腹腔镜胆囊切除术后胆囊残留病变的诊治分析

目的:回顾总结在我院接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术后发生胆囊残留病变的患者诊治记录,分析胆囊残留病变的诊治方法。方法:选取我院2008年以来收治的腹腔镜胆囊切除术后发生胆囊残留病变的患者25例作为研究对象,对患者确诊患者进行二次的手术医治,在手术过程中发现引起胆囊病变的原因,制定针对性的治疗方案。结果:引起胆囊病变的原因中胆囊的残株结石患者16例,残余小胆囊和由此引发炎症的患者7例,胆囊残株癌变患者2例,其中合并胆内管结石患者8例,合并胆总管结石患者9例,术后患者均全部治愈。结论:腹腔镜胆囊切除术需遵循严谨科学的手术操作步骤,以防止患者胆囊术后发生残留病变。术后密切关注患者恢复情况,一旦发现患者胆囊残留病变,要及早判断诊治,防止病情严重。     

用腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊颈部结石嵌顿的效果观察

目的 :探讨用腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊颈部结石嵌顿的临床效果。方法 :将我院2012年4月至2014年4月收治的37例胆囊颈部结石嵌顿患者做为研究对象,对这些患者予以确诊后均使用腹腔镜胆囊切除术进行治疗,然后观察其治疗效果。结果 :本组患者均顺利完成手术,术后恢复的情况良好。只有一例患者术后出现胆漏,但未发生腹膜炎。术后患者引流胆汁100ml-200ml,第二天其胆汁减少至100ml以内,这些患者的住院时间为7-12d。术后我院对这些患者进行了3个月的随访,无病情复发及出现并发症的患者。结论 :用腹腔镜手术治疗胆囊颈部结石嵌顿可取得令人满意的疗效,而且安全性高,此疗法可在临床推广上推广应用。     

预防胆囊腔镜切除术后残株炎残株结石的技术改进

目的观察改进后腹腔镜胆囊切除术对胆囊腔镜切除术后残株炎及残株结石的预防效果。方法采用回顾性分析法分析2012年5月至2014年5月在我院行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的30例患者与2015年6月至2017年6月在我院行改进后腹腔镜胆囊切除术的30例患者基本临床资料。采用常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗的患者统称为对照组,取实施该进后腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者作为观察组。结果观察组术后无一例患者出现残株炎残株结石,对照组术后6例出现残株炎残株结石,组间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.714,P0.05)。结论胆囊腔镜切除术后残株炎残株结石的发生主要与第一次手术有关,单纯满足胆囊切除会增加术后症状复发风险,在严格把握手术适应症的基础上对常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术进行改进能预防术后残株炎残株结石等并发症发生。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗肝硬化合并结石性胆囊炎43例分析

目的: 讨论肝硬化患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的手术适应证和手术技巧。方法: 对43例行气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术的肝硬化合并结石性胆囊炎患者(Child A级35例,B级8例)进行分析。结果: 术后所有患者恢复良好,无胆道损伤、腹腔感染和术后出血。结论: 选择合理的手术适应证、完善的术前准备和轻柔、熟练的手术操作,肝硬化患者的腹腔镜胆囊切除术可以取得满意的效果。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗结石性胆囊炎的临床效果

目的观察腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗结石性胆囊炎的临床效果。方法选取2017年1月至2019年5月项城市第一人民医院收治的92例结石性胆囊炎患者,根据治疗方法分为开腹组和腔镜组,每组46例。开腹组接受传统开腹胆囊切除术治疗,腔镜组接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗。对两组患者手术情况、术后恢复情况及并发症发生率进行比较。结果腔镜组患者术中失血量少于开腹组,手术用时、肛门排气时间、住院天数较开腹组短,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。腔镜组并发症发生率[4.35%(2/46)]低于开腹组[17.39%(8/46)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗结石性胆囊炎,可有效减小手术创伤,加快患者术后康复进程,减少术后并发症的发生。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后超声检查的临床意义

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术后超声检查的临床意义。方法:回顾性分析我院2000例腹腔镜胆囊切除术后超声检查结果。结果:2000例中1766例患者术后超声检查无异常发现,179例中胆囊窝处局限性积液(其中8例合并腹腔少量积液),4例患者胆总管小结石,51例胆总管局限性增宽。结论:腹腔镜胆囊切除术安全、痛苦小、并发症少,术后超声检查可以及时发现问题,将并发症降低到最低限度。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除联合胆总管探查术治疗胆囊合并胆总管结石的效果及安全性分析

目的分析腹腔镜胆囊切除联合胆总管探查术治疗胆囊合并胆总管结石患者的效果及安全性。方法选取2018年2月至2019年2月于南乐中兴医院就诊的62例胆囊合并胆总管结石患者,按治疗方案分为微创组和开腹组,每组31例。开腹组接受传统开腹胆囊切除术治疗,微创组接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术联合胆总管探查术治疗。比较两组患者手术效果(手术、术后肛门首次排气、住院时间,术中出血量,结石残余率)及并发症发生率。结果与开腹组比较,微创组患者手术持续时间、术后肛门首次排气时间、住院天数缩短,术中出血量减少,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。微创组患者并发症发生率为3.23%(1/31),低于开腹组的25.81%(8/31),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者结石残余率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜胆囊切除联合胆总管探查术治疗胆囊合并胆总管结石患者的效果显著,可降低手术风险,加快患者恢复,减少并发症。     

50例胆囊合并心血管疾病患者的腹腔镜胆囊切除术临床分析

目的:探讨胆囊疾病合并心血管疾病患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的围手术期处理方法.方法: 50例行LC患者中,结石性胆囊炎46例,胆囊息肉4例,均合并各种心血管疾病,对50例患者临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果:48例成功实施LC,2例中转开腹.5例术后当日行降压治疗,3例行扩冠治疗,无死亡病例.结论:胆囊疾病合并心血管疾病患者术前准备充分,术中、后加强监测,可以顺利完成LC.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的应用体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术在急性结石性胆囊炎的应用.方法:收集我院69例急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除患者,分析探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术在急性结石性胆囊炎的手术时机操作方法,总结腹腔镜胆囊切除术在急性结石性胆囊炎的应用体会.结果:69例患者顺利完成LC,手术时间短,术中出血量少及术后并发症少,术后住院时间短.结论:急性结石性胆囊炎患者,只要无手术禁忌症,不管病程长短,尽早行腹腔镜胆囊切除术.采取适当的手术方式,急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术是安全可靠的.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的临床体会

目的:分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的临床体会。方法:选择80例急性结石性胆囊炎患者,分别给予腹腔镜胆囊切除术和开腹胆囊切除术治疗,对比治疗效果。结果:两组治疗效果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组术中出血量、排气时间、住院时间、不良反应发生率临床情况明显好于对照组。结论:腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎临床疗效明显优于开腹胆囊切除术,安全有效,临床价值高,值得推广使用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.