白松片对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠行为学及血浆CORT、ACTH的影响

目的：观察白松片对慢性应激抑郁大鼠模型行为学和血浆CORT、ACTH含量的影响。方法：SD雄性大鼠28只随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、氟西汀对照组及白松片试验组，选用慢性轻度不可预见性应激加孤养造模，观察各组大鼠敞箱实验和液体消耗等行为学指标变化，采用放射免疫方法检测大鼠血浆皮质醇(CORT)和促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)含量。结果：慢性应激抑郁大鼠体重增加缓慢，敞箱实验中的水平运动、垂直运动得分、清洁动作次数显著减少，中央格停留时间显著延长；糖水消耗明显下降，纯水消耗显著增多，而且其血浆皮质醇和促肾上腺皮质激素含量增加。氟西汀和白松片均显著改善慢性应激抑郁大鼠模型的行为学和神经内分泌变化。结论：慢性轻度不可预见性应激可使大鼠行为及神经内分泌发生异常改变，引起抑郁状态，白松片对此具有一定拮抗作用。     

下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴紊乱对焦虑性抑郁模型大鼠海马结构的影响

目的研究下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴紊乱对焦虑性抑郁模型大鼠海马结构的影响,探讨焦虑性抑郁的潜在发病机制。方法将大鼠随机分为空白组、溶媒组、焦虑组、抑郁组和焦虑性抑郁组,每组12只。采用慢性束缚应激联合皮质酮注射方法建立焦虑性抑郁大鼠模型,连续21 d;造模后采用高架十字迷宫(EPM)、旷场实验(OFT)、强迫游泳实验(FST)评价大鼠焦虑和抑郁样行为;HE染色检测大鼠HPA轴各组织及海马病理变化;ELISA检测大鼠血浆中促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、皮质酮(CORT)含量;Western blot检测大鼠海马糖皮质激素受体(GR)蛋白表达。结果焦虑性抑郁组大鼠进入开臂的时间、次数及自主活动次数均与焦虑组相当,不动时间显著增加,与对照组及抑郁组比较有显著差异(P0.01或P0.05);HPA轴各组织均出现不同程度损伤,海马神经元肿胀,呈空泡状;同时,血浆中CRH、ACTH和CORT含量显著增加(P0.01或P0.05),海马GR表达显著下降。结论焦虑性抑郁模型组大鼠具有显著的焦虑及抑郁样行为,其发病机制可能与机体HPA轴紊乱及其引发的脑内海马损伤密切相关。     

N-棕榈酰乙醇胺通过调控前额叶皮质PPARα通路抗大鼠抑郁样行为

目的:探讨皮质过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)在N-棕榈酰乙醇胺(PEA)调控大鼠抑郁样行为中的作用。方法:构建大鼠慢性不可预见性温和应激(CUMS)抑郁模型。将70只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、CUMS模型组、CUMS+氟西汀(10 mg/kg)组、CUMS+PEA (2.5、5和10 mg/kg)组及CUMS+PEA (10 mg/kg)+MK886 (3 mg/kg)组。CUMS第8天开始药物处理,监测大鼠体重并测试其相关行为学变化。第36天大鼠麻醉后取脑组织标本,用免疫组化和组织形态学方法观察前额叶皮质(PFC)的突触小泡蛋白(SYP)表达及神经元形态改变;Western blot和RT-PCR法检测大鼠PFC中PPARα蛋白和mRNA的表达。结果:PEA增加CUMS抑郁模型大鼠的体重获得、蔗糖偏好率和旷场实验中的运动时间,缩短旷场实验的不动时间(P<0.01),上调PFC中SYP的蛋白表达,改善神经元的形态,增加PFC质量及PFC/全脑百分比,下调PFC中PPARα的蛋白和mRNA表达。与PEA(10 mg/kg)的组相比,MK886组大鼠在CUMS第35天体重获得和蔗糖偏好率明显降低,旷场实验中不动时间增加及运动距离减少,PFC中的SYP表达降低,PPARα的蛋白和mRNA表达上调(P<0.05)。结论:PEA拮抗CUMS大鼠的抑郁样行为,其机制可能与PEA调控PFC的PPARα通路、改善其突触可塑性有关。     

安神解郁汤对CUMS大鼠海马p-Tau及HPA轴的影响

目的:观察安神解郁汤(ASJYD)对抑郁大鼠海马微管蛋白p-Tau及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠40只分为对照组(Control)、抑郁模型组(CUMS)和ASJYD治疗组(ASJYD),利用慢性不可预测轻度应激(CUMS)建立抑郁大鼠模型,通过灌胃方法给予抑郁大鼠ASJYD治疗;通过糖水偏好实验、旷场实验和Morris水迷宫测试各组大鼠的行为学表现; HE染色观察海马组织结构的变化;用Western Blot方法检测大鼠海马组织中p-Tau的表达水平; ELISA检测大鼠下丘脑促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)和血清促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)变化。结果:糖水消耗和糖水偏好百分比模型组低于对照组和药物治疗组(P 0. 01)。旷场实验中行走路程、中央格时间、站立次数和修饰行为模型组低于对照组和药物治疗组(P 0. 01)。水迷宫平均逃避潜伏期模型组高于对照组和药物治疗组(P 0. 01)。HE染色各组海马组织结构发生显著变化。模型组大鼠海马p-Tau蛋白的表达低于对照组,用药治疗后显著提高(P 0. 01)。模型组下丘脑CRF含量和血清ACTH水平明显高于对照组,治疗后有明显改善(P 0. 01)。结论:安神解郁汤对CUMS大鼠抗抑郁作用,可调节p-Tau以及下丘脑CRF和血清ACTH的变化。     

腹外侧眶皮层中miR-200对慢性应激所致大鼠抑郁行为调控作用研究

目的:观察慢性不可预知温和应激(CUMS)模型大鼠腹外侧眶皮层(VLO)内miR-200和双特异性磷酸酶1(DUSP1)表达变化,并探讨VLO内注射miR-200模拟物对抑郁行为的调控作用及机制。方法:大鼠建立CUMS抑郁模型后分为5组:CUMS+miR-200模拟物组(VLO内注射20 pmol miR-200 mimic);CUMS+阴性对照组(VLO内注射20 pmol阴性对照siRNA);无应激+阴性对照组;无应激+miR-200模拟物组;CUMS+氟西汀(10 mg/kg/d)组。依次进行蔗糖偏爱测试、旷场实验、高架十字迷宫实验。Western Blot检测VLO内DUSP1、细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ERK)、pERK蛋白表达。结果:与无应激组比较,CUMS组大鼠体重降低(P0.0001)、蔗糖偏爱下降(P=0.008),VLO中miR-200表达减少(P0.0001),DUSP1表达增高(P=0.0054);与CUMS+阴性对照组比较,CUMS+miR-200模拟物组大鼠蔗糖偏爱率(P=0.028),开放臂进入时间(P=0.031)和进入次数(P0.0001)均升高,总活动距离不受影响;与CUMS+阴性对照组比较,CUMS+miR-200模拟物组VLO中DUSP1(P=0.046)和pERK(P=0.042)蛋白水平显著升高。结论:慢性应激性环境所致抑郁样行为与VLO内pERK下调有关,miR-200可直接下调VLO内DUSP1表达,提高pERK表达并最终改善抑郁症状。     

Relationships between hippocampal NMDA receptor and NOS positive neurons in myenteric nerve plexus in stomach of CUMS rats

目的 探讨慢性应激对大鼠胃功能和胃肠神经系统的影响,并分析其海马谷氨酸(Glu)离子型受体机制.方法 通过建造慢性应激性抑郁模型大鼠,结合脑立体定位及微量注射Glu和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体阻断剂MK-801,对实验鼠进行糖水偏爱等行为学检测、胃内压记录及胃内在神经丛的一氧化氮合酶(NOS)阳性神经元表达的组织化学检测.结果 慢性不可预见性温和应激(CUMS)动物表现出抑郁样行为,且胃运动减弱；海马注射NMDA受体阻断剂MK-801,可以反转CUMS的效应；海马注射Glu,能增加游泳不动时间,但对胃运动无影响.CUMS使胃肌间神经丛NOS阳性神经元数量减少[(73.74±16.38 )/LPF,P＜0.05],神经节数量减少[(4.25±1.34)/LPF,P＜0.05],但每个神经节内神经元数量明显增加(6.55±2.37,P＜0.05)；海马注射MK-801能改善CUMS引起的神经节数量减少的现象.结论 慢性应激诱发的抑郁样行为与海马Glu及其NMDA受体有关,而胃活动的减弱可能与海马NMDA受体变化影响胃肌间神经丛NOS神经元分布格局有关.     

重复性经颅磁刺激与舍曲林改善CUMS大鼠焦虑抑郁样行为的比较及其机制研究

目的:比较重复性经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)和舍曲林处理对慢性不可预见温和应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress,CUMS)大鼠焦虑抑郁样行为的改善作用及其可能的作用机制。方法:32只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、CUMS组、CUMS+rTMS组以及CUMS+舍曲林组,每组8只。采用糖水偏好实验、强迫游泳实验及旷场实验观察各组大鼠行为,并以蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测各组大鼠海马内源性大麻素I型受体(cannabinoid type 1 receptor,CB1R)的表达。结果:CUMS组糖水偏好值、水平活动度、中央活动次数以及CB1R的表达水平均显著低于对照组、CUMS+rTMS组和CUMS+舍曲林组,而CUMS+rTMS组和CUMS+舍曲林组两者之间没有统计学差异;CUMS组的强迫游泳不动时间大于其它三组,而CUMS+rTMS组和CUMS+舍曲林组两者之间没有统计学差异。结论:rTMS与舍曲林均能改善CUMS大鼠的焦虑抑郁样行为,二者的改善作用没有统计学差异,其作用可能是通过上调海马CB1R的表达实现的。     

青藤碱调控CUMS抑郁大鼠突触可塑性及其对Notch和mTOR信号通路的影响

目的:探究青藤碱(Sin)对慢性不可预见性温和应激(CUMS)所致抑郁大鼠症状的影响及可能的机制.方法:120只雄性健康SD大鼠随机分为对照(Ctrl)组、CUMS组、氟西汀(Fluo)组和Sin组(n=30).建立CUMS抑郁大鼠模型,并分别给予Fluo(20 mg·kg-1·d-1)或Sin(30 mg·kg-1·...     

毛蕊花糖苷通过调控BDNF-TrkB信号通路改善CUMS大鼠的抑郁样行为

目的:观察毛蕊花糖苷(acteoside)对慢性不可预见性温和应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress,CUMS)大鼠抑郁样行为的影响,并探讨脑源性神经营养因子-原肌球蛋白受体激酶B(brain-derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin receptor kinase B,BDNF-TrkB)信号通路在其中的作用机制。方法:采用CUMS结合孤养的方式制备抑郁模型大鼠,成模后随机分为模型组、盐酸氟西汀(20 mg/kg)组和毛蕊花糖苷(30 mg/kg、60 mg/kg和120 mg/kg)组,每组18只,另取18只正常大鼠作为对照组,连续灌胃给药3周。采用强迫游泳实验和糖水偏好实验检测大鼠抑郁样行为的变化;免疫荧光和Western blot法检测大鼠海马BDNF-TrkB信号通路相关蛋白的表达情况;ELISA法检测脑组织中单胺类神经递质5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)的含量。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠强迫游泳不动时间明显延长,糖水偏好量明显下降,海马BDNF和TrkB的表达均明显降低,脑组织中5-HT、DA和NE含量均显著减少;与模型组比较,盐酸氟西汀组和毛蕊花糖苷各剂量组以上各检测指标均得到显著逆转(P0.05)。结论:毛蕊花糖苷可能通过上调海马BDNF-TrkB信号通路、增加脑内单胺类神经递质含量而改善CUMS大鼠的抑郁样行为。     

N-棕榈酰乙醇胺对慢性束缚应激小鼠焦虑抑郁样行为的影响

目的:采用慢性束缚应激小鼠模型,研究N-棕榈酰乙醇胺(N-palmitoylethanolamide,PEA)对小鼠焦虑抑郁样行为的影响,进一步探讨PEA抗小鼠焦虑抑郁作用的可能机制。方法:小鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、氟西汀(10 mg/kg)组和PEA 2.5、5、10 mg/kg组,每天灌胃给药后30 min,将小鼠(除了正常对照组)放置于有机玻璃管内接受4 h的慢性束缚应激,持续21 d。第22天采用旷场实验和强迫应激实验观察PEA对慢性束缚应激小鼠抑郁样行为的影响;高架十字迷宫实验探讨PEA对慢性束缚应激小鼠焦虑样行为的影响;水迷宫方法分析PEA对慢性束缚应激小鼠学习、记忆、空间定向和认知功能等方面的作用;ELISA方法检测慢性束缚应激小鼠血清促肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocorticotropic hormone,ACTH)、皮质醇(cortisol,CORT)及海马5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)含量的变化;可见分光光度法检测海马乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,ACh E)活性的改变。结果:与模型组相比,在小鼠强迫应激实验中,PEA及氟西汀组小鼠不动时间明显减少;旷场试验中,PEA及氟西汀明显增加小鼠水平移动距离及运动总时间,但只有PEA 10 mg/kg及氟西汀组增加了小鼠直立次数;在高架十字迷宫实验中,PEA及氟西汀明显增加小鼠开臂进入次数、开臂停留时间百分比及在臂总移动距离;在水迷宫实验中,PEA 5、10mg/kg及氟西汀组明显缩短小鼠寻台潜伏期,PEA 10 mg/kg及氟西汀组明显缩短小鼠搜寻距离。与应激模型组比较,PEA 2.5~10 mg/kg及氟西汀显著降低小鼠血清中ACTH水平,PEA 5、10 mg/kg及氟西汀显著降低小鼠血清CORT水平及小鼠肾上腺指数,PEA 10 mg/kg及氟西汀显著增高海马5-HT含量,降低海马ACh E活性,但PEA 2.5和5 mg/kg组海马组织中5-HT含量及ACh E活性则无明显改变。结论:PEA对束缚应激模型小鼠的焦虑及抑郁样行为具有一定的拮抗作用,其具体作用机制可能与调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能、增加海马单胺类递质5-HT水平及参与中枢胆碱系统的调节有关。     

皮质酮与慢性不可预见性应激诱导的两种抑郁症模型比较

目的从行为学及分子水平比较皮质酮(CORT)与慢性不可预见性应激(CUMS)诱导的抑郁症模型的异同,为抑郁症发病机制研究及抗抑郁药物的筛选与评价模型提供一定的参考。方法将30只雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分成对照组(Ctrl)、慢性不可预见应激组(CUMS)和皮质酮注射应激组(CORT)组,制作应激模型21d,期间每3d对小鼠进行称重。21d模型制作结束后,对小鼠进行行为学测试,并于第22天,通过眼眶取血收集动物血清,并用ELISA法测定血清皮质酮含量。眼眶取血后脱颈椎处死动物,取出动物的胸腺和脾脏进行称重,计算脏器指数;取出脑组织,置于液氮罐保存,尼氏(Nissl)染色法观察小鼠大脑海马区神经元损伤情况;采用Western blotting、RT-PCR方法测定抑郁症相关蛋白及基因的表达。结果与对照组相比,两种抑郁症模型组开场实验中的行为学指标均改变,强迫游泳和悬尾实验的累积不动时间显著升高。两个模型组的胸腺指数无明显变化,而CORT组的脾脏指数较对照组下降。CUMS和CORT组小鼠血清皮质酮含量高于对照组,CORT组与CUMS组相比有升高趋势,但差异无显著性。CUMS和CORT两种模型均使海马CA1、CA3和DG区神经元密度降低,CORT模型变化更明显。两模型组的促肾上腺素释放激素(CRH)的mRNA和蛋白的表达量均显著性增加,脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、磷酸化转录因子环磷腺苷反应元件结合蛋白(p-CREB)和磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶(p-ERK)的蛋白表达水平均呈现明显地抑制,但CUMS和CORT两组之间差异无显著性。结论 CORT模型和CUMS模型均能成功构建抑郁症模型,且与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴紊乱有关,两种模型在小鼠海马结构改变及大脑BDNF-pCREB和ERK信号通路激活等方面差异无显著性。提示,CORT模型可用于抑郁症机制的研究及抗抑郁药的筛选与评价,尤其可用于以HPA轴功能紊乱所引起的抑郁症分子机制探讨。     

摘除松果腺对大鼠视交叉上核节律性的影响

成年Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雄性大鼠２０只，实验组１０只，行松果腺摘除术；对照组１０只。术后３０ｄ将实验组、对照组动物各半数在０９：００～１０：００和１６：００～１７：００分别处死。用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法显示视交叉上核内含ＶＩＰ的神经元；微机图像分析仪上测量其光镜下的切面面积及平均免疫反应强度。结果：（１）对照组不同时间处死的动物ＶＩＰ样神经元切面面积０９：００～１０：００大于１６：００～１７：００，呈节律性变化。（２）摘除松果腺后各时间组间ＶＩＰ样神经元切面面积的差异无显著性，提示实验组动物视交叉上核的ＶＩＰ样神经元功能活动的日周节律已发生改变。（３）对照组和实验组动物的ＶＩＰ样神经元平均免疫反应强度在所测的两个时间中均未见明显差异。     

Acute and delayed effects of picrotoxin on the adrenocorticotropic system of rats

To investigate the possible effect of GABA on the corticotropic system, the potent GABA antagonist picrotoxin was injected into two groups of 14 female rats at 07.00 h and 19.00 h, respectively. A single subconvulsive I.p. injection dramatically raised plasma ACTH and corticosterone, and thereafter suppressed the circadian rhythm of ACTH, but not of corticosterone, for 24 h in the group injected at 07.00 h and for 48 h in the one injected at 19.00 h and increased mean hormonal levels. Results are discussed in the light of the possibility that inhibition by the GABAergic system and stimulation by the serotoninergic system might be components of the mechanism controlling the circadian rhythm of ACTH.     

Circadian dependence of corticosterone release to light exposure in the rat

Previous studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between glucocorticoid levels and circadian reentrainment time following a shift in the light:dark (LD) cycle. We conducted a series of experiments to examine the circadian dependence of the corticosterone (CORT) response to light. Exp. 1 measured CORT release in rats exposed to light at six timepoints. Light presented during the subjective night increased CORT (p<0.05), while light presented during the subjective day did not. In Exp. 2, we documented the time course of the CORT response to light in entrained animals. Rats exposed to light at zeitgeber time (ZT) 18 had a maximal increase in CORT levels following 60 min of stimulus presentation (p<0.05). There was also an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone following 15 min of light at ZT18 (p<0.05). In an effort to elucidate the effect of changes in the LD cycle on the circadian profile of CORT, Exp. 3 followed the CORT rhythm (in cerebrospinal fluid) of rats prior to and following a shift in the LD cycle. The CORT nadir was elevated following a 6 h photic advance (p<0.05), as was the mean CORT concentration during the peak phase (p<0.05). Most components of the circadian CORT rhythm, however, failed to show an immediate shift towards the change in the light cycle. Together, these data support the hypothesis that a photic phase-shift results in elevated CORT levels, while the rhythm of CORT secretion is robust against changes in the photic environment.     

Swimming exercise effects on the expression of HSP70 and iNOS in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in combined stress

Exercise could play a beneficial role in stress, but its underlying mechanism especially about heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in brain has not been fully clarified. Moreover, few studies have investigated swimming exercise and its effects on the combined stress of both chronic and acute stress. In this study we tried to investigate the role of swimming exercise in combined stress and whether its biological mechanism was related to the HSP70 and iNOS in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. 32 Wistar rats were enrolled and divided into four groups: control, CUMS, labetalol and exercise. After the animal model of chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) was built in the latter three groups, all the rats were given the novel acute stress of inescapable footshock. The behavioral changes were measured by open field test. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was adopted to test the change of serum corticosterone (CORT). The expression of HSP70 and iNOS in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex was analyzed by Western blot. The results demonstrated that swimming exercise could not only improve the behavior changes and protect the function of HPA axis stable in CUMS animals exposed to novel acute stress, but also increase the HSP70 expression and decrease the iNOS expression in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. In conclusion, swimming exercise could play a beneficial role in combined stress by up-regulating HSP70 level and down-regulating iNOS level in brain.     

Persistent stress-induced elevations of urinary corticosterone in rats

Exposure of rats to inescapable stressors (IS) results in persistent elevations in plasma corticosterone (CORT), which are selective to the trough of the circadian rhythm. Although affective disorders (depression, anxiety) in humans are also characterized by persistent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) activation, the predominant measure of HPAA activation in clinical studies is 24-h urinary cortisol. To facilitate interspecies comparisons regarding the persistent effects of stress on HPAA activity, we compared the effects of IS on plasma and urinary CORT in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to three 2-h sessions of IS (40, 2.0 mA tailshocks) or remained in their home cages. The 24-h urine samples were collected daily from 2 days prior to stress to 5 days after stressor cessation, then weekly for 3 weeks. In addition, plasma samples were obtained at 08:00 (trough) and 20:00 hours (peak) for the first 3 days after stressor cessation and weekly for 3 weeks thereafter. Consistent with our earlier work, plasma CORT elevations were apparent in the trough, but not the peak samples for 3 days after stressor cessation. The 24-h urinary CORT levels were elevated during stressor exposure, and remained elevated for 3 days after stressor cessation. Persistent stress-induced urinary CORT elevations in rats are reminiscent of the clinical HPAA abnormalities described for major depression and affective disorders.     

Immobilization and cold stress affect sympatho-adrenomedullary system and pituitary-adrenocortical axis of rats exposed to long-term isolation and crowding

Changes in plasma levels of noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT), as well as in cytosol glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) in hippocampus of adult rat males exposed to two long-term types of psychosocial stress, both under basal conditions and in response to immobilization and cold as heterotypic additional stressor were studied. Long-term isolation produced a significant elevation of basal plasma ACTH and CORT levels, but did not affect that of NA and A, while long-term crowding conditions did not elevate the basal plasma levels of these hormones. Long-term isolation of rats exposed to 2 h of immobilization or cold led to a significant elevation of plasma NA, A and CORT in comparison with the controls. Long-term crowding conditions and exposure of animals to immobilization or cold also resulted in an increased plasma NA, A and CORT levels, but to a lesser extent in comparison with the long-term isolation. At the same time, plasma ACTH was significantly more elevated in long-term crowded than in long-term isolated rats. Both kinds of long-term psychosocial stresses (isolation and crowding) had similar but less pronounced effects on cytosol GR and Hsp 70 concentrations in hippocampus comparing to acute immobilization and cold stress. It seems that long-term psychosocial stresses attenuate the effects of an additional stress on hippocampal GR and Hsp 70 concentrations. These data suggest that individual housing of rats appear to act as a stronger stressor than crowding conditions. When the animals suffering a long-term isolation were exposed to either acute immobilization or cold, a stronger activation of the sympatho-adrenomedullary system (SAS) was recorded in comparison with that found in the long-term crowded group subjected to short-term immobilization or cold. No significant differences in the activity of hypotalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were observed between long-term isolated and long-term crowded rats.     

毛蕊花糖苷对抑郁症大鼠行为学和前额叶皮层内质网应激的影响

目的:观察毛蕊花糖苷(acteoside)对抑郁症大鼠行为学及前额叶皮层内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)的影响,探讨毛蕊花糖苷的抗抑郁机制。方法:将108只健康雄性SD大鼠按照随机数字表法分为对照组、模型组、阳性对照氟西汀(20 mg/kg)组和毛蕊花糖苷低、中、高剂量(30 mg/kg、60 mg/kg、120 mg/kg)组,每组18只。采用慢性不可预见性温和应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress,CUMS)结合孤养的方式制备大鼠抑郁模型。氟西汀组和毛蕊花糖苷各剂量组分别按剂量连续灌胃给药3周,对照组和模型组每日以等体积生理盐水灌胃。采用旷场实验和糖水偏好实验观察大鼠抑郁样行为变化;免疫荧光组化法检测大鼠前额叶皮层ERS通路的关键因子葡萄糖调节蛋白78(glucose-regulated protein 78,GRP78)和C/EBP同源蛋白(C/EBP homologous protein,CHOP)的表达情况;分光光度计检测大鼠前额叶皮层caspase-3的活性。结果:与对照组比较,模型组、氟西汀组及毛蕊花糖苷各剂量组大鼠旷场实验总行程、中间停留时间及糖水摄取量均下降,前额叶皮层GRP78和CHOP的表达均明显增加,caspase-3酶活性明显升高(P0.05);与模型组比较,氟西汀组和毛蕊花糖苷各剂量组旷场实验总行程、中间停留时间及糖水摄取量均增加,GRP78和CHOP的表达均明显降低,caspase-3酶活性明显下降(P0.05)。结论:毛蕊花糖苷可以改善抑郁症大鼠的抑郁样行为,其机制可能与其抑制前额叶皮层ERS通路并减少神经元凋亡有关。