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1.
外伤性癫痫的临床特征分析及手术治疗 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 总结外伤性癫痫的临床特征及手术效果。方法 对病人进行神经学检查及EEG、CT、MRI及ECT检查,确定致痫灶后手术治疗,手术中行皮层及深部脑电监测。结果 外伤性癫痫病人32例,年龄10至45岁。临床主要表现有全身强直痉挛性发作、部分性发作、精神运动发作、失神发作。头皮脑电图显示32例病人中30例患者有与损伤部位或对冲部位相符的恒定局限性高波幅尖波、棘波和棘慢波。所有病人均在皮层及深部脑电监测下切除病灶。术后15例已完全停止发作,16例已明显好转,1例无明显改变。结论 外伤性癫痫的临床特点包括局灶性发作多见,癫痫发作形式多样和致痫灶在影像学改变附近。手术切除病灶能获良好效果。 相似文献
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外伤性癫痫的手术治疗(附25例分析) 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
目的探讨外伤性癫痫手术治疗的效果。方法外伤性癫痫25例,首次癫痫发作在颅脑损伤后3 ̄15年。术前患者均行了EEG检查和CT或MRI检查,另外7例患者还行发作间期SPECT检查。在ECoG监测下对患者进行手术治疗。结果术后半年以上随访显示手术总有效率为84.0%(21/25),优良率为80.0%(20/25)。其中16例行皮质切除术患者中14例有效;4例行前颞叶切除术的患者均有效;4例行单纯胼胝体切开术的患者例有效2,2例效果较差;1例行胼胝体切开多处软脑膜下横纤维切断 (MST)的患者有效。结论外伤性癫痫是顽固性癫痫中手术疗效较好的一种类型。如果药物治疗的效果不佳,且术前致痫灶定位准确,就可以考虑手术治疗。 相似文献
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外伤性癫痫状态手术治疗的脑电定位价值 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
胡帮建 《立体定向和功能性神经外科杂志》2003,16(4):221-222
外伤性癫痫持续状态是神经科急诊 ,若不及时有效抢救 ,将会导致患者神经系统永久性损害 ,甚至死亡。药物治疗无效的外伤性癫痫持续状态行手术治疗国内尚未见文献报道。我院于 1 996~ 1 999年期间收治 4例药物治疗无效的外伤性癫痫持续状态患者 ,经术前脑电图 (EEG)定侧定位 ,术中脑皮质电图 (ECoG)监测下行痫灶切除收到了满意的疗效 ,现报告如下。资料与方法1 .资料 例 1 .男 ,4 8岁 ,临床表现 :左额叶外伤性脑内血肿清除 1年出现发作性昏倒 ,四肢抽搐 ,意识障碍 2年余。发作时头右偏 ,并伴呼吸暂停 ,每1 0~ 2 0min发作一次 ,每次 3~… 相似文献
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目的总结功能区外伤性癫痫的临床特征及将几种术式联合治疗的效果。方法根据术前对32例病人的临床分析和痫灶定位检查,术中采用皮质脑电图监测,术式包括疤痕松解术、致痫灶切除术、前颞叶切除术、前颞叶及海马切除术、胼胝体切开术和多处软膜下横纤维切断术,术后随访2~3年。结果17例癫痫发作完全消失;9例癫痫发作显著减少,效果良好;4例疗效差;无明显改善2例,手术总有效率达81.25%(26/32)。结论选择适当的手术方式治疗功能区外伤性癫痫可取得较好的疗效。 相似文献
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外伤性癫痫治疗的临床探讨 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
目的探讨外伤性癫痫的高危因素、临床特征、预防及治疗方法等。方法我科自2000年1月到2006年3月收治86例外伤性癫痫患者,均常规给予抗癫痫药物治疗,其中手术治疗21例。手术患者采取致痫灶切除术6例,致痫灶切除 多处软膜下横切术(MST)/热灼术11例,前颞叶、杏仁核-海马切除2例,选择性杏仁核-海马切除1例,胼胝体切开 MST 皮层热灼1例。结果随访6~58月,65例保守治疗者中,28例在服药治疗两年以上后逐步减药直至停药,未见癫痫明显发作;其余患者仍继续口服药物治疗,8例仍时有发作。21例手术治疗患者,术后癫痫控制满意9例(42.7%),显著改善8例(38.1%),良好2例(9.6%),效果较差1例(4.8%),无改善1例(4.8%)。无手术死亡及永久性并发症发生。结论外伤性癫痫的预防首先应去除诱因,对有高发风险者可予以预防性抗癫痫药物治疗。准确的术前评估、术中ECoG监测、多种术式的联合应用可提高外伤后癫痫患者的手术疗效。 相似文献
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外伤性癫痫的伽玛刀治疗 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
外伤性癫痫(post traumatic epilepsy,PTE)是颅脑外伤的常见并发症之一,大部分患经抗癫痫药物(antiepilepsy drug,AED)治疗,病情可得到控制,但少部分患药物治疗无效,需经外科手术治疗。我中心自2000年2月至2001年12月,应用伽玛刀(γ-刀)放射外科治疗药物不能控制的外伤性癫痫12例,其中8例获得4~16个月随访。现报告如下。 相似文献
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目的探讨外伤后晚期难治性癫痫的致痫灶精确定位、手术方法及其治疗效果。方法68例外伤后晚期难治性癫痫患者,采用神经影像学、视频脑电图、症状学以及术中皮层脑电图(ECoG)监测等方法综合定位致痫灶。采取单纯脑软化灶切除术治疗11例,脑软化灶+周边致痫皮层切除术治疗31例,脑软化灶+周边致痫皮层切除十功能区致痫皮层低功率电凝热灼术或多处软膜下横切术治疗20例,脑软化灶+周边致痫皮层切除术+胼胝体前部切开术治疗6例;17例同期行颅骨缺损修补术。术后继续正规服用抗癫痫药物。结果60例随访1—7年,EngelⅠ级21例,Ⅱ级32例,Ⅲ级4例,Ⅳ级3例,总有效率88.3%。具有精神症状的患者术后精神症状均明显缓解。出现暂时性轻偏瘫18例,永久性轻偏瘫2例,暂时性失语6例,颅内感染3例。结论手术是治疗外伤后晚期难治性癫痫的有效方法。术前准确定位致痫灶、术中ECoG监测及采取合适的术式是手术成功的关键。 相似文献
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难治性外伤性癫痫的手术治疗分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨外伤性癫痫的临床特点、致痫灶位置与脑软化灶的关系和手术疗效.方法 沈阳军区总医院神经外科自2003年2月至2006年4月共手术治疗难治性外伤性癫痫患者13例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析. 结果 8例患者致痫灶位于外伤软化灶周围(2~7 cm);5例为颞叶癫痫,其中4例为颞叶内侧型(3例受伤时年龄1.5~5岁,术后病理显示海马胶质细胞增生)、1例为颞叶外侧型.13例患者均在皮层电极监测下行手术治疗,4例同期行颅骨修补术.经2~5年随访,总手术有效率92.3%,优良率84.6%. 结论 外伤性癫痫致痫灶常位于软化灶周围;小于5岁的重型颅脑损伤易导致海马硬化;难治性外伤性癫痫的手术疗效较好,一经诊断,应积极进行手术治疗. 相似文献
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Performances on the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale and on Halstead's neuropsychological measures were investigated in two groups of adult subjects with posttraumatic seizures. One of the groups, in addition to seizures, had abnormal and persistent focal cortical signs. The other group had seizures only and no other known deficits or complications. The results suggest that posttraumatic epilepsy, whether or not accompanied by abnormal and persistent focal cortical signs, is associated with significant psychological impairment. Patients with posttraumatic epilepsy alone perform somewhat better than those whose epilepsy is accompanied by independent evidence of cortical damage. However, the performance difference between such patients is not major, nor is it statistically significant on most measures such as those used in the present study. Possible reasons for the performance deficit in this group were discussed. 相似文献
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顽固性额叶癫痫的手术治疗 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
目的 总结与分析顽固性额叶癫痫患者手术治疗的效果和经验。方法 回顾性分析2001年9月到2003年3月在我科接受手术治疗的66例顽固性额叶癫痫病例,统计患者的症状、检查及手术治疗情况,并总结手术体会。结果 手术行额叶癫痫病灶切除 多处软膜下横切(MST)12例。额极切除1例。额叶MST 选择性胼胝体切开 选择性海马杏仁核切除14例,额叶MST 选择性胼胝体切开30例,额叶MST 选择性海马杏仁核切除3例,额叶MST 选择性胼胝体切开 双侧直回内侧切除术2例,单纯MST4例。术后疗效满意49例(74.2%),显著改善ll例(16.7%),良好4例(6.1%),无效2例(3.0%)。结论 顽固性额叶癫痫患者的特点是病情严重,手术效果好。 相似文献
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Pharmacologic Prophylaxis of Posttraumatic Epilepsy A Review 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
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外科治疗颞叶继发性癫痫的临床分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 探讨颞叶继发性癫痫的原因并总结手术治疗经验。方法 对我院自1994年1月至2002年12月手术治疗的26例颞叶继发性癫痫患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。手术方式是在皮层脑电图(ECoG)监测下采用病灶切除、病灶周致痫皮质切除、前颞叶切除和病灶周围皮质区多处软膜下横纤维切断等多种方法的组合。结果 26例病人无手术死亡及并发症。23例病人随访3个月∽7年,症状完全消失者16例(占69.6%),术后癫痫发作显著减少者(发作频率不到原来的25%)5例(21.7%)。术后癫痫发作减少者(发作频率不到原来的50%)2例(8.7%)。结论 多种手术方法结合治疗颞叶继发性型癫痫患者安全有效。 相似文献
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Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Epilepsy: A Critical Review 总被引:21,自引:2,他引:19
Lauren C. Frey 《Epilepsia》2003,44(S10):11-17
Summary: Problem: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of epilepsy. We need to understand its frequency and its contribution to the total spectrum of the convulsive disorders.
Methods: A review of selected articles dealing with epilepsy after brain trauma was undertaken.
Results: The number of epidemiologic studies of posttraumatic seizures has increased substantially over the past 40–50 years, offering steadily increasing knowledge of the frequency, natural history, and risk factors of this well-recognized complication of TBI. In general, the incidence of posttraumatic seizures varies with the time period after injury and population age range under study, as well as the spectrum of severity of the inciting injuries, and has been reported to be anywhere from 4 to 53%. As high as 86% of patients with one seizure after TBI will have a second in the next 2 years. Longer-term remission rates of 25–40% have been reported. Significant risk factors for the development of seizures in the first week after injury include acute intracerebral hematoma (especially subdural hematoma), younger age, increased injury severity, and chronic alcoholism. Significant risk factors for the development of seizures >1 week after TBI include seizures within the first week, acute intra-cerebral hematoma (especially subdural hematoma), brain contusion, increased injury severity, and age >65 years at the time of injury.
Conclusions: Epilepsy is a frequent consequence of brain injury in both civilian and military populations. We understand some factors associated with its development, but there remain many unanswered questions. 相似文献
Methods: A review of selected articles dealing with epilepsy after brain trauma was undertaken.
Results: The number of epidemiologic studies of posttraumatic seizures has increased substantially over the past 40–50 years, offering steadily increasing knowledge of the frequency, natural history, and risk factors of this well-recognized complication of TBI. In general, the incidence of posttraumatic seizures varies with the time period after injury and population age range under study, as well as the spectrum of severity of the inciting injuries, and has been reported to be anywhere from 4 to 53%. As high as 86% of patients with one seizure after TBI will have a second in the next 2 years. Longer-term remission rates of 25–40% have been reported. Significant risk factors for the development of seizures in the first week after injury include acute intracerebral hematoma (especially subdural hematoma), younger age, increased injury severity, and chronic alcoholism. Significant risk factors for the development of seizures >1 week after TBI include seizures within the first week, acute intra-cerebral hematoma (especially subdural hematoma), brain contusion, increased injury severity, and age >65 years at the time of injury.
Conclusions: Epilepsy is a frequent consequence of brain injury in both civilian and military populations. We understand some factors associated with its development, but there remain many unanswered questions. 相似文献
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颞叶新皮质癫痫的手术治疗 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 总结新皮质颞叶癫痫病人临床特征、手术方法和疗效。方法 对28例新皮质颞叶癫痫病人术前行电生理学、影像学、脑磁图(MEG)定位以及术中皮层和深部电极描记,采取病灶切除加周围皮质切除术、皮质切除术、病灶切除加多处软膜下横切术以及多处软膜下横切术进行治疗,并进行3个月~2年的随访观察。结果 28例颞叶新皮质癫痫经手术和病理证实,其中患胶质增生9例,胶质细胞瘤8例,血管畸形5例,新生儿缺氧性脑损害和外伤后脑膜脑瘢痕3例,灰质异位l例,无结构性病变2例。无手术致残和死亡。随访3~24个月后,根据Engel等人的标准分类,I级16例,Ⅱ级6例,Ⅲ级4例,Ⅳ级2例。结论 根据电生理学、影像学和MEG准确颞叶定位,采取不同术式治疗新皮质颞叶癫痫可达到良好的治疗效果。 相似文献