基于花香浓度的人工蜂群算法在机器人路径规划中的应用

传统的人工蜂群算法是在一种较理想的环境中进行的,不会考虑风的阻力、长时间飞行找不到蜜源使体力下降等现实因素。本文提出了基于花香浓度的人工蜂群算法——FABC算法,在传统的人工蜂群算法中加入了步长和视野范围两个因素提升求解精度,并在侦查蜂阶段提出了花香浓度机制避免陷入局部最优,提高收敛速度。为了验证FABC算法的有效性,采用4个经典测试函数对FABC算法进行了仿真实验,并将实验结果与传统人工蜂群算法以及其他改进人工蜂群算法进行对比。最后将FABC算法应用到机器人路径规划仿真实验中,实验结果证明FABC算法能够有效地解决机器人路径规划问题。     

基于离散布谷鸟搜索算法的带阻塞有差速混合流水车间调度

基于以最小完工时间为目标的带阻塞有差速混合流水车间调度问题,提出了一种改进的离散布谷鸟搜索算法。在基本布谷鸟搜索算法的莱维飞行和巢寄生性的基础结构上,提出了一种基于交叉策略的莱维飞行机制,以便算法能够解决离散问题;同时,通过非余弦递减策略的动态发现概率去发现劣质鸟巢,并利用排列差分进化算法的变异思想将劣质鸟巢重建;在搜索过程中设定全局最优极值保持代数为阈值去重新发现劣质鸟巢,以防止算法陷入局部最优;最后利用邻域搜索方法进一步提高算法的搜索精度。通过仿真实验验证了该算法在求解混合流水车间调度类离散问题上的有效性与优越性。     

固定床反应器流向振荡操作的模拟算法——改进变步长差分法

提出了改进的变步长差分法,用于求解固定床反应器作周期性流向切换操作时的温度分布和浓度分布。该方法能根据分布曲线的形状合理分布网格点,并在曲线迁移时自动调整格点分布,从而使格点数显著减少,计算时间大幅度下降。本方法用抛物线分段近似偏微分方程,使之成为三对角矩阵,简化了计算,便于求解。用SO_2氧化反应实验对算法作了验证。     

基于改进狼群算法的甲醇合成塔转化率机理建模及参数估计

以某甲醇合成塔为研究对象,通过深入分析甲醇合成过程的反应机理,建立了甲醇转化率软测量机理模型。为了提高模型参数的估计精度,提出了一种改进的狼群算法,引入了历史次优的概念与禁忌搜索机制。仿真实验结果表明,改进算法的全局搜索能力明显优于基本算法。以某甲醇合成过程的实际运行数据为样本,运用改进的狼群算法对甲醇转化率机理模型进行参数估计,与基本狼群算法相比,获得的参数精度更高,能更准确地预测合成塔出口处的甲醇转化率。     

一种基于改进型遗传算法的模糊聚类

针对模糊C均值算法(FCM算法)难以达到全局最优解的问题,引入了具有全局搜索能力的遗传算法以解决聚类问题,并在标准遗传算法基础上进行了改进。将该算法运用于IR IS数据的聚类,实现了较好的聚类,从而验证了算法的有效性。     

一种快速自适应蜂群算法及其应用

提出了一种改进的人工蜂群算法(Quick Self Adaptive Artificial Bee Colony, QAABC)。首先,对人工蜂群算法的选择策略和搜索策略进行改进,以提高算法的收敛速度和优化精度;其次,对超边界的个体进行一次有效变异,增强种群的多样性。最后,将本文算法与其他两种算法（标准ABC、ABCP）对5个测试函数在低维和高维进行了对比实验,并将之运用于压力容器设计中成本最小化问题的研究,所得结果均验证了改进算法的有效性。     

改进Demons算法的验证及其在4D-CT轮廓线推衍中的应用

目的 研究一种改进的Demons变形配准算法,验证算法的有效性,评价配准算法的精度,并将其应用于4D-CT轮廓线的推衍.方法 为加快收敛的速度和提高配准精度,将Demons算法的双向作用力进行重分配,并提出一个能量函数作为相似性测度,利用BFGS优化算法对能量函数进行优化,避免了经典算法中需指定迭代次数的缺陷.分别利用模拟形变CT图像与变形模体,分析和测量了配准算法的精度,并对该算法在4D-CT轮廓线推衍中的应用进行了评价.结果 改进后的Demons算法与经典的Demons算法以及类似的变形配准算法相比,有较高的配准精度,推衍生成的轮廓线与人工勾画的轮廓线匹配程度高.结论 变形配准是4D-CT中的一项关键技术,改进后的Demons算法应用于轮廓线的推衍有望大大治疗计划设计的轮廓勾画工作量,其配准精度能满足实际临床的需要.     

经颈动脉途径肝动脉插管及脾内注射肝细胞移植治疗急性肝衰大鼠的疗效比较

变异量子粒子群算法（MQPSO）通过在量子粒子群算法(QPSO)中引入变异机制,增加了全局搜索能力,避免陷入局部最优。在粗糙集理论和MQPSO算法基础上,提出了基于MQPSO优化的决策表属性约简方法,并在算法实现中提出了迭代记录策略,改进了算法中的耗时计算部分,降低了算法的时间复杂度。     

改进的混沌蜂群算法在流水线调度中的应用

针对批量流水线调度问题,提出了一种改进的人工蜂群算法优化最大完成时间。该算法用NEH方法产生初始解,利用混沌的遍历性生成新的邻域解。为了跳出局部最优,使用最优解插入扰动替换一些连续若干步不能改进的解以提高算法的全局搜索能力,仿真实验结果验证了算法的可行性。     

简约空间内点法的投影梯度可行性恢复

内点法作为一种高效的非线性规划算法,其简约空间算法实现尤其适于求解过程系统工程中的高维、低自由度优化问题,从而算法只需要在决策变量的低维空间寻求最优解,并且求解性能不依赖于模型的精确二阶导数信息,这对难以获得二阶导数或者二阶导数计算代价很大的复杂系统优化极为重要。为了保障简约空间内点法的全局收敛性,本文提出了与内点法共享空间分解结构的投影梯度可行性恢复算法。该算法结合了信赖域与线性搜索方法的优点,能够有效促进内点法的全局收敛。通过求解经典文献及CUTE/COPS算例库中的优化问题验证了本文提出算法的有效性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.