IL-17、Foxp3~+Treg和IL-17~+Foxp3~+T细胞在自身免疫性疾病中的作用

白细胞介素17(interleukin-17,IL-17)和Foxp3~+调节性T细胞(Foxp3~+regulatory T cell,Foxp3~+Treg)在机体的免疫调节中起重要作用,分别与其他因子相互协同,在自身免疫性疾病中起到促进或抑制作用。一种新型细胞即IL-17~+Foxp3~+T细胞在维持免疫平衡中起重要作用,但具体机制尚不完全清楚。随着对自身免疫性疾病免疫靶向治疗研究的深入,进一步研究IL-17、Foxp3~+Treg和IL-17~+Foxp3~+T细胞在自身免疫性疾病中的作用,可以为治疗方案提供新思路。本文综述近年来IL-17、Foxp3~+Treg和IL-17~+Foxp3~+T细胞在自身免疫性疾病中作用的研究进展。     

Foxp3和PD1在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 检测叉头状转录因子3(Foxp3)和程序性死亡受体1(PD1)在结直肠癌组织中的表达,探讨两者表达与患者临床病理特征及预后的关系.方法 应用免疫组化(IHC)技术检测Foxp3及PD1在结直肠癌组织中和癌旁组织中的表达,Chi-square统计分析Foxp3及PD1表达强度的相关性及与患者临床病理特征,Kapla...     

Foxp3和CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞研究进展

调节性T细胞是机体维持自身耐受的重要组成部分,其对免疫反应具有抑制效应,在体外增殖能力低,在免疫病理、移植物耐受、阻止自身免疫反应和维持机体免疫平衡方面都有一定作用.最近发现Foxp3在调控调节性T细胞的一重要亚群CD4+CD25+T细胞的发育上起很重要的作用.本文就CD4+CD25+T细胞特性、Foxp3在其发育和功能发挥中的作用以及其活性调节方面作一综述.     

CD4~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞在恶性血液病中的变化及机制研究

目的:分析CD4+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(CD4+Foxp3+Treg)在恶性血液病患者外周血的比例变化,探讨CD4+Foxp3+Treg参与恶性血液病发病的可能机制。方法:用流式细胞仪检测急性白血病、淋巴瘤患者及健康对照外周血CD4+Foxp3+Treg细胞的比例;然后用小鼠的淋巴瘤细胞EL-4和红白血病瘤细胞FBL3的培养上清液与C57BL/6小鼠脾细胞共同培养72小时,RT-PCR检测Foxp3 mRNA的表达。结果:恶性血液病患者外周血CD4+Foxp3+Treg数量显著高于正常对照(14.9±2.92)%、(5.68±1.21)%,P<0.001。小鼠EL-4和FBL3细胞上清液均能够使小鼠脾细胞Foxp3 mRNA表达水平明显增高。结论:恶性血液病患者CD4+Foxp3+Treg比例增高可能导致抗肿瘤免疫功能低下,此外肿瘤细胞分泌的可溶性物质使Foxp3表达增高,增强了CD4+Foxp3+Treg细胞的抑制功能,使肿瘤易于生长和转移。     

小鼠CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~+调节性T细胞体外扩增

目的:本研究旨在探讨CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞体外扩增的方法。方法:采用磁珠分选小鼠CD4+T细胞,αCD3单克隆抗体包被24孔板,加入αCD28单克隆抗体、雷帕霉素、rhIL-2,培养3周后,流式细胞仪测定培养细胞中CD4+CD25+T细胞的含量,实时定量PCR检测CD4+CD25+T细胞Foxp3 mRNA的表达;单向混合淋巴细胞反应和增殖抑制试验测定扩增的CD4+CD25+T细胞的增殖及其抑制功能;ELISA检测培养上清中IL-10和TGF-β1的含量。结果:小鼠CD4+T细胞培养3周后,CD4+CD25+T细胞达(76.05±2.73)%,高于未加雷帕霉素组(52.17±1.36)%(P<0.001),磁珠分选的CD4+CD25+T细胞Foxp3 mRNA的表达是未加雷帕霉素组的5倍(P<0.001),增殖能力是未加雷帕霉素组的0.29倍(P<0.001),对CD4+T细胞增殖抑制能力是未加雷帕霉素组的3.6倍(P<0.001),培养上清中IL-10和TGF-β1分别是对照组的1.8倍和1.6倍(P<0.001)。结论:小鼠CD4+T细胞在含有1μg/ml的αCD28、rhIL-2 100 U/ml和终浓度为10 nmol/L雷帕霉素的培养体系中培养3周后能有效扩增CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞。     

转录因子Foxp3在子宫内膜异位症局部组织中的表达及意义

目的： 检测Foxp3在子宫内膜异位症组织中的表达,探讨内异症的发病机制。方法: 通过免疫组化染色,观察21 例子宫内膜异位症卵巢巧克力囊肿及同一患者盆腔腹膜中Foxp3的表达,并与10 例正常子宫内膜和10例正常腹膜进行比较。结果: 子宫内膜异位症患者卵巢巧克力囊肿及其盆腔腹膜中均可见到Foxp3阳性细胞表达,且二者Foxp3阳性细胞计数比较差异无显著;正常子宫内膜和正常腹膜中无Foxp3阳性细胞表达。结论: Foxp3启动了调节性T细胞的免疫抑制功能,使盆腔内免疫环境呈免疫耐受状态,当有活性的子宫内膜细胞进入盆腔后没有被免疫系统识别和清除,而是在盆腔内异位处发生侵袭、种植及进一步生长, 这可能是子宫内膜异位症发生的机制之一。     

妊娠期高血压患者外周血CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞的变化及意义

目的:研究CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞在妊娠期高血压疾病患者(HDCP)外周血中比例改变,并探讨其在妊娠期高血压疾病进程中的意义。方法:选取2007年11月至2008年6月在镇江市妇幼保健院、镇江市润州区人民医院门诊及住院妊娠期高血压疾病患者56例,其中妊娠期高血压20例,轻度子痫前期16例,重度子痫前期20例。选择同期正常妊娠妇女20例,正常育龄妇女16例。采用细胞内染色的流式细胞术及定量PCR的方法,分别在蛋白质和mRNA水平检测调节性T细胞Foxp3的表达。结果:(1)轻度子痫前期和重度子痫前期妇女外周血中CD4+CD25+T细胞比例分别为6.78%±1.18%、4.79%±1.17%,显著低于正常妊娠妇女11.95%±3.73%(P0.01)和正常育龄妇女8.99%±2.40%(P0.05);重度子痫前期CD4+CD25+T细胞比例明显低于妊娠期高血压的10.17%±1.46%(P0.05);正常妊娠妇女外周血CD4+CD25+细胞比例显著高于正常育龄妇女(P0.05)。(2)妊娠期高血压、轻度子痫前期和重度子痫前期患者CD4+CD25+Foxp3+细胞分别为1.80%±0.45%、1.36%±0.21%和0.72%±0.25%,显著低于正常妊娠妇女的4.23%±1.28%(P0.01)和正常育龄妇女的2.75%±1.09%(P0.05),而轻度子痫前期和重度子痫前期患者CD4+CD25+Foxp3调节性T细胞明显低于妊娠期高血压(P0.05);正常妊娠妇女外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+细胞显著高于正常育龄妇女(P0.05)。(3)Foxp3mRNA表达水平与蛋白质水平相一致。结论:妊娠期高血压疾病发病时CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞明显减少,这些调节性T细胞改变可能参与了妊娠高血压疾病的病理进程。     

胃癌组织中Foxp3+Tregs和pDCs与胃微生物群失调的关系

目的 探讨胃癌组织中Foxp3+Tregs和浆细胞样树突状细胞(pDCs)与胃微生物群失调的关系.方法 选择我院2018年2月-2020年2月诊治的胃癌患者97例(收集其胃癌组织标本和癌旁标本)和同期健康者40例,胃癌患者根据类型分为肠型、弥漫性和混合型,分别为31例、28例、38例.采用免疫组化染色、Western blot法测定胃癌组织中Foxp3+Tregs、pDCs表达,16S rRNA法检测胃微生物群,并分析各指标表达差异及相关性.结果 肠型、弥漫性和混合型癌巢组织中Foxp3+Tregs、pDCs表达量逐渐升高(P＜0.05).胃癌患者鞘氨醇单胞菌、幽门螺杆菌、单形拟杆菌水平低于健康者,而痤疮丙酸杆菌、咽峡炎链球菌、产黑普氏菌高于健康者;不同类型胃癌患者氨醇单胞菌、幽门螺杆菌、单形拟杆菌、痤疮丙酸杆菌、咽峡炎链球菌、产黑普菌水平比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).痤疮丙酸杆菌、咽峡炎链球菌、产黑普菌与Foxp3+Tregs、pDCs数量呈正比关系(P＜0.05).结论 胃癌癌旁和癌巢组织微生境中细菌丰度降低,不同类型胃癌肿瘤微生境中有不同的优势微生物;组织中Foxp3+Tregs、pDCs与胃微生物群失调相关.     

CD4~+ CD25~+调节性T细胞及Foxp3基因在不同淋巴结转移状态的非小细胞肺癌患者中的表达差异

目的:比较CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞及Foxp3基因在不同淋巴结转移状态的非小细胞肺癌患者外周血及肿瘤微环境中的表达差异。方法:46例初诊、初治的非小细胞肺癌患者根据有无淋巴结转移分为两组,采用流式细胞仪检测两组患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的比例,Real-time PCR检测Foxp3基因的表达,免疫组化法检测肿瘤微环境中Foxp3的表达情况,ELISA法检测外周血及肿瘤组织匀浆中的TGF-β和IFN-γ水平。结果:Foxp3基因在转移淋巴结中的表达明显强于无转移的淋巴结,有淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者肿瘤微环境中的Foxp3表达明显强于无淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者,前者肿瘤组织匀浆中的TGF-β水平也明显高于后者,差异均具有显著性。两组患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞比例、Foxp3基因的表达及TGF-β、IFN-γ水平比较无显著性差异。结论:有淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者肿瘤微环境中存在Foxp3基因表达增强及TGF-β水平增高的现象,提示该类患者存在较为严重的局部肿瘤免疫抑制状态。     

宫颈癌患者外周血中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T淋巴细胞及血清中IL-10、TGF-β的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨宫颈癌患者外周血CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+调节性T淋巴细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)、T淋巴细胞亚群以及血清IL-10、TGF-β1、TGF-β2细胞因子的表达及其临床意义.方法 选取32例宫颈癌患者和24位健康体检者为研究对象,采用流式细胞术检测受试者外周血中CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的比例、T淋巴细胞亚群细胞比例;采用ELISA方法检测血清中细胞因子IL-10、TGF-β1、TGF-β2的含量.结果 与健康对照组相比,宫颈癌组外周血中CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的比值明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4 +/CD8+、CD19+)比例差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),血清IL-10含量明显增高,TGF-β2含量明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),TGF-β1的含量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);宫颈癌组手术后、化疗后CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的比例,血清IL-10、TGF-β1、TGF-β2含量均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+Treg与TGF-β1之间存在正相关(r=0.673,P＜0.01).结论宫颈癌患者CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的比值增高,且与TGF-B1含量呈正相关,可能在宫颈癌的肿瘤发生发展及肿瘤免疫逃逸中起着重要作用.     

程序性死亡蛋白配体-1/程序性死亡蛋白-1在老年胃癌患者外周血CD8+T淋巴细胞中的表达及临床意义

目的 通过分析程序性死亡蛋白配体-1/程序性死亡蛋白-1(programmed death ligand-1/programmed death-1,PD-L1/PD-1)在老年胃癌患者外周血CD8+T淋巴细胞中表达情况,探讨其临床意义.方法 选择同一时期90例老年胃癌患者(具有不同临床分期)及90例老年健康体检者,分别采取新鲜外周血后经流式细胞仪检测血中CD8+T淋巴细胞表面PD-L1/PD-1表达情况,结合老年胃癌患者的临床分期,分析PD-L1/PD-1在不同胃癌分期中的表达意义.结果 PD-L1/PD-1在老年胃癌患者外周血CD8+T淋巴细胞呈高表达,相较于老年健康者差异具有统计学意义(t=7.043,P<0.05);外周血CD8+T淋巴细胞的PD-L1/PD-1阳性表达均随着临床分期的增加而增加,呈明显的正相关性(r=0.883,P<0.05);外周血CD8+T淋巴细胞的PD-1阳性表达随着临床分期的增加而增加,两者之间呈正相关性(r=0.811,P<0.05);临床分期较晚的老年胃癌患者外周血CD8+T淋巴细胞PD-L1/PD-1表达比其他相对较早的临床分期老年胃癌患者显著上升(t=4.377,P<0.05).结论 PD-L1/PD-1信号通路异常在老年胃癌患者病变的发生发展过程中发挥了重要作用,外周血CD8+T淋巴细胞PD-L1/PD-1的表达对评判患者的预后具有指导作用.     

Foxp3在CD25+CD4+调节性T细胞发育和功能中作用的研究进展

CD25+CD4+调节性T细胞(Treg)是显性耐受的重要调节细胞,在免疫病理、自身免疫耐受的维持、针对病原体和肿瘤的免疫反应调节过程中发挥着关键的作用.Foxp3作为X染色体编码的叉头蛋白转录因子家族的一员,是Treg发育、分化和功能发挥所必不可少的.研究Foxp3调控机制及其在Treg生物功能中的作用对于Treg和显性耐受的研究具有极其重要的意义.     

Foxp3在CD25+CD4+调节性T细胞发育和功能中作用的研究进展

CD25+CD4+调节性T细胞(Treg)是显性耐受的重要调节细胞,在免疫病理、自身免疫耐受的维持、针对病原体和肿瘤的免疫反应调节过程中发挥着关键的作用.Foxp3作为X染色体编码的叉头蛋白转录因子家族的一员,是Treg发育、分化和功能发挥所必不可少的.研究Foxp3调控机制及其在Treg生物功能中的作用对于Treg和显性耐受的研究具有极其重要的意义.     

Dendritic cells expand antigen-specific Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells including suppressors of alloreactivity

Summary: Thymic derived naturally occurring CD25⁺CD4⁺ T regulatory cells (Tregs) suppress immune responses, including transplantation. Here we discuss the capacity of dendritic cells (DCs) to expand antigen‐specific Tregs, particularly polyclonal Tregs directed to alloantigens. Initial studies have shown that mature DCs are specialized antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) for expanding antigen‐specific CD25⁺ CD4⁺ Tregs from TCR transgenic mice. When triggered by specific antigen, these Tregs act back on immature DCs to block the upregulation of CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules. More recently, DCs have been used to expand alloantigen‐specific CD25⁺CD4⁺ Tregs from the polyclonal repertoire in the presence of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2). Allogeneic DCs are much more effective than allogeneic spleen cells for expanding CD25⁺CD4⁺ Tregs. The DC‐expanded Tregs continue to express high levels of Foxp3, even without supplemental IL‐2, whereas spleen cells poorly sustain Foxp3 expression. When suppressive activity is tested, relatively small numbers of DC‐expanded CD25⁺CD4⁺ Tregs exert antigen‐specific suppression in the mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR), blocking immune responses to the original stimulating strain 10 times more effectively than to third party stimulating cells. DC‐expanded Tregs also retard graft versus host disease (GVHD) across full major histocompatibility complex (MHC) barriers. In vitro and in vivo, the alloantigen‐specific CD25⁺CD4⁺ Tregs are much more effective suppressors of transplantation reactions than polyclonal populations. We suggest that the expansion of Tregs from a polyclonal repertoire via antigen‐presenting DCs will provide a means for antigen‐specific control of unwanted immune reactions.     

The number of Foxp3-positive regulatory T cells is increased in Helicobacter pylori gastritis and gastric cancer

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization induces vigorous innate and specific immune responses; however, the infection is not removed, a state of chronic active gastritis persists for life if untreated. Recent studies have shown that CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Foxp3-positive regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress the immune response to H. pylori. Persistent H. pylori-associated gastritis is closely associated with gastric carcinogenesis. We investigated the number of Tregs in the context of H. pylori colonization in chronic gastritis, examined the relationship between it and histopathological findings and compared it with that of gastric dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. This study was based on the analysis of gastric biopsy specimens from 126 cases of H. pylori-associated gastritis, 16 cases of H. pylori-negative gastritis, 17 cases of gastric dysplasia, and 25 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma. The number of Tregs was elevated in H. pylori-associated gastritis, where it was positively correlated with the grade of chronic inflammation and the number of lymphoid follicles. It was significantly elevated in adenocarcinomas compared to chronic gastritis and gastric dysplasia. In summary, the number of Tregs is increased in H. pylori-associated gastritis and gastric cancer.     

Expansion of circulating Foxp3+CD25bright CD4+ T cells during specific venom immunotherapy

Background Venom immunotherapy (VIT) induces long‐lasting immune tolerance to hymenoptera venom antigens, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet clarified. Regulatory T cells are thought to play an important role in allergic diseases and tolerance induction during specific immunotherapy. Aim Characterize longitudinally the impact of VIT on the pool of circulating regulatory T cells. Methods Fourteen hymenoptera venom‐allergic patients with severe reactions (grades III–IV) were studied before, 6 and 12 months after starting ultra‐rush VIT. Freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were surface stained with a panel of markers of T cell differentiation and intracellularly for CTLA‐4 and Foxp3 and analysed by flow cytometry. foxp3 mRNA was quantified by real‐time PCR. VIT responses were assessed by measuring specific IgG4 and IgE levels. Eleven individuals with no history of insect venom allergy were studied as controls. Results VIT induces a significant progressive increase in both the proportion and the absolute numbers of regulatory T cells defined as CD25^bright and/or Foxp3⁺ CD4⁺ T cells. These changes are not related to alterations in the expression of activation markers or imbalances in the naïve/memory T cell compartments. foxp3 mRNA levels also increased significantly during VIT. Of note, the increase in circulating regulatory T cell counts significantly correlates with the venom‐specific IgG4/IgE ratio shift. Conclusion VIT is associated with a progressive expansion of circulating regulatory T cells, supporting a role for these cells in tolerance induction.     

IFN-γ上调人胃癌细胞株PD-L1表达

 目的：研究不同人胃癌细胞株表面程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）表达及干扰素γ（IFN-γ）对其表达的诱导情况。方法：分别培养不同人胃癌细胞株AGS、BGC823、MGC803和SGC7901,经不同浓度IFN-γ、作用不同时间后,利用流式细胞术及real-time PCR检测胃癌细胞株PD-L1在蛋白和mRNA水平的表达情况。结果：流式细胞术显示AGS、BGC823、MGC803和SGC7901细胞PD-L1蛋白表达率分别为（1.567±0.109）%、（2.640±0.577）%、（1.760±0.236）%和（16.030±1.289）%;不同胃癌细胞株对IFN-γ反应不同,经不同浓度IFN-γ刺激后均可不同程度上调PD-L1的表达（P<0.05）;real-time PCR显示10 μg/L IFN-γ刺激各胃癌细胞株12 h后PD-L1 mRNA水平上调（P<0.05）。结论：胃癌细胞株组成性表达PD-L1;IFN-γ可上调胃癌细胞株PD-L1的表达,呈现浓度、时间依赖性;其中以SGC7901细胞（来源于转移淋巴结）表达最高,推测胃癌细胞中PD-L1的表达与肿瘤分化程度无关,与组织来源和淋巴结转移有关;IFN-γ上调胃癌细胞PD-L1,表明IFN-γ并非都是抑制肿瘤增殖、生长,可能参与介导肿瘤免疫逃逸,故临床运用IFN-γ辅助治疗胃癌时应慎用。     

TIGIT and PD-1 may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer

Gastric Cancer (GC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and in urgent need of specific therapeutic targets to acquire prominent effectiveness. T-cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine–based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domain (TIGIT) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) are identified to be abnormally overexpressed in various types of cancers including GC. This study aimed to investigate whether TIGIT and PD-1 could serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for GC. Firstly, TCGA GC dataset analysis and correlation analysis were utilized to inspect the relationship between expression of TIGIT, PD-1 and CD8 + T cells in GC and adjacent normal tissues. Then, flow cytometry was used to verify the data after collecting the peripheral blood, GC and adjacent normal tissues from 150 GC patients. Lastly, quantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of CD155, CD113, CD112 and TIGIT in six human GC cell lines and 631 GC patients in KM Plotter Database to conduct prognostic analysis. As results, we found that TIGIT and PD-1 were upregulated in GC tissues with high CD8 + T cells infiltration, while correlation analysis indicated they were in high-positive correlation. In addition, the flow cytometry analysis further showed that the high-expression of TIGIT in tumor microenvironment of GC could suppress the function of infiltrative CD8 + T cells, which leads to the escape of GC cells from immune killing. Furthermore, CD155 and CD112 were found abnormally upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines and the high expression of CD155, CD112 and TIGIT demonstrated poor prognosis results. In conclusion, these results provided potential therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for treatment of GC in clinic.     

Decreased intratumoral Foxp3 Tregs and increased dendritic cell density by neoadjuvant chemotherapy associated with favorable prognosis in advanced gastric cancer

Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been increasingly used to improve the outcome of advanced gastric cancer (GC) for decades, its precise efficacy has been difficult to evaluate yet. Abundant studies have investigated the predictive factors that represent the effect of NACT on advanced GC. In the present study, the intratumoral infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and dendritic cells (DCs) response to NACT in advanced GC and their correlation with prognosis were evaluated. Infiltration of Tregs (marked by Foxp3) and DCs (marked by S-100) in 102 advanced GC specimens with or without NACT was measured using immunohistochemical method. Intratumoral infiltration of Foxp3 Tregs was significantly lower and DC density was significantly higher in NACT group than that in nNACT group (P=0.007, P=0.002, respectively). Infiltration of Foxp3 Tregs was significantly associated with tumor invasion depth (P<0.001). The DC density was significantly correlated with histopathologic type (P=0.035), invasion depth (P=0.002), TNM stage (P=0.018), and lymph node metastasis (P<0.001). There was no significant difference of patient’s OS between NACT and nNACT groups (P=0.452); however, patients treated with NACT had longer OS with lower infiltration of Foxp3 Tregs (P<0.001) and higher infiltration of DCs (P=0.010). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that infiltration of Foxp3 Tregs and DCs were independent prognostic factors (P=0.002, P=0.003, respectively). The results demonstrated that NACT could decrease intratumoral Foxp3 Tregs infiltration and increase DCs density, and that infiltration of Foxp3 Tregs and DCs may serve as novel prognostic biomarkers of human GC.