology＂ （12 770）, ＂Digestive Diseases and Sciences＂ （11395）, ＂American Journal of Gastroenterology＂ （10889）, and ＂Hepatology＂ （ 10 588）.
CONCLUSION： Global gastroenterology publications displayed a continuous growth in the new millennium. The change was most striking in certain journals. Regular bibliometric analyses on the trends and specific topics would help researchers publish more efficiently and allow editors to adjust the policy more accurately.