脑钠素与肌钙蛋白Ⅰ在小儿心力衰竭诊断、预后评估中的意义

目的探讨血浆脑钠素（BNP）、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ（CTnI）水平变化在小儿心力衰竭（CHF）患儿诊断、预后评估中的意义。方法选择心力衰竭患儿41例，根据ROSS心功能分期将CHF患儿分为心衰早期、心衰期、恢复期。41例健康体检者作为对照组。分别采用放射免疫分析法和化学发光免疫分析法检测各组血浆BNP及CTnI水平；同时观察血浆BNP水平与CHF患儿预后的关系。结果心衰早期患儿血浆BNP、CTnI即开始升高，心衰期达高峰，恢复期逐渐下降，但仍显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）。心衰早期、恢复期患儿血浆BNP阳性率（92．7％，90．2％）较CTnI阳性率（63．4％，58．5％）有显著性差异（P〈0．01）；BNP持续〉500ng／L的心脏事件发生率（66．7％）明显高于BNP〈500ng/L的心脏事件发生率（21．4％）（P〈0．01）。结论BNP、CTnI可反映心肌损伤程度；血浆BNP在心衰早期诊断方面其敏感性及特异性均优于CTnI，血浆BNP可作为诊断和判定小儿心衰预后的重要参考依据之一。     

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目的 探讨血浆脑钠素(BNP)、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI)质量浓度的变化在心力衰竭(简称心衰,CHF)患儿的临床诊断、预后评估中的意义.方法 2003-02-2005-02于青岛市海慈医院住院诊断心衰的患儿41例,同时选健康体检者41例作为正常对照组,采用放射免疫分析法分别检测其血BNP及cTnI的水平.结果 心衰早期BNP、cTnI即开始升高,心衰期达高峰,恢复期逐渐下降,但仍高于正常对照组(P＜0.01);心衰早期、恢复期BNP阳性率(92.7%,90.2%)较cTnI阳性率(63.4%,58.5%)差异有显著性(P＜0.01);BNP持续高于500 ng/L的心脏事件发生率(66.7%)较BNP＜500 ng/L的心脏事件发生率(21.4%)高,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论 心衰患儿血浆BNP、cTnI质量浓度明显升高,BNP、cTnI可反映其心肌损伤;血浆BNP在心衰早期诊断方面,其敏感性及特异性均优于cTnI,可作为诊断小儿心衰的一项重要指标;血浆BNP则可作为判断预后的一个重要参考依据.     

心力衰竭患儿脑钠素与肌钙蛋白I的临床意义

目的探讨血浆脑钠素(BNP)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)质量浓度的变化在心力衰竭(简称心衰,CHF)患儿的临床诊断、预后评估中的意义。 方法2003-02—2005-02于青岛市海慈医院住院诊断心衰的患儿41例,同时选健康体检者41例作为正常对照组,采用放射免疫分析法分别检测其 血BNP及cTnI的水平。 结果心衰早期BNP、cTnI即开始升高,心衰期达高峰,恢复期逐渐下降,但仍高于正常对照组(P<0.01);心衰早期、恢复期BNP阳性率(92.7%, 90.2%)较cTnI阳性率(63.4%,58.5%)差异有显著性(P<0.01);BNP持续高于500ng/L的心脏事件发生率(66.7%)较BNP<500ng/L的心脏事件发生率 (21.4%)高,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。 结论心衰患儿血浆BNP、cTnI质量浓度明显升高,BNP、cTnI可反映其心肌损伤;血浆BNP在心衰早期诊断方面,其敏感性及特异性均优于cTnI, 可作为诊断小儿心衰的一项重要指标;血浆BNP则可作为判断预后的一个重要参考依据。     

急性心力衰竭患儿血浆脑钠素及心钠素水平的变化

目的探讨急性心力衰竭患儿血浆脑钠素(BNP)及心钠素(ANP)水平变化及其意义。方法选择不同病因的充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患儿46例及肺炎患儿40例、先天性心脏病患儿31例、健康儿童40例,应用酶联免疫吸附法分别检测血浆BNP及ANP水平,用多普勒超声心动图测量心力衰竭患儿心衰期及恢复期心脏指数(CI)及左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果CHF患儿心衰前期BNP即开始升高,心衰时达高峰(P<0.001),恢复期BNP水平渐下降,但仍高于正常值(P<0.001);心衰时心脏CI、LVEF均明显下降(P<0.01);CHF患儿心衰时升高的BNP水平与CI、LVEF均呈明显负相关(r=-0.61,0.79P均<0.05);同时测定的ANP动态变化趋势与BNP类似;CHF患儿心衰时的BNP/ANP比值远远高于正常对照;心衰时BNP与ANP异常率比较有显著差异(P<0.05);心衰时BNP水平与LVEF、CI值相关性优于ANP。结论CHF患儿血清BNP及ANP水平明显升高.且与心衰程度关系密切,BNP反映心脏功能改变较ANP更敏感,更具有特异性。     

急性充血性心力衰竭患儿血浆脑利钠肽变化的意义

目的通过测定急性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患儿血浆脑利钠肽(BNP)水平的变化,进一步确定其临床应用价值。方法BNP测定采用酶标法;选择住院CHF患儿48例,其中肺炎心衰36例,先天性心脏病心衰12例。正常对照组40例。分别进行CHF组不同时期BNP水平与正常对照组比较,探讨CHF患儿心功能参数变化并与BNP水平作相关分析。根据NYHA小儿CHF分级,进行不同心功能级别CHF患儿BNP比较。结果CHF患儿心衰期及恢复期BNP水平显著高于正常对照组(t=14.30,20.38 P均<0.01);CHF患儿心衰期CI、LVEF值与正常对照组比较有显著差异(t=8.85,12.62 P均<0.01),恢复期CI及LEVF值与正常对照组比较差异无显著(t=1.62,1.64 P均>0.05),提示心衰时心功能有明显的改变。同时心衰患儿BNP与CI、LVEF数值均呈负相关(r=-0.61,-0.79 P均>0.05);心功能分级不同,BNP水平明显不同,心衰程度越重,BNP水平愈高,差异有显著性(P均<0.01)。结论心衰时BNP水平明显增高,确定BNP在CHF诊断中价值。并与动态心功能变化密切相关;心衰程度越重,血BNP水平越高。BNP可作为评价心功能程度及预后,指导临床治疗的指标。     

充血性心力衰竭与重症肺炎患儿血清脑钠素浓度变化的研究

目的：B型利钠肽即脑钠素(B-typeorbrainnatriureticpeptide,BNP)在成人充血性心力衰竭(con-gestiveheartfailure,CHF)时血浆浓度显著升高,对成人CHF有重要诊断价值,对成人急性呼吸困难有重要的鉴别诊断价值。在小儿有关BNP的研究不多,该实验旨在研究小儿CHF及肺炎时血清BNP浓度变化,探讨BNP对小儿急性呼吸困难的鉴别诊断价值;进一步探讨小儿重症肺炎是否会合并心衰,为肺炎合并心衰的诊断寻找客观指标。方法：将65例有呼吸困难症状的患儿分为3组CHF组(即心源性呼吸困难组)24例;肺炎组(即肺源性呼吸困难组)23例;临床诊断肺炎心衰组18例。对10例肺炎合并心衰患儿在病情平稳2~3d后再次收集血清。正常对照组15例。用ELISA法测血清BNP浓度。结果：CHF组血清BNP浓度显著高于临床诊断肺炎心衰组、肺炎组及正常组(P<0.01);临床诊断肺炎心衰组显著高于肺炎组(P<0.01)及正常组(P<0.01),肺炎组与正常组比较差异无显著性。BNP对心源性呼吸困难鉴别诊断的受试者作业特征曲线(receiveoperatorcharacteristic,ROCcurve)下面积是0.978(P<0.01);BNP以49pg/mL为诊断界值,对呼吸困难由CHF引起的诊断敏感度是87.5%,特异度是95.8%;临床诊断肺炎心衰的18例患儿中,BNP浓度>49pg/mL的11例,其BNP浓度为172.08±56.47pg/mL,显著高于肺炎组(P<0.01),与CHF组相比无差异;这11例中有10例治疗后复查血清BNP,其浓度为26.12±15.71pg/mL,低于治疗前(P<0.01)。另7例血清BNP浓度为20.46±11.78pg/mL,与肺炎组及正常组相比差异无显著性(均P>0.05)。结论：BNP浓度检测对小儿呼吸困难是否由CHF引起有鉴别诊断价值;小儿重症肺炎时可以合并心力衰竭;BNP检测可鉴别小儿重症肺炎是否合并心力衰竭。     

婴幼儿心力衰竭时心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的变化及意义

目的 探讨心肌肌钙蛋白(CTnI)在婴幼儿心力衰竭中的变化及临床意义.方法 对38例心力衰竭患儿与26例同期住院无心肌损伤及心脏病患儿进行CTnI及肌酸激酶同功酶(CK-MB)检测,同时比较心力衰竭患儿病情稳定前后CTnI及CK-MB的变化.结果 与对照组相比,心衰组血清CTnI浓度显著增高(P＜0.01),而CK-MB浓度差异无统计学意义;心衰组病情稳定前后CTnI浓度比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而CK-MB无统计学意义.结论 CTnI在评价心肌损伤方面敏感性及特异性均优于CK-MB,可在亚细胞水平上诊断心衰提供一项生化指标.CTnI的动态变化可能有助于判断心衰的病情演变.     

脓毒性休克患儿血浆脑利钠肽水平变化及临床意义

目的 通过检测脓毒性休克患儿的血浆脑利钠肽(BNP)水平,探讨BNP水平检测在脓毒性休克临床诊治中的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定30例脓毒性休克患儿(脓毒性休克组)、30例脓毒症患儿(脓毒症组)及30例健康体检儿(对照组)空腹血浆BNP水平.结果 (1)脓毒症组血浆BNP水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);(2)脓毒性休克及脓毒症患儿血浆BNP水平急性期明显高于恢复期(P＜0.01);(3)死亡及多脏器功能衰竭的脓毒性休克患儿与存活者血浆BNP水平比较,前者明显高于后者(P＜0.01);(4)脓毒性休克患儿血浆BNP、心肌肌钙蛋白(cTnI)浓度间相关分析表明两者成正相关(r=0.91,P＜0.01).结论 血浆BNP水平可作为脓毒性休克早期诊断的一项重要指标,有助于检测心肌受损、评估病情严重程度、判定治疗方案的疗效及预测预后.     

脓毒性休克患儿血浆脑利钠肽水平变化及临床意义

目的 通过检测脓毒性休克患儿的血浆脑利钠肽(BNP)水平,探讨BNP水平检测在脓毒性休克临床诊治中的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定30例脓毒性休克患儿(脓毒性休克组)、30例脓毒症患儿(脓毒症组)及30例健康体检儿(对照组)空腹血浆BNP水平.结果 (1)脓毒症组血浆BNP水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);(2)脓毒性休克及脓毒症患儿血浆BNP水平急性期明显高于恢复期(P＜0.01);(3)死亡及多脏器功能衰竭的脓毒性休克患儿与存活者血浆BNP水平比较,前者明显高于后者(P＜0.01);(4)脓毒性休克患儿血浆BNP、心肌肌钙蛋白(cTnI)浓度间相关分析表明两者成正相关(r=0.91,P＜0.01).结论 血浆BNP水平可作为脓毒性休克早期诊断的一项重要指标,有助于检测心肌受损、评估病情严重程度、判定治疗方案的疗效及预测预后.     

心力衰竭患儿血浆脑钠肽变化及临床意义

目的 探讨心力衰竭患儿血浆脑钠肽(BNP)变化及其与心功能的关系.方法 研究对象为2005年4月至2007年1月在宜宾市第二人民医院住院的心力衰竭患儿43例,应用ELISA方法测定患儿血浆BNP浓度,M型超声心动图测量左室射血分数(LVEF)、短轴缩短率(FS),并比较BNP与LVEF、FS的相关性.结果与正常对照组比较,心力衰竭患儿血浆BNP水平明显升高,心功能参数LVEF、FS显著降低(t值分别为8.092、3.780、3.864.P值分别<0.001、<0.01、<0.01).心衰程度越重.血浆BNP水平升高越明显(F=4.26,P<0.01).心功能Ⅰ级组患儿血浆BNP水平已明显升高(t=4.708,P<0.01),心功能参数LVEF、FS降低不明显.不同原发病心力衰竭患儿血浆BNP无差别.血浆BNP水平与LVEF和FS存在负相关关系(r分别为-0.568,-0.325,P值分别<0.05,<0.001).结论 心衰惠儿血浆BNP水平显著升高,随着患儿心衰程度加重,血浆BNP水平增高越显著.血浆BNP水平是心衰患儿心脏功能更敏感的生化指标.     

Normal and abnormal height and weight development in children and adolescents in Krakow--changes and trends in the last thirty years

The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of height and weight disharmony in children and adolescents in Krakow, i.e. both overweight and underweight in relation to height and the trends in last thirty years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 4532 individuals -- a random sample of children and adolescents (2416 boys and 2107 girls) were examined in 2000. The results of the examination were compared with data obtain in 1971 (random sample of 4090 individuals) and with results from 1983 (random sample of 6536 individuals). Percentile position of height and weight were compared: the difference of two or more percentiles channels classified the results as overweight or underweight depending on height. THE RESULTS: Of the research prove that the frequency of occurrence of dis-harmonious body built increases with age, both with regard to overweight and underweight related to height and this phenomenon is more frequent in girls. In last thirty years a progressive increase of frequency of overweight was observed, but in girls it was noticeable and statistically significant only in 1971 -- 1983.     

Trends in perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity in India

Although the infant mortality rate (IMR) has reduced by 50% during the past century, it compares poorly with the advanced countries and some developing countries. The observed fall in IMR has been mostly in post-neonatal mortality, with the result that neonatal deaths now account for over 60% of all infant deaths. The overall perinatal mortality rate (PMR) in India is still over 50 per 1000 and has shown virtually no decline during the past decade, However, PMR differs widely in different states, urban/rural areas, different hospitals and so on. PMR is seen to correlate better with social development than economic development of the representative community. The causes of perinatal deaths suggest poor health of mother and poor health facilities and are hence potentially preventable. Various studies have shown that PMR can be significantly reduced within a short span of time. The registration of vital statistics continue to be highly unsatisfactory especially in rural areas.     

Bacteriuria in Pregnancy and Infection in Amniotic Fluid and Infant

Women with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy had sterile amniotic fluid at the time of delivery.There was no evidence that maternal urinary infection was associated with infection in the infant.     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in a county in Sweden

Overweight among young people in Sweden is increasing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of overweight and obesity based on body mass index (BMI) values among children and adolescents. Overweight was defined as a BMI value > or = 91st percentile and obesity as a BMI value > 98th percentile on an international reference BMI curve. The study population included boys and girls from four age groups: 9, 12, 15 and 18 y. The data consisted of self-reported measures of height and weight that were obtained from questionnaires used in a cross-sectional study in December 1997. A validation study was performed using a part of the study population. A total of 7011 (81.7%) participants completed the questionnaire. The correlation between self-reported estimations and objective measures of height and weight was high in the oldest age groups (0.88-0.98), but lower in the 9-y-old age groups (0.37-0.72). These self-reported estimations in the 9-y-olds were excluded from further analysis. It was found that 12.3%, 11.6% and 11.4% of the boys in the 12-, 15- and 18-y-old age groups and 6.8%, 5.5% and 4.8% of the girls in the same age groups were overweight and 7.9%, 8.9% and 7.3% of the boys and 5.1%, 4.2% and 3.9% of the girls were obese. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be high in the study population and is a serious public health problem. The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in 15-y-old boys living in rural areas than in city and town dwellers of the same age.