无症状下肢动脉病变老人的踝臂指数的检测及下肢动脉病变相关因素的分析

目的：检测无症状下肢动脉病变（LEAD）老人的踝臂指数（ABI）,分析LEAD的相关因素。方法：随机选择206例老年患者,以ABI≤0.9作为LEAD的诊断标准,所有对象被分为无症状下肢动脉病变组（LEAD组,48例）和无下肢动脉病变组（无LEAD对照组,158例）,比较两组心血管病危险因素的分布,分析与LEAD相关的因素。结果：LEAD组的年龄、动脉收缩压（SBP）、脉压（PP）、脂蛋白（a）[Lp（a）]、血尿酸（UA）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）,以及臂踝脉搏波传导速度（baPWV）均明显高于无LEAD对照组（P〈0.05,或P〈0.01）;而舒张压（DBP）显著低于无LEAD对照组（P〈0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示,ABI与年龄（r=-0.347,P=0.025）,PP（r=-0.246,P=0.034）,Lp（a）（r=-0.321,P=0.002）,UA（r=-0.215,P=0.046）,CRP（r=-0.335,P=0.031）,HbA1c（r=-0.272,P=0.017）,baPWV（r=-0.278,P=0.017）均呈负相关。Logistic多元回归提示,年龄、SBP、PP以及Lp（a）与LEAD独立相关。结论：年龄、收缩压、脉压以及脂蛋白（a）是LEAD独立危险因素,其积极矫正有助于无症状下肢动脉病变的防治,减少心、脑血管事件的发生。     

大小动脉顺应性与老年人眼底动脉硬化的关系

目的 探讨大、小动脉顺应性与眼底动脉硬化的关系及其相关危险因素.方法 选取山东大学齐鲁医院老年病科就诊的老年眼底动脉硬化患者61例,在健康体检中心健康查体的老年人群中根据卫生部药物临床试验指导原则中健康人的筛选标准,并结合体格检查和年龄,筛选出健康人12例,采用CVProfilor DO-2020动脉功能测定仪检测大动脉弹性指数(C1)和小动脉弹性指数(C2),并采用佳能免散瞳数码眼底照相机进行眼底照相,分为眼底动脉I级组、Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ级组和正常组.结果 老年眼底动脉硬化患者收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、脉压、C1和C2与健康人比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P(0.05);单因素相关分析表明,眼底动脉硬化级别与收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压和脉压呈正相关(r=0.357、0.261、0.342、0.280,均为P<0.05),其中与收缩压相关性最显著;眼底动脉硬化级别与C1、C2呈负相关(r=-0.281、-0.308,P<0.05、P<0.01),眼底动脉硬化级别与C2相关性最为显著.结论 老年眼底动脉硬化患者C1和C2均降低,其中C2降低更为显著,可能是老年患者心血管危险事件的早期预测因子,亦可作为老年动脉硬化患者的一个治疗指标.     

增龄是影响健康人臂踝脉搏波速度的主要因素

目的 探讨健康人群臂踝脉搏波速度(baPWV)和踝臂指数(ABI)作为反映血管功能状态的指标随增龄变化的规律.方法 以沈阳地区健康人群为基础的横断面研究,按性别分为男性和女性两组;年龄每10岁分为一组:44岁及以下、45～54岁、55～64岁、65～74岁、75岁及以上共5组,总计400人.检测血脂、血糖等生化指标;颈动脉超声检测颈总动脉内膜中膜厚度、双侧颈总动脉血流参数等指标;动脉硬化检测仪检测四肢血压(包括收缩压、平均动脉压、舒张压、脉压差)、baPWV和ABI等指标.结果 各年龄组间baPWV存在显著差异(P<0.05),随增龄baPWV变快,≤44岁年龄组和45～54岁年龄组baPWV值男性显著高于女性(P<0.05);不同性别各年龄组间ABI值均无显著差异.相关分析显示年龄与baPWV具有显著相关性(r=0.732,P<0.01);而baPWV与收缩压、脉压差、舒张压、颈动脉内膜中膜厚度、颈总动脉内径、收缩期峰值血流速度、颈动脉舒张期末血流速度亦显著相关(r分别为0.697、0.655、0.463、0.537、0.502、-0.277、-0.372,均P<0.01);baPWV与低密度脂蛋白、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、总甘油三酯的r值分别为0.176、0.163、0.125、0.099(均P<0.05).结论 年龄是影响健康人动脉僵硬度最主要的因素,baPWV可以反映随增龄动脉结构和功能的改变,可以有效评估健康人群血管健康状态.     

Effects of heart rate on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and ankle-brachial pressure index in patients without significant organic heart disease

This study evaluated the effects of heart rate (HR) on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI). Thirty-two patients without significant organic heart disease underwent elective cardiac catheterization or electrophysiologic study, and were then enrolled in right atrial pacing (RAP; 11 men, 9 women; aged 48 -/+ 15 years) or right ventricular pacing (RVP; 6 men, 6 women, aged 45 -/+ 13 years) studies. Three different HR levels (90, 100, and 110 beats per minute) were paced in random order. By stepwise, multiple linear regression analysis, age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and pulse pressure (PP) correlated positively with baseline baPWV. In the RAP group, as HR increased, baPWV and left brachial diastolic blood pressure increased significantly (p < or = 0.015), while ABI, left ankle SBP, left brachial PP, and left ankle PP decreased significantly (p < or = 0.013). In the RVP group, as HR increased, baPWV also increased significantly (p = 0.001), while ABI, left ankle SBP, and PP decreased significantly (p < or = 0.034). Values of baPWV and ABI may be influenced by HR in young and middle-aged patients without significant organic heart disease. When these values are used to evaluate and follow up cardiovascular risk in patients, HR changes should be considered.     

Small and large artery elasticity indices in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD)

In peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), arterial compliance of the central arteries has been reported to be reduced. It is, however, not clear whether, in PAOD, decreased arterial compliance is also accompanied by similar changes in the peripheral arteries. Therefore the aim of the study was to determine the large (C1) and small (C2) artery elasticity indices in PAOD and their relations to its well-accepted characteristics (ankle-brachial index, ABI; pulse pressure, PP; absolute claudication distance, ACD). A total of 43 patients with PAOD (mean age 68 +/- 9 years; ABI of the limiting leg 0.65 +/- 0.14; SBP (systolic blood pressure) 149 +/- 20 mmHg, and ACD 488 +/- 187 m) were enrolled as well as 16 control subjects of comparable age (69 +/- 4 years) and blood pressure (SBP 147 +/- 27 mmHg). All subjects underwent non-invasive pulse wave analysis in order to determine arterial compliance of the aorta and major side branches (C1) and of the distal circulation (C2), using a modified Windkessel model. In PAOD, both C1 (1.41 +/- 0.56 ml/mmHg) and C2 (0.023 +/- 0.012 ml/mmHg) were comparable to values in an age and blood pressure-matched control group (C1, 1.25 +/- 0.66 ml/mmHg; C2, 0.027 +/- 0.008 ml/mmHg). C1 was significantly correlated with ACD (r = 0.36, p = 0.02), PP (r = -0.33, p < 0.02) and only borderline with ABI (r = 0.28, p = 0.07). C2 was correlated with PP (r = -0.38, p < 0.01), ABI (r = 0.36, p < 0.02) but not with ACD. Large (C1) and small (C2) artery elasticity indices in PAOD were decreased but comparable to values in an elderly group with isolated systolic hypertension. Moreover, C1 and C2 correlated with markers (ABI and PP) of severity of vascular disease.     

Association of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity with cardiovascular risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with premature atherosclerosis. Increasing arterial stiffness is closely associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) is considered to be an indicator of arterial stiffness. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with SLE. Age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBS), plasma lipid profile, plasma homocysteine, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), baPWV, ankle-brachial index (ABI), and SLE-related factors were determined in a total of 83 SLE patients (12 males and 71 females). All SLE patients were further classified into two subgroups according to baPWV value (baPWV < 1400 cm/s, n=37 versus baPWV > 1400 cm/s, n=46). The mean baPWV value of studied SLE patients was 1520 +/- 381 cm/s. Age, BMI, SBP, DBP, FBS, TBARS and homocysteine levels were significantly higher in SLE patients with baPWV value > 1400cm/s than in SLE patients with baPWV value < 1400cm/s. In addition, baPWV correlated significantly with age, SBP, DBP, FBS and homocysteine. Moreover, stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that age and SBP were independently associated with baPWV. The results of this study indicate a possible link between vascular stiffness measured by baPWV and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with SLE.     

老老年人群动态血压参数与动脉僵硬度的相关性

目的探讨老老年人群动态血压参数与动脉僵硬度的相关性。方法筛选年龄≥80岁的老老年人238例,以血压≥160/95 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)为标准,分为高血压组(134例)和对照组(104例),并进行臂-踝脉搏传导速度(baPWV)和24 h动态血压监测。用Pearson分析动态血压各参数与动脉僵硬度的相关性。结果高血压组baPWV高于对照组(P<0.05)。高血压组偶测收缩压,24 h、昼间和夜间收缩压、舒张压、脉压,收缩压负荷及舒张压负荷均高于对照组.夜间收缩压下降率、舒张压下降率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。baPWV与偶测血压;24 h收缩压、舒张压、脉压;昼间收缩压、舒张压、脉压、心率;夜间收缩压、舒张压、脉压;收缩压负荷、舒张压负荷呈正相关(P<0.05,P<0.01),而与夜间收缩压下降率呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论高血压是老老年人群动脉僵硬度增加的一个重要因素,动脉僵硬度与动态血压、脉压、心率及血压负荷相关。     

不同年龄段高血压病患者二尖瓣血流E/A比值与左心房及左心室重构的相关性

目的 分析不同年龄段高血压病患者二尖瓣血流E/A比值与左心房及左心室重构的相关性。方法 高血压病患者1 082（男549,女533）例,根据E/A>1和E/A<1分为两组,又将两组分别按年龄分为青年组、中年组、老年组,测量左心房内径指数（LADi）、左心室质量指数（LVMI）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）及脉压。结果 ①E/A>1组和E/A<1组 LADi随着年龄的增大而增大。E/A>1组LVMI随着年龄的增大而增大,E/A<1组LVMI随着年龄的增大而降低。②青年组中E/A比值与LVMI呈负相关（r=-0.377）,老年组中E/A比值与LADi呈正相关（r=0.243）。结论 伴随年龄的增大E/A比值的改变在青年组与心室重构密切相关,在老年组与心房重构密切相关。     

Vascular stiffness in chronic renal failure patients treated by hemodialysis

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity in patients with end-stage renal failure. Arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an independent risk factor for morbidity in end stage renal failure patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the arterial stiffness in patients with chronic renal failure. In 20 chronic renal failure patients treated by hemodialysis (HD) we assessed the PWV of the carotic artery as well as artery diameter and distensibility, systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), and basal biochemical parameters and compared them with the values determined in 20 healthy controls of comparable age. PWV and PP are significantly (p < 0.001, p < 0.05) higher and distensibility of the carotic artery was significantly lower (p < 0.001) compared to a control group SBP and DBP were < 140/90 mmHg in HD patients (high normotensive range) but were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in a control group. In HD patients PP was correlated with arterial distensibility r = -0.600 (p < 0.005), and systolic artery rice r = -0.408 (p < 0.05). SBP was correlated with PP r = 0.689 (p < 0.0007) and with arterial distensibility r = -0.476 (p < 0.03), arterial diameter to systolic artery rice r = -0.463 (p < 0.03), systolic artery rice to arterial distensibility r = 0.885 (p < 0.00001), intima media to arterial distensibility r = 0.815 (p < 0.00001), intima media to arterial compliance r = 0.893 (p < 0.00001). Our results suggest that not only established hypertension but also high normotensive pressure could cause arterial stiffness absened in chronic renal failure patients.     

Evaluation of aortic distensibility with transesophageal echocardiography.

Distensibility of the descending aorta was evaluated during routine transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in 50 subjects (16 to 80 years, average age 53). M-mode measurements of aortic systolic (SD) and diastolic diameter (DD) were taken distal to the left subclavian artery. Simultaneously, cuff brachial artery systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) pressures were measured. Aortic pressure strain modulus (Ep), calculated as brachial artery pulse pressure/aortic strain, averaged 1.19 +/- 0.95 10(6) dynes/cm2. Elasticity index beta, defined as 1n (SBP/DBP)/aortic strain, averaged 3.77 +/- 2.12. Both Ep and beta were correlated with age (r = 0.65, p less than 0.001; and r = 0.70, p less than 0.0001). In 20 subjects aortic pulse wave velocity was assessed at the same time using simultaneous high fidelity recordings of carotid and femoral artery pressure waveforms. Aortic pulse wave velocity averaged 818 +/- 231 cm/sec and was correlated with Ep (r = 0.60, p less than 0.01) and with age (r = 0.55, p less than 0.05). Intraobserver and interobserver variability for aortic diameter measurement ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 mm.     

Collagen metabolism in extracellular matrix may be involved in arterial stiffness in older hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.

Collagen metabolism in the extracellular matrix (ECM) is related to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular stiffness and remodeling in hypertension. We evaluated the association between collagen metabolism markers and the newly developed parameter, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), in older hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We performed echocardiography and baPWV measurement using a new device, form PWV/ABI (Colin Medical Technology, Komaki, Japan), and measured plasma levels of markers of collagen metabolism such as procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide (PICP: a marker of collagen synthesis), collagen type I pyridinoline cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP: a marker of collagen type I degradation), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1: a marker of collagen degradation) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in 46 hypertensive patients with LVH. BaPWV was correlated with the plasma level of PICP (r=0.33, p=0.03) and ICTP (r=0.29, p=0.05) and the total TIMP-1/MMP-1 ratio (an index of collagen turnover; r=0.30, p=0.04). BaPWV was negatively correlated with the E/A ratio of left ventricular inflow (r=-0.36, p<0.05), while baPWV was not correlated with left ventricular mass index (LVMI; r=-0.175, p=0.25) or deceleration time of the mitral E wave (DCT; r=0.15, p=0.31). The measures of hypertensive heart disease, such as the E/A ratio, DCT or LVMI were not correlated with any collagen markers in this study. In multiple regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors such as age, sex, pulse pressure, mean blood pressure, pulse rate, LVMI, E/A ratio and DCT, the positive correlation between baPWV and total TIMP-1/MMP-1 ratio remained significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, arterial stiffness in high-risk older hypertensive patients may involve ECM collagen metabolism.     

Augmentation index and pulse wave velocity as indicators of cardiovascular stiffness

The authors examine the clinical significance of radial augmentation index (rAI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). In 78 hypertensive patients, rAI correlates inversely with pulse rate (PR; r = -0.57, P < .001), but baPWV does not. A weak correlation between rAI and systolic blood pressure (SBP) is observed (r = 0.28, P < .05). rAI has no significant correlation with diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In contrast, baPWV correlates positively with both SBP (r = 0.54, P < .001) and DBP (r = 0.43, P < .001). In 56 of these patients, baPWV correlates with the diastolic parameters-the mitral E/A ratio (r = -0.35, P < .01), pulmonary vein S/D ratio (r = 0.41, P < .01), and deceleration time (r = 0.28, P < .05)--by echocardiography, but AI.P75 (rAI corrected for PR 75 bpm because of PR dependence) does not. Therefore, for detection of diastolic dysfunction, baPWV may be more sensitive than rAI.     

Selective angiotensin receptor antagonism with valsartan decreases arterial stiffness independently of blood pressure lowering in hypertensive patients.

Angiotensin II plays a key role in the development of vascular disease. We examined the long-term effects of selective angiotensin II receptor (ATR) blockade with valsartan on arterial wall stiffness. Brachial to ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured in 28 women and 25 men with hypertension (mean age: 62+/-2 years). The measurements were repeated after 24 weeks of treatment with valsartan, 40 to 160 mg/day, with (n=10) or without (n=36) concomitant statin therapy. By multiple regression analysis, baseline baPWV was correlated with age (p<0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP, p<0.0001), body mass index (p=0.018), and pulse pressure (p=0.005), but not with total cholesterol (p=0.446). Valsartan lowered mean SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) from 155+/-3 to 140+/-3 mmHg and from 90+/-2 to 82+/-2 mmHg, respectively, and mean baPWV from 1,853+/-49 to 1,682+/-52 cm/s. Lowering of baPWV was not influenced by statin therapy. An overlap analysis was performed to separate the effect of angiotensin II receptor blockade from that of blood pressure (BP) lowering. The decrease in the baPWV value of 1,794+/-46 cm/s before valsartan (n=39) vs. 1,663+/-45 cm/s during valsartan (p=0.048, n=31) at a similar mean SBP level (149+/-2 vs. 146+/-3 mmHg, p=0.304) confirmed that ATR blockade had a beneficial effect independent of BP lowering. SBP strongly influences baPWV. However, the decrease in baPWV with valsartan was independent of BP lowering. Statins had no synergistic effect on baPWV. Lowering of baPWV may account for the therapeutic benefit conferred by valsartan independent of its BP-lowering effect.     

运动性高血压与动脉硬化和早期肾损害的相关性

目的 探讨原发性高血压患者中运动性高血压与动脉硬化及早期肾损害的关系。方法 选择原发性高血压患者105例，根据Bruce方案行次极量跑台运动负荷试验，依据次极量运动时收缩压（SBP）分为运动性高血压组（次极量运动时SBP≥200 mmHg,H组）和运动血压正常组（次极量运动时SBP<200 mmHg,N组），两组分别为46例和59例，均行血脂、肾功能、血糖、高敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、踝臂脉搏波传导速度（baPWV）、颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）及尿微量白蛋白/肌酐（UACR）的检测，baPWV、IMT和UACR分别作为反映动脉硬化和早期肾损害的指标。结果 与N组比较，H组的BMI(P<0.01)、高血压家族史（P<0.05）、吸烟史（P<0.05）、LDLC(P<0.01)、hs-CRP(P<0.05)、baPWV(P<0.01)、IMT(P<0.05)与UACR(P<0.05)均显著升高；与N组比较，H组静息SBP升高（P<0.05），次极量运动时SBP、次极量运动时PP、运动后6 min SBP、运动后6 min ...     

Pulse pressure as a risk factor for peripheral vascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients

This study examined whether pulse pressure (PP) could be an independent predictor and associated with severity of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) in 396 type 2 diabetic patients (143 men and 253 women, aged 64.1 +/- 11.2 years). Peripheral vascular disease was diagnosed by an ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.90 and as severe PVD if ABI < 0.80. Association was evaluated before and after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, hypertension, smoking, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), usage of insulin, and usage of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB); and for systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), respectively. Results showed that PP increased from no (n = 348) to mild (n = 25) and severe (n = 23) PVD (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.001; multiple comparisons, p < 0.05 for any two groups). The PP increase from no to mild PVD was due to SBP increase; while further increase to severe PVD was due to both DBP drop and an even higher SBP. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for PVD for every 1-mmHg PP increment was 1.035 (1.012-1.058). When PP was categorized as tertiles (< 50, 50-59 and > or = 60 mmHg), respective AOR for PVD for second and third vs. first tertile was 2.605 (1.008-6.729) and 2.835 (1.123-7.156). Pulse pressure was also predictive for ABI independent of the effects of the confounders and the other parameters of blood pressure. In conclusion, PP was an independent predictor and correlated with severity of PVD in type 2 diabetic patients.     

55岁以下冠心病患者踝臂脉搏波传导速度变化及其影响因素分析

目的 探讨55岁以下冠心病患者踝臂脉搏波传导速度(brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity,baPWV)的变化及影响因素.方法 选择2010年2月至2012年1月经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的204例患者(年龄≤55岁),采用动脉硬化测定仪测定双侧肢体的baPWV,并以baPWV≥14 m/s为动脉僵硬度增高.统计患者动脉僵硬度异常的检出率,应用多因素分析筛选baPWV的影响因素.结果 动脉僵硬度增高检出率58.3％,baPWV增高组患者收缩压水平显著高于baPWV正常组患者(t=3.016,P＜0.01),女性患者baPWV水平显著高于男性患者(t=2.188,P＜0.05).baPWV与收缩压(r=0.343,P＜0.001)、舒张压(r=0.194,P＜0.05)、三酰甘油(r=0.166,P＜0.05)、总胆固醇(r=0.188,P＜0.05)呈正相关.多元线性回归分析显示女性、收缩压和三酰甘油是baPWV的独立影响因素.结论 55岁以下冠心病患者动脉僵硬度异常率较高,女性、收缩压和三酰甘油是55岁以下冠心病患者baPWV升高的独立影响因素.     

Reproducibility of arterial stiffness indices (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) simultaneously assessed by automated pulse wave analysis and their associated risk factors in essential hypertensive patients.

Arterial stiffness is a strong determinant of cardiovascular risk. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and the augmentation index (AIx) are widely used as arterial stiffness indices. We studied the reproducibility of these indices and their association with cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensives. We measured brachial blood pressure (BP), brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) and carotid AIx (cAIx) twice (at the baseline and 4 weeks after the baseline) using an automatic device in 103 hypertensives. The mean intraobserver-intersession difference was 29.0 cm/s with an SD of 201.6 cm/s for baPWV, and 0.5% with an SD of 5.9% for cAIx, and the Bland-Altman plots demonstrated the good reproducibility of baPWV and cAIx. Both baPWV and cAIx (the average of the 1st and the 2nd measurements) were significantly correlated with age, systolic BP (SBP), and pulse pressure (all, p <0.005); however, these factors were not correlated with each other (r =0.06, NS). cAIx was correlated with height, heart rate (HR), total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (all, p <0.05). In multiple regression analysis, age, SBP, and HR emerged as significant independent predictors of baPWV (adjusted R(2)=0.43, p <0.0001), while height, SBP, HR, and LDL-C emerged as significant independent predictors of cAIx (adjusted R(2)=0.58, p <0.0001). Both PWV and AIx measured using an automatic device were fairly reproducible, and their associated risk factors appeared to be different. Automated simultaneous measurement of these arterial stiffness indices may be useful for risk stratification of hypertensives.     

Relationship between markers of inflammation and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in Japanese men

The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between markers of inflammation, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an indicator of arterial stiffness, in Japanese men. We studied 269 male subjects (mean age, 53 years) who entered our health check-up program. Subjects who were receiving any medication were excluded from the study. baPWV was measured using a volume-plethysmographic apparatus (Form /ABI; Colin, Co. Ltd., Komaki, Aichi, Japan). In addition to routine laboratory tests including ESR, serum levels of hsCRP were determined by a highly sensitive ELISA technique. baPWV was significantly correlated with age (r = 0.41, P < 0.0001), height (r = - 0.21, P = 0.0006), body weight (r = - 0.17, P = 0.007), mean blood pressure (r = 0.66, P < 0.0001), pulse pressure (r = 0.56, P < 0.0001), heart rate (r = 0.25, P < 0.0001), ln (ESR) (r = 0.20, P = 0.001), fasting blood glucose (r = 0.23, P = 0.0001), and ln (serum hsCRP) (r = 0.23, P = 0.0002). baPWV in the highest tertile of ESR was significantly higher than that in the lowest tertile of ESR (P = 0.005). baPWV in the highest tertile of serum hsCRP was significantly higher than those in the lowest tertile (P = 0.002) and the middle tertile of serum hsCRP (P = 0.02). In multiple regression analysis, baPWV significantly correlated with ln (serum hsCRP) independently of other clinical variables that showed a significant correlation with baPWV. baPWV is significantly associated with serum levels of hsCRP in Japanese men, suggesting that inflammation is involved in arterial stiffening.     

血压、动脉顺应性与颈动脉、桡动脉内膜-中层厚度关系

目的 分析血压、动脉顺应性及颈动脉、桡动脉内膜-中层厚度(intima-media thickness;IMT)之间关系。方法 采用血管外超声及动脉脉搏分析仪分别测量81例血压正常者及33例高血压患者的颈动脉、桡动脉IMT及动脉弹性指数C1、C2。结果 高血压组较血压正常组C1、C2降低，颈动脉内膜-中层厚度(CIMT；carotid IMT)、颈动脉内径(carotid diameter；CD)增加，两组桡动脉内膜-中层厚度(RIMT)及桡动脉内径(radial diameter；RD)相比无显著差异。血压正常组中无高血压家族史者较有高血压家族史者C1较高而收缩压(SBP)、脉压(PP)、CIMT较低。相关分析：C1、C2与年龄、SBP、PP呈负相关；CIMT与年龄、SBP、舒张压(DBP)、PP呈正相关；RIMT与SBP、DBP呈正相关。调整年龄、性别、BMI、CD、RD、及血生化指标后，C1、C2与SBP、DBP、PP呈负相关；CIMT与SBP、PP呈正相关，与DBP无显著相关性。而RIMT与血压相关无显著性。结论 CIMT及C1、C2可作为评价高血压和动脉粥样硬化血管结构与功能异常的无创性敏感性指标。     

周围动脉硬化指标结合运动负荷试验预测冠状动脉狭窄程度的临床意义

目的探讨周围动脉硬化指标对早期预测冠心病及冠状动脉病变程度的临床意义。方法随机选取解放军总医院心内科住院患者56例,平板运动试验前后完成静息性及运动后即刻踝臂指数(ankle-brachial index,ABI);肱动脉踝动脉脉搏波速度(brachial ankle artery pulse wave velocity,baPWV)、上行主动脉-踝动脉脉搏波速度(haPWV)检测,同时完成冠状动脉造影检查,根据造影结果,分为无病变组9例,无意义狭窄组12例,单支病变组1 7例,双支病变组9例及3支病变组9例,对各组患者运动前后ABI、baPWV及haPWV进行统计学分析。结果静息状态下,与无病变组比较,冠状动脉病变各组ABI差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),baPWV、haPWV明显增高.差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);冠状动脉病变各组间,ABI、baPWV及haPWV值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);平板运动试验结束即刻,所有研究对象ABI均有不同程度下降,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);无病变组与冠状动脉病变各组baPWV、haPWV及变化值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论静息baPWV、haPWV显著增高,可以预测冠状动脉存在病变,但不能预测冠状动脉病变程度。运动前后ABI及运动后baPWV、haPWV对冠状动脉病变及病变程度的预测价值均甚微。