蒙古长爪沙鼠染色体组型研究

目的　建立蒙古长爪沙鼠标准G带染色体的核型 ,提供可靠的细胞遗传学的背景数据。方法　雌、雄各 3只成熟长爪沙鼠 ,外周血淋巴细胞培养 ,制片、镜下观察分裂中期的淋巴细胞。随机计数 10 0个分裂细胞中的染色体数目 ,确立长爪沙鼠体细胞染色体数目。选择 10个典型细胞测量染色体基本数据 ,建立标准G带核型。结果　长爪沙鼠染色体数为二倍体 ,4 4条染色体 ,可划分A、B、C、D、E、F六组。中着丝点区域的 11对 ,主要分布A、C、E三组中 ;近中着丝点区域的染色体 5对 ,主要分布B组中 ;端着丝点区域的染色体 5对 ,主要分布D、F组中 ;x为第 6号中着丝点染色体 ,y为端着丝点的区域染色体大小在 14号与 15号染色体之间。结论　长爪沙鼠染色体为 2n =4 4 =2× 11m +2× 5sm +2× 5t+(x)m +(y)t     

巴马小型猪染色体核型

采用外周血淋巴细胞培养技术，对巴马小型猪的染色体作了核型分析。结果表明：巴马小型猪正常的二倍体细胞染色体数２ｎ＝３８，其性染色体为ＸＹ（♂）、ＸＸ（♀）。根据染色体形态、相对长度、臂比、着丝点指数，参照第一届国际家畜分带核型标准化会议（１９７６）制定的猪的染色体核型标准，将１８对常染色体分为Ａ、Ｂ、ｃ、Ｄ四个形态组，核型呈１０ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ＋１０ｍ＋１２ｔ。Ｘ染色体为中着丝点染色体，大小介于第８对和第９对染色体之间，Ｙ染色体为最小的中着丝点染色体。     

日本血吸虫染色体的初步研究(文摘)

本文报道日本血吸虫大陆株染色体的数目为2n=16,n=8。其核型分为三组:第一组,1～2号染色体,1号为大的亚端部着丝点。2号为大的亚中部着丝点,系性染色体,雌性为异配性别(ZW);雄性为同配性别(ZZ)。第二组,3～5号染色体,为亚端部着丝点。第三组,6～8号染色体,为亚端部和中部着丝点。日本血吸虫大陆株核型符合亚洲组裂体吸虫的表现,与曼氏血吸虫的核型(1号为端部着丝点,2号性染色体ZW为亚端部     

澳洲大蠊染色体的研究

对澳洲大蠊的染色体进行了研究。染色体核型为雌2n=28、雄2n=27,除第7对为亚中着丝点外其余均为中着丝点。     

雷州山羊染色体核型研究及C-带分析

目的 了解雷州山羊染色体核型.方法 采用外周血淋巴细胞培养及染色体分带技术,对雷州山羊的染色体核型及显带进行分析.结果 雷州山羊二倍体染色体数为2n=60,常染色体和X染色体均为端部着丝粒染色体,X染色体的大小介于1号和2号染色体之间,Y染色体最小,为中部着丝粒染色体,公羊核型为60,XY,母羊为60,XX.大部分常染色体和X、Y染色体着丝粒部位显示阳性C-带,不同染色体的阳性C-带区域大小不同.结论 雷州山羊的某些染色体的大小、染色体C-显带与不同地方品种或培育品种之间存在一定的差异.     

喜马拉雅旱獭G带核型研究

本文采用外周血淋巴细胞培养技术和胰酶－Ｇ带法，对喜马拉雅旱獭染色体进行了Ｇ－带核型研究。通过雌雄７只旱獭８０个Ｇ－带细胞的观察，均能看到各要色体所具有特征带型。按喜马拉雅旱獭核型２ｎ＝３８剪排了Ｇ－带带型见封二。并绘制出Ｇ－带核型模式图。参照人类细胞遗传学命名法的国际体制，描述了各号染色体的带型特征。为旱獭属动物的染色体研究积累了资料，进而探讨该类动物的分类及系统演化提供细胞遗传学依据。     

本地实验犬淋巴细胞染色体核型分析

目的通过犬的染色体核型分析,为诊断犬染色体病以及进行犬的分子细胞学研究奠定了基础。方法采集13条正常本地犬(6条雌性、7条雄性)外周血进行淋巴细胞培养,经秋水仙素处理后制备常规及G带染色体标本并进行核型分析。结果本地犬的染色体形态结构表现出很好的一致性,其染色体数为2n=78,雌性染色体核型为78,XX,雄性染色体核型为78,XY。39对染色体中有38对常染色体均为端着丝粒染色体,长度逐渐递减;1对性染色体为中央着丝粒,X染色体最大并与人X染色体形态极其相似,Y染色体最小。结论染色体G带核型分析发现,可以明确鉴别犬第1～21号常染色体和性染色体,但很难可靠地鉴别其余的17对常染色体。     

鸡冠花染色体核型分析

对药用植物鸡冠花的根尖体细胞染色体进行了计数和核型分析。计数为２ｎ＝３６；１８对染色体均为中部着丝点染色体，未见随体染色体和Ｂ染色体；核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２ｘ＝３６＝３６ｍ，核型属１Ａ型。     

日本大耳白兔染色体核型

采用骨髓细胞染色体直接制片法，以及染色体Ｇ－分带和银染技术，对日本大耳白兔的染色体进行了研究。结果表明，日本大耳白兔核型为：２ｎ＝４４，１８ｍ＋７ｓｍ＋１０ｓｔ＋９ｔ；染色体Ｇ－带型与文献报道基本一致；银染核仁组成区定位于１２、１４和２０号染色体的短臂端部，单个细胞染色体银染颗粒范围为１～６个，平均２．９３个。     

大Y染色体与不良妊娠关系的探讨

①目的 探讨大Y染色体与不良妊娠之间的关系。②方法 常规制备外周血淋巴细胞染色体G显带标本，对606例检测者进行染色体核型分析。③结果 检出异常核型50例，其中22例为大Y染色体，大Y染色体检出率为3．63％，占异常核型的44．00％(22／50)。携带者配偶不明原因反复自然流产发生率为81．82％(18／22)，子代颅脑神经系统发育异常发生率为13．64％(3／22)，不明原因连续死胎发生率为4．55％(1／22)。④结论 大Y染色体核型具有一定的遗传效应。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.